Mene ne catabolism? Tafiyar matakai catabolism saukarwa

Our jiki ne mai ban mamaki tsarin iya kula da barga dangane da yanayi. Wannan yana cika ta hanyar metabolism ko kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, metabolism. A metabolism kanta ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa: catabolism (makamashi metabolism) da kuma anabolism (roba metabolism). Mutane da yawa dame waɗannan Concepts. Amma suna sha bamban. Bari mu ga abin da catabolism.

Bambance-bambance catabolism daga anabolism

Wadannan matakai ne m, a yanayi. Anabolism - mai kira tsari more hadaddun abubuwa daga sauki. Kuma abin da ke cikin catabolism? Wannan baya tsari. An misali za a iya kafa anabolism na tsoka taro. Kuma kamar yadda wani misali domin catabolism zai iya sa da dama da muhimmanci jikin mutum halayen.

Alal misali, mutane da yawa son dankali, dama? Daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwa a cikin shi, da samar da wani m dandano, shi ne sitaci. Wannan abu ne mai polysaccharide. Wannan yana nufin cewa shi ne sosai hadaddun a cikin yanayi carbohydrate. Haka kuma, shi kunshi wani jam'i na sauran carbohydrates, kuma za a iya bazu cikin kasa hadaddun mahadi. A karshen sitaci ne bazu a jiki to glucose. Yana shi ne catabolism.

barasa catabolism

A na biyu misali ne bazuwar na catabolism barasa don acetic acid. Wannan tsari ne da za'ayi a matakai biyu ta amfani da biyu enzymes. Farko - shi ne barasa dehydrogenase. Wannan enzyme ne ke da alhakin catabolism na ethanol zuwa acetaldehyde. The abu ne mai guba, don haka shi ba zai iya zama dogon a cikin jiki. Wannan shi ne dalili na buguwan giya. Amma ba da ma'ana.

A mataki na biyu na catabolism na ethyl barasa - shi ne tsakiyan nonon da enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase acetaldehyde zuwa acetic acid wanda aka excreted a cikin jiki. Akwai da dama wasu misalai na catabolism. Alal misali, fats za a iya cleaved zuwa glycerol kuma m acid, sunadaran da - to amino acid. Domin Bodybuilders karshe irin catabolism ne quite m, kamar yadda ya ba su sami tsoka taro.

kimiyya catabolism

Catabolism ne aka yi nufi cewa jiki na iya samar da makamashi. A gaskiya ma, wani abu da aka sarrafa da jiki, su ne tushen ATP - adenosine triphosphate. Wannan musamman kwayoyin yi nufi ga ajiya, wato, da jari na makamashi a cikin jiki. The adadin abu ne fairly iyaka. Saboda haka, akwai bukatar a kullum uwa. Kuma za a yi wannan ne kawai hanya daya - tare da taimakon catabolism. A tsari faruwa a dama, saukarwa. Bari mu bincika duk matakai na catabolism.

A mataki na farko

A mataki na farko na catabolism - aka samu daga tsakiyan nonon abinci abubuwa da musamman enzymes. Ga wasu abubuwa, da rawar da enzyme iya yi ba ji ba gani. Alal misali, sukari cleaves insulin samar da pancreas. Kamar haka ga wani ba mataki ne kawai da halayyar exotherm. Yana ba bace ba tare da wata alama.

A musamman, shi ake amfani da su kula da al'ada rayuwa da kwayoyin matakin. Kuma mun ji wannan tsari a matsayin adana a wani yanayin jiki. Bugu da ƙari, wannan da'irar quite ban sha'awa. Bayan catabolism iya za'ayi kawai idan akwai wani zazzabi. A zafi ne na halitta mai kara kuzari ga duk sunadarai matakai a cikin jiki ne, ko a cikin yanayin. A tsari na tsagawa m abubuwa ne quite hadaddun, don haka babu mataki na biyu ne ba makawa.

biyu kafa

A mataki na biyu da aka kira glycolysis. A wannan mataki, shi shigarsu tsakiyan nonon na glucose. Wannan tsari ne da za'ayi a cikin cell cytoplasm. A matsayin sakamako na biyu lokaci, 40% da aka adana a matsayin ATP, da kuma saura daga cikin sakamakon da makamashi da ake amfani da zafin rana. Kullum, thermoregulation a cikin jiki, kamar yadda muka gani, costing da shi sosai. Da yawa fiye da rabin jimlar makamashi samar da aka kashe kawai don kula da al'ada yanayin jiki. Wannan mataki faruwa ba tare da sa hannu na oxygen.

The uku mataki - Oxygen

Wannan mataki na catabolism daukan wuri tare da kai tsaye hannu na oxygen. Ya kwashe a cikin mitochondria, waxanda suke da mu halitta accumulators. Wadannan abubuwa na jikin mu ne kadan, sai suka ba za a iya gani da ido tsirara. A wannan yanayin, wadannan batura suna samuwa a kowane cell, iya metabolism. Kuma shi ne akwai wani jari na ATP. Kuma da uku mataki ne lazimta gaba daya zuwa ga kira na adenosine triphosphate.

Common hanyar catabolism

Janar ta catabolism iya kira da kafa irin wannan tafiyar matakai:

• A hadawan abu da iskar shaka na pyruvate zuwa acetyl-CoA. Wannan tsari faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar enzymes, forming wani sa na ban sha'awa sunan "pyruvate dehydrogenase hadaddun." Amma wadannan su ne cikakken bayani da cewa su ba da gaske muhimmanci da kowa mutum.
• Next ne hadawan abu da iskar shaka na acetyl-CoA. Ya zo daga abin da ake kira citric acid sake zagayowar. Haka kuma an kira da Krebs sake zagayowar. Wannan tsari ne mai key yi nufi ga salula numfasawa. Ba duk, ba shakka, amma waɗanda suke amfani da oxygen. Shi ne ta hanyar da Krebs sake zagayowar baya kafa a tsari ga kafa anabolism (kira) ATP, wanda shi ne mai babbar tushen samar da makamashi a cikin cell.
• Bayan wannan makamashi da aka saki, a can ne ta tarawa (tarawa). Wannan shi ne saboda da dehydrogenation metabolites, wanda sun juya daga a cikin shakka daga baya biyu matakai na catabolism. A bukatarsa dehydrogenation auku a cikin mitochondrial electron kai sarkar.

Wadannan matakai na catabolism suke da muhimmanci sosai ga dan Adam. Ba tare da su da shi ba zai yiwu ba ga wanzu, tun da ATP catabolism aka saki makamashi, to, wanda aka yi amfani da matsayin duniya magani tunawa da jikin mu.

amino acid catabolism

Haka kuma, sunadarai an kaskanta a cikin jiki cikin amino acid. Amma ba kawai da ya auku a jikin mu. Daga cikin abubuwan, da amino acid ne ma kai tsaye shiga a cikin catabolism. A tsari kanta sosai hadaddun, don haka so kawai na asali bayanai, wanda ba shi da wuya isa ga masu karatu. Yana amino acid ne primary hanyar da sunadarai na gina.

Babu wani bangare na jiki, wanda zai ba ya bukatar sunadarai. Duk da haka, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama cutarwa. Cututtuka cewa faruwa saboda bayyanar da jiki ta mahaukaci sunadarai kira prions. Kuma, sha'awa shine, suna iya kama a lokacin.

binciken

Mun gane cewa wannan catabolism da kuma abin da shi ne ga jikin mu. Dalilin shi ne mai sauqi qwarai. Ko da ya fi zama dole abubuwa a jikin mu ne wani lokacin m. A lokaci guda ba za mu iya yi ba tare da wadannan abubuwa. Catabolism ba kawai samar da makamashi, amma kuma ya kawar da wuce haddi na abin da yake wajibi ga jikin mu. Kamar wani abu da yawa - shi ke nan bad. Kuma wannan al'amari ya kamata a yi la'akari.

Yana da muhimmanci a fahimci abin da catabolism ba kawai janar ilimi amma kuma, alal misali, don a ƙona hadayu da wuce haddi nauyi. Amma dole ne musamman da hankali, domin in ban da catabolism na mai iya ƙone da tsoka taro. Ya ba ya kula da cewa da dama a karkashin ikon yinsa.