Mene ne sakamakon da shekara ɗari War (1337-1453)? Shekara ɗari War: nĩsantar da kuma effects

Abin da zai iya zama mafi muni fiye da yaki, a lokacin da bukatun da 'yan siyasa da kuma ikon da dubban daruruwan mutane mutu Haves. Kuma da mafi munin doguwar soja rikici, a lokacin da mutane koyi su rayu cikin yanayi inda mutuwa iya cimma su a kowane lokaci, da kuma rayuwar mutum yana da wani darajar. Irin wannan shi ne shekara ɗari War, dalilai, saukarwa, sakamakon da tarihin rayuwa da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya cancanci m shawara.

dalilai

Kafin ka yi nazarin, abin da suka ga sakamakon da shekara ɗari War, kamata fahimta ta gabatarwa. Yana duk fara da cewa 'ya'yan Faransa Sarki Philip na huxu bari wani namiji magaji. A lokaci guda yana da rai da 'yan qasar jikan monarch' yar Isabella - English Korol Eduard Uku, ya zo a kan karaga Ingila a 1328 yana da shekaru 16 da shekaru. Duk da haka, ba ya iya da'awar gadon sarautar Faransa, bisa ga Salic Law. Saboda haka, a France sarauta daular na Valois a cikin mutum na Philip da Shida, wanda shi ne dan wa na Philip na huxu, da kuma Edward Uku a 1331 aka tilasta kawo masa sujada ga Gascony - Faransa yankin, dauke da sirri dukiya daga Birtaniya wadanada.

A farkon mataki na farko da yaki (1337-1360)

6 shekaru bayan abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana Edward Uku yanke shawarar har yanzu yaƙi domin gadon kaka, da kuma aika wani kalubale ga Philip Shida. Haka abin ya fara da shekara ɗari War, dalilai da kuma sakamakon waxanda suke daga babban sha'awa ga wadanda suka yi nazarin tarihin Turai. Bayan sanarwar yaki, Birtaniya suka kaddamar da wani farmakin a cikin Picardy, a cikin abin da suka dace a kan mutane na Flanders da mulkin gargajiya kudu maso yammacin kananan hukumomi na kasar Faransa.

A cikin farko bayan shekara farkon na amfani da makamai rikici, fadan ya tafi tare da sãɓãwar launukansa nasara, har a 1340 akwai ba wani sojan ruwa yaki a Sluis. A sakamakon nasarar da Turanci Channel aka karkashin su iko, kuma haka ya cigaba har zuwa karshen yakin. Saboda haka, a lokacin rani na 1346, kome zai iya hana dakarun na Edward Uku haye matsatsiyar da kuma kama Caen. Daga can, Birtaniya sojojin da aka bi ta Crécy, inda a kan Agusta 26, sanannen yaƙi, wanda ƙare a cikin wani rabo, da kuma a 1347 da suka ci birnin, ya Calais. A layi daya tare da wadannan abubuwan da aka bar su a baya soja mataki a Scotland. Duk da haka, arziki ya ci gaba da murmushi ga Edward Uku, wanda ya ci da sojojin na mulkin a yakin Neville ta Cross, da kuma shafe da barazana da yaki a kan biyu fronts.

A cutar AIDS na annoba da kuma cikar zaman lafiya a Bretigny

A 1346-1351 shekaru na Turai ziyarci "Black Mutuwa." Wannan cutar AIDS annoba sanadiyar rayukan haka da yawa, akwai iya zama babu tambaya na ci gaba da tashin. The kawai haskaka daga wannan lokaci, sung ballads, ya zama fadan talatin, lokacin da Ingilishi da kuma Faransa Knights da squires halshen wani taro duel, ke kula da dama da ɗari manoma. Bayan karshen annobar Ingila koma ta soja ayyuka, wanda aka yafi directed Black Prince - ne ɗan fari na Edward III. A 1356, ya lashe yakin Poitiers da kuma kama Faransa King John II. Daga baya, a 1360, da Dauphin na Faransa, wanda ya zama Sarki Charles na biyar, sa hannu da ake kira Aminci a Bretigny a sosai unfavorable yanayi.

Saboda haka, sakamakon da shekara ɗari War a mataki na farko kamar haka:

• France aka gaba daya demoralized.
• Ingila samu rabin Brittany, Aquitaine, Poitiers, Calais, kuma kusan rabin na talakansa mallaka na abokan gaba, watau, John II rasa iko a kan na uku na yankin.
• Eduard uku gudanar a ranar da kansa madadin kuma a madadin daga cikin zuriyarsu ba sa da'awar zuwa gadon kaka.
• na biyu ɗan Yahaya II - Lyudovik Anzhuysky - aka aika zuwa London a matsayin garkuwa da su a musanya ga koma Faransa mahaifinsa.

A zaman lafiya tsakanin shekara 1360 zuwa 1369

Bayan da lõkacin fatara daga tashin, mutanen kasashen da hannu a cikin rikicin, samu wani hutu da cewa dade 9 shekaru. A wannan lokaci, sai ya gudu daga Ingila Lyudovik Anzhuysky, da kuma mahaifinsa, kasancewa a jarumi, ya na magana, ya shiga son rai bauta, inda ya rasu. Bayan mutuwar sa, ya hau zuwa kursiyin Faransa, Charles V, wanda a cikin 1369 da ƙarya zargi Burtaniya da keta yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da kuma sake maido da ayyukan soji a kansu.

biyu kafa

Yawancin lokaci, wadanda suka yi nazarin ci gaba da kuma sakamakon da shekara ɗari da 'War, ne halin da tazarar lokaci tsakanin 1369 da kuma 1396 shekaru, kamar yadda wani jerin m fadace-fadace, wanda a Bugu da kari ga babban mahalarta aka kuma da hannu a cikin mulkin Castile, Portugal da kuma Scotland. A wannan lokacin, akwai da wadannan gagarumin events:

• a 1370, a Castile da taimakon Faransa zo ikon, Enrique II, wanda ya zama m aminci ally.
• bayan shekaru biyu, ya aka saki a Poitiers.
• a 1372 a yakin La Rochelle, da Franco-Castilian jiragen ruwa ya ci hada Birtaniya rundujar soja masu dawaki.
• 4 shekaru mutu Black Prince.
• a 1377 Edward mutu da uku, da kuma a kan gadon sarautar Ingila, Richard da qananan biyu;
• daga 1392 at Sarkin Faransa ãyõyin hauka fara da za a lura.
• Shekaru hudu bayan an tsaida wutar yaƙi da aka kammala, ya sa a frazzled adawar.

Tsagaita wuta (1396-1415)

Lokacin da hauka Sarki Charles na Shida A bayyane ga kowa da kowa a kasar ya fara internecine jayayya, a cikin abin da jam'iyyar lashe Armagnac. A halin da ake ciki ya kasance babu kyau a Ingila, ya shiga wani sabon yaki da Scotland, wanda ya kamata ya pacify da 'yan tawayen na Ireland da kuma Wales. Bugu da kari, akwai hambararren Richard II, Henry IV kuma yi mulki a kan kursiyin, da kuma sai dansa. Saboda haka, har zuwa 1415, kasashen biyu sun kasa ci gaba da yaki, kuma sun kasance a Jihar m fahimtar juna.

The uku lokaci (1415-1428)

Wadanda suka yi nazarin hanya da kuma sakamakon da shekara ɗari War, shi ne yawanci mafi ban sha'awa taron kira fitowan da irin wannan tarihi da sabon abu a matsayin jarumi mace wanda zai zama shugaban sojojin mulkin gargajiya Knights. Muna magana ne game Joan na Arc, wanda aka haifa a 1412, a kan samuwar hali ne ƙwarai ya rinjayi aukuwa a cikin 1415-1428 shekaru. Historical kimiyya ya wadãtu da wannan lokaci, da uku mataki na shekara ɗari War, da kuma matsayin key karin bayanai da wadannan abubuwan da suka faru:

• Battle of Agincourt a 1415, wanda ya lashe Henry na biyar.
• sanya hannu na kwangila a Troyes, bisa ga abin da hauka Korol Karl VI ayyana wanda zai gaje shi Sarkin Ingila.
• Birtaniya kama daga Paris a 1421.
• mutuwar Henry na biyar, da kuma sanarwar ta shekara-tsohon ɗan sarki na Ingila da Faransa.
• ci tsohon Dauphin Charles, wanda wani gagarumin rabo daga Faransa dauke da rightful sarki, a yakin cravant.
• English, yaƙi ya kewaye ta Orleans, wanda ya fara a 1428, a lokacin da duniya na farko ji sunan Joan na Arc.

A karshen yaki (1428-1453)

City na Orleans da babban dabarun muhimmancin. Idan Birtaniya gudanar ya kama shi, da amsar tambayar "abin da su ne sakamakon da shekara ɗari da 'War" dã ya kasance sosai daban-daban, da kuma Faransa iya ko rasa samun' yancin kai. Abin farin ga kasar, shi da aka saukar da yarinya, ya kira kansa Jeanne Virgin. Ta zo da Dauphin Charles a watan Maris 1429 ya sanar da cewa Ubangiji ya umarce ta ta tsaya a kai na sojojin Faransa, da kuma dauke da kewaye na Orleans. Bayan jerin tambayoyi da kuma gwaje-gwaje Karl ĩmãni ta kuma nada kwamandan dakarun shi. A sakamakon haka, May 8 Orleans an ceto, Yuni 18, sojojin ci sojojin Joan da Turanci a Battle of Pathé, da kuma 29 ga watan Yuni a nema da budurwa na Orleans, suka fara "zubar da jini yakin" dauphin zuwa Reims. Akwai, ya aka lashe a matsayin Charles na Bakwai, amma jim kadan bayan haka tsaya ya saurari shawarar da warrior.

Shekaru da dama daga baya, Jeanne aka kama da Burgundians, suka shige cikin Turanci yarinya, da kuma na ta kashe a kan zargin da karkatacciyar koyarwa da kuma bautar gumaka. Duk da haka, sakamakon da shekara ɗari da 'War ya kasance mai foregone ƙarshe, har ma da mutuwa da budurwa na Orleans iya hana kwata' yanci na Faransa. Last yaƙi a cikin wannan yaki da aka yakin Castillon a 1453, lokacin da Burtaniya rasa Gascony nasa ne su fiye da 250 shekaru.

A sakamakon shekara ɗari 'War (1337-1453)

A sakamakon da doguwar makamai rikici mezhdinasticheskogo Ingila rasa duk ta nahiyar yankuna a Faransa, ya bar kawai da tashar jiragen ruwa na Calais. Bugu da kari, a mayar da martani ga wata tambaya game da abin da sakamako na shekara ɗari 'War, a fagen tarihi na soji da masana amsa da cewa a cikin sakamakon, halin ya canja hanyoyin da yaƙi, kazalika da sabon makamin da aka halitta.

A sakamakon da shekara ɗari da 'War

Makamantan bayanai na amfani da makamai rikici m dangantakar Burtaniya da Faransa a cikin karni gaba. A musamman, har zuwa 1801 Birtaniya sa'an nan da wadanada na Burtaniya ta haifa da lakabi na sarakunan Faransa, wanda a wani hanya da gudummawar da kafa dangantakar abokantaka.

Yanzu ka san a lokacin da ya yi shekara ɗari War, dalilai, ba shakka, da kuma sakamako na da muradi protagonists wanda kusan 6 ƙarni ne batu na da yawa masana tarihi.