Mene ne nuclear "Doug"? description

Mene ne nuclear "Doug?" Yaya ta yi aiki? Wadannan da sauran tambayoyi da za a tattauna a cikin labarin. Megapolis nuclear-2 is located in arewa maso yammacin karamin gari na Chornobyl Polissya, amma a kan wani topographical taswira ba. Nazarin da taswirar, za ka iya samun wurin da birni cike da gidajen gona layi na gandun daji en ko alamun katakan yara, amma ba tunani da fasaha ko birane gine-gine. A cikin Tarayyar Soviet mun kasance iya boye wani sirri, musamman idan ta kasance mai yaki.

Duga

Inda ya nuclear "Doug?" Kawai tun da nuclear hatsari da kuma rushewar Tarayyar Soviet mutane koya game da kasancewar wani soja sansanin (karamin gari) a cikin gandun daji na Polesie, wanda farauta "nazarin sararin samaniya." A cikin karni na ƙarshe a cikin seventies muka halitta musamman soja radar tsarin da wanda ya yiwu don duba da ƙaddamar da wani intercontinental makami mai linzami da zai yiwu, maƙiyi ƙasar. Yana da aka kirkiro domin sunan radar sararin sama radar tashar (Duga).

Nuclear "Arc" yana da babban size of sami antennas da masts, bukata babbar manpower reserves - game sojoji 1,000 dauki a kan wannan shafin jijjiga. karamin gari da aka halitta da soja da kuma iyalansu, tare da kawai titi, kira a matsayin "titi Kurchatov".

A yanke shawarar tsirar sararin sama radar tsarin "Doug ta lambar 1" (kusa da birnin nuclear) da aka soma a kan tushen da gwamnatin yanke shawara daga shekarar 1972, Janairu 18, 1975 da kuma Afrilu 14.

Tuni a shekarar 1976 shi ne mafi muhimmanci radar naúrar saka Duga nuclear-2. Gubar zanen Duga a chernobye-2 ya dogon zangon rediyo SRI (NIIDAR). Babban wahayi da kuma ra'ayoyi Designer Duga ya Kuz'minskii Franz.

gwajin

A farko gwaje-gwaje na nuclear "Dougie" The State hukumar ta sanya a shekarar 1979. Masana sun lura da cewa, a lokacin da ya shirya gwajin, ya warware da dama fasaha matsaloli da cewa sun fito saboda da gabatarwar kaucewa musamman, sabon, irinta kwarewa a duniya kudi.

A lokacin da gwaje-gwaje da aka gano gabatar da na m roka da ballistic makamai masu linzami daga gabashin Amurka makami mai linzami site, binciki adequacy na kayayyaki a kan tushen ganewa na Associated gabatar da na intercontinental Amurka makamai masu linzami.

A daidai wannan lokaci da zane flaws aka gano, wanda ya hada da rashin ingancin ganewa na guda hari da kuma kananan Categories ayyuka. High quality-Duga aiki da aka samu kawai a yanayi na iko naushe da makiya intercontinental da makamai masu linzami zai yiwu.

Bisa ga shawarar da hukumomi na shekarar 1982, a kan May 30, duk da wani aikin sarrafawa, an yarda a cikin wata fitina ci gaba a shekarar 1982. A nuclear Duga.

A wannan lokaci, da kyaun mãsu halittawa daga cikin hadaddun aka bayar Power - Danilov B. M., Vasenev VN Krokunov Yu. M., Dubrovskiy N. F., da sauransu.

matsaloli

Nuclear "Doug" - yana da ban mamaki makaman. Tare da ta aka gina biyu mafi irin gidaje a garuruwan Komsomolsk-on-Amur da Nikolaev. Tare da farkon na aiki na shigarwa sun ƙarin matsaloli. Sai ya juya daga cewa wasu daga cikin aiki mitoci na radar na'urorin da aka hada tare da kama kifi rundunar na'urorin da kuma sufurin jiragen sama ta Turai iko. Tarayyar Soviet ya officious magani daga kasashen yammaci da cewa saituna shafi cikin aminci daga cikin iska jiragen ruwa da kuma shipping kamfanin.

Tarayyar Soviet tafi daidaitawa da kuma amfani tsaya aiki mitoci. Injiniyoyin aiki da aka ƙaddara ya kawar da rashin radar aiki. Designers da masana kimiyya warware shi, kuma a shekarar 1985, bayan da inganci, naúrar fara wuce Gospriomku.

fitarwa

Mutane da yawa tambaya: nuclear "Doug" - abin da ke bãyansu wannan zane? Bayan 1986 chernobyl hatsari ya sãme, Duga cire daga fama Watches da kayan aiki mothballed. Farar hula da kuma soja mazauna aka kwashe daga yankin gurbata da radiation.

Lokacin da soja da kuma Soviet jagoranci gane sikelin da muhalli da bala'i, aka yanke shawarar (a 1987) don cire muhimmanci da kayan aiki da kuma tsarin a cikin hedkwatarsu da na Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

Alal misali, a rare makaman da yayi sarari garkuwa da Soviet kasa ya daina aiki, da kuma birnin da kuma ta kayayyakin da aka manta, kuma watsi.

Fate tashoshin

Nuclear "Doug" - abin da yake da gaske? "Doug" (5N32) - Soviet-sararin sama radar tashar domin gina farkon ganewa na ballistic intercontinental makami mai linzami, abin da aka ce a sama. Akwai a kalla uku irin tashoshin:

• Gwajin hadaddun "Arc-N" Nikolaeva game da 47 ° 02'28 "p. w. 32 ° 11'57 "a. d. HG NW tsara manyan zanen F. A. Kuzminskim. Yana da aka dismantled a 2000.
• A nuclear zone "Arc № 1" (daftarin nuclear-2) 51 ° 18'19 "p. w. 30 ° 03 "57" to. d. HG NW da 51 ° 38 '15 ", p. w. 30 ° 42'10 "to. d. HG NW. Bayan na zamanintar da jihar gwaje-gwaje kasa (1985-1986 shekaru). A shekarar 1986, 26 Afrilu, tsaya saboda da nuclear hatsari. Sashe na daga cikin kayan aiki da aka hawa a Komsomolsk-on-Amur, abin da aka ce a sama.
• A cikin ƙauyen Big Cartel, kusa Komsomolsk-on-Amur 50 ° 53'34 "tare. w. 136 ° 50'12 "a. d. HG NW da 50 ° 23'07 "p. w. 137 ° 19'41 "a. d NW HG -. kawai wanda akayi nufi don siginar liyafar. Ana aikawa da tushe da aka sanya a kusa da Rufe Lian-2. Cire daga fama watch a shekarar 1989, a kan Nuwamba 14 saboda canje-canje a duniya sauyin yanayi. Yau rushe.

zane

A cikin photo nuclear "Doug" dubi magnificently. Yana shi gaba daya m abu to 1980s, tracking na high-tsawo abubuwa a nesa na 900 zuwa 3000 km a circumpolar yankin. Da taimakon yankan-baki da kuma iko a lokacin radar, da soja ya juya waje, a zahiri hankali na kalmar, to duba bayan sararin sama.

Saboda wadannan halaye, wannan hadaddun aka mai suna "Duga 1". Yana da aka halitta da masu zanen kaya da kuma developers: Fil Yefim Kuz'minskii Franz Eter Shustov, V. Shamshin V. Vasiukov.

tsarin

Yarda, kyawawan ban sha'awa ga karatu da bayanin irin nuclear "Dougie." Ta radar sarrafa a cikin mita iyaka 5-28 MHz.

A daidai geometrical sigogi na Duga wuya ga magana. Bayani a fili akwai adabi illogical da yiwu karkatacciyar. Antennas aka sanya a kan manufa da phased tsararru eriya. Tun da irin wannan fadi da mita band, daya eriya ba zoba, dukan girma da aka kasu kashi biyu, da kuma eriya iri-iri kuma same biyu:

• High-mita eriya nuclear "Arc" yana da tsawon 250 m da 100 m ga tsawo. A cikin maps of ta tsawon shi ne 230 m.
• Low-mita eriya :. Height na masts 135 zuwa 150 m, da tsawon - daga 300 zuwa 500 m The maps ta tsawon shi ne 460 m.

Tare da wadannan sigogi, da zane ne a bayyane daga kusan ko'ina a chernobye wariya yankin. Kusa da tashar da aka located yada ionospheric-sama "Circle," wanda shi ne wani karin for Duga, kuma domin samar na yanzu data a kan nassi na igiyoyin rediyo, iya matsawa tsakanin su, da mita zabi mafi kyau duka sikelin.

Nuclear "Arc" radar kawai aka yi nufi ga sami sakonni. Broadcasting cibiyar aka located kusa da kauyen na Rassudovo 60 km daga nuclear-2 kusa da garin Ljubech (Chernihiv yankin). Ana aikawa da antennas an ma yi a kan manufa da phased tsararru eriya kuma suna da karami girma: su tsawo da aka daidaita zuwa 85 m B / h, bisa ga E. Shevchenko, an narkar da a shekara ta 1988 shekara ..

Complete ƙulli daga nuclear-2 more rayuwa hedkwatarsu da aka ba nan da nan da za'ayi: aikin da aka dakatar har shekarar 1987. Amma shi nan da nan ya bayyana cewa, a cikin yanayi na rarrabuwa ba shi yiwuwa a yi aiki da zone. Duga asali raka'a aka dismantled da kuma cire.

ban sha'awa facts

A tsawo na nuclear "Dougie" dũkan kowane. A kan wannan batu da fim The Russian woodpecker aka yin fim, a 2015, wanda shi ne domin mafi kyau waje shirin gaskiya fim festival "Sundance" aka bayar da babban juri.

Domin hankula sauti a ether (samar a lokacin da buga), "Doug," ya fara kiran Rasha woodpecker ( "Rasha woodpecker").

"Rasha woodpecker"

Saboda haka, ka riga san cewa da tsawo na nuclear "Dougie" yana da nauyi ƙwarai. Da farko electromagnetic watsa shirye-shiryen da wannan abu ya fara a shekara ta 1976, a ranar 4 ga watan Yuli. Su ƙeta a duniya a rediyo kewayon 3 zuwa 30 MHz. Hatsaisai rarraba a kan jinkiri na daya cikin goma na biyu ne. Signal rajista da aka za'ayi ba kawai na musamman kayan aiki da ya ji a wani sauki transistor matsayin da faɗakarwar ƙwanƙwasawa.

A ƙasashe da dama a duniya a "Rasha woodpecker" yi ruwa dubban gunaguni daga talakawa mai son radio aiki da kuma kamfanonin. Tun da "Arc" buga a mitoci cewa kasance a karkashin kariya na kasa da kasa da yarjejeniyar ga farar hula amfani, da mahukuntan Amurka, Canada da kuma Birtaniya sun ayyana Tarayyar Soviet sun nuna rashin amincewa. Amma Tarayyar Soviet ba yarda ko da cewa, "woodpecker" wanzu.

Duniya Association of rediyo yan koyo ko da kokarin kashe da "Rasha woodpecker" da kokarin watsa shirye-shirye rectangular zangarniya a gaban a kan wannan mita zama mai hana woodpecker transistor Tarayyar Soviet. Amma duk da haka wannan yunkurin ya ci tura.

A nada "Rasha woodpecker" mutane suka fara yin daban-daban balanci zato. Saboda haka, ko da manyan jami'an kasar sun dauke hankali iko ka'idar. Daya daga cikin masana na ma'aikatar tsaron kasar ya bayyana cewa, alama "Rasha woodpecker" shi ne ya fi kowa iko tushen electromagnetic radiation cewa an taba halitta ta mutum. Yayi ikirarin cewa wannan tushen psychoactive, tun da shi yana da miliyan 40 watts da kuma 10 hatsaisai da na biyu. Ya ganin darajarsa da cewa wannan makamashi ne radiated daga Tarayyar Soviet da kuma permeates kome a Amurka. Shtatovskih hukumar sadarwa ta bincike da za'ayi a shekara ta 1988 da kuma, a karshen, sami hakikanin manufar da 'baka'.

binciken

Sauran yiwu effects na aikin "Rasha woodpecker" da canje-canje a cikin yanayin to m effects a kan sani na talakawa rayayye karatu Yammacin hukumomin leken asiri, tsanani nazarin "baka" kamar yadda gwajin makamai Tarayyar Soviet. Wadannan shiriritar aka zurufi, kamar yadda an riga an bincikar a da dama m rinjayar magnetoelectric radiation shekaru da yawa.

Alal misali, a kimiyyar Tesla a cikin farkon karni na gudanar da wani gwaji wayaba aika da wutar lantarki, saboda abin da na samar da wutar lantarki da aka lalace da kuma daruruwan gandun daji gobara sun faru saboda wani hadiri. A "Spekyula" mujallar binciken bayanan da aka wallafa cewa gano cewa wasu mita magneto sakonni za a iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar da ƙasa.

Iya shiga a cikin ta surface a wani kwana na 30 digiri, su ne mai zurfi, a cikin ƙasa form tsaye taguwar ruwa da ake kafa tare da taguwar ruwa jefarwa da ja-zafi core na duniya. Saboda wannan zai iya bayyana yanayi hadari da girgizar kasa.

A cewar rahotanni, da Norwegians sun kafa wani iko radio station, magnetoelectric radiation wanda zai iya bayar da Yunƙurin zuwa ionosphere maras mike mamaki cewa impede da al'ada aiki na nodes "Dougie."

Wani fannin bincike ya kasance abu na watsa sakonnin da ta shafi mutum psyche.

nuances

Construction na tashar kusa da nuclear nukiliya ikon shuka ya bayyana a gare ta da ban sha'awa makamashi content. Data daga "nuclear-2" kullum tsunduma a cikin umurnin tashar, yayin da a kan yi fama da taƙawa cikakken fledged abu taba zama: doorman tsaya kuma yi aiki a kusa da nan kowane lokaci. Ciki har da masana da masu bincike.

A shafin a farkon shekarun 1990s wuta ya faru, saboda abin da tushe daina ta aiki a farkon gargadi tsarin.

A farko gwajin sakamakon nuclear tashar a cikin shugabanci na bugun jini-arewacin hanyoyi kasance m. Saboda gaban iyakacin duniya iyakoki, tsawwala ionospheric disturbances da kuma sauran m yanayi a iyakacin duniya da kuma na iyakacin duniya yankuna na yiwuwar samun ganowa makami mai linzami gabatar da aka sosai kananan. A wannan connection, da kumburi "Ljubech-1" Koma rework. A da shi da aka za'ayi da ake kira lapping "iyakacin duniya" shirin. Developers sun bayar da hujjar cewa karewa aiki da sakamakon kasance tabbatacce.

Af, sarrafa kwamfuta da ƙungiyar da 1S31G cipher. Computer K-340A for sarrafa siginar da samar da mai hankali aka gyara. Transmission kayan aiki nufi ga na'ura-gini shuka a Dnipropetrovsk, kuma kunshi 26 tashoshin rediyo, girman kowanne daga abin da ya da wani biyu-storey gidan.

fim

Mun riga mun ambata a sama da aka yi game da nuclear "Doug" Doc. fim. Sa mamaki fim "Rasha woodpecker" ne kishin da gudanar da bincike na madadin na nuclear hadarin da ya faru a shekarar 1986, a kan Afrilu 26. Its darektan ne American Chadi wa Gracia. A protagonist na zanen artist Fedor Aleksandrovich, nazarin da Soviet totalitarian tsarin, ya tabbatar da cewa wannan hatsarin mota ya ba mai haɗari.

Amfani bayanai a cikin fim da yawa - da kyau, daya daga cikin tambayoyi ce shirya da nuclear hatsari iya kowa daga cikin ma'aikatan da dama hanyoyi daban-daban.