Moscow Grand Princess Sophia Palaeologus kuma da rawar a tarihi

Wannan mace aka yaba da yawa muhimmanci gwamnatin ayyukan. Mene ne haka na ƙwarai domin Sofya Paleolog? Ban sha'awa facts game da shi, kazalika da sada bayanai da aka tattara a cikin wannan labarin.

bayar da Cardinal

A Moscow a watan Fabrairu 1469 zo da jakadan na Cardinal Vissarion. Ya mika wasika ga Grand Duke tare da wani tsari don aure Sofia, 'yar Theodore I, despot Yadav. Ba zato ba tsammani, a cikin wannan wasika, da kuma shi ya ce cewa Sofiya Paleolog (real name - Zoe, an yanke shawarar zuwa maye gurbin Orthodox diplomasiyya dalilai) riga lashe ƙi biyu suitors zuwa woo ta. A da Duke na Milan da kuma Faransa sarki. Gaskiyar cewa Sophia ba ya so ya auri Katolika.

Sofia Palaeologus (ba shakka, da photo na ta, ba su sami, amma hotuna aka gabatar a wannan labarin), bisa ga ideas na cewa m lokaci, ya ba matasa. Duk da haka, ta kasance har yanzu sosai m. Ta kasance ma'ana, da kyau sosai idanu, kazalika da Matte m fata cewa aka dauke a Rasha alamar lafiya mai kyau. Bayan da amarya daban-daban labarin da kaifi hankali.

Wane ne Sofia Fominichna Paleologos?

Sophia Fominichna - yar dangi na Constantine XI Palaeologus, na karshe sarki na Rum. Tun 1472 ita matar Ivan III. Mahaifinta ya Foma Paleolog, suka gudu tare da iyalansa zuwa Roma a 1453, bayan da Turks nasara da Konstantinoful. Sofya Paleolog rayu bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a kula da babban Paparoma. Domin wasu dalilai mabambanta, ya so ya aure ta don Ivan III, widowed a 1467. Ya ce eh.

Sofia Palaeologus haifi wani yaro a 1479, wanda daga baya ya zama Vasily III Ivanovich. Bugu da kari, shi ya sanya ad Basil Grand Duke, a wuri wanda ya dauki Dmitry, jikan Ivan III, ya lashe tsar. Ivan III aure Sophia amfani karfafa Rasha a cikin kasa da kasa fagen fama.

Icon "Yabo sama" da kuma siffar Michael III

Sofia Palaeologus, Grand Duchess na Moscow, ya kawo da yawa Orthodox gumaka. An yi imani da cewa daya daga cikinsu shi ne, kuma icon "Yabo sama", wani m image na Uwar Allah. Ta kasance a cikin Kremlin ta Mala'iku Cathedral. Duk da haka, bisa ga wani hadisi, relic aka koma daga Konstantinoful zuwa Smolensk, da kuma lokacin da karshen mamaye Lithuania, wannan icon aka albarka aure Sofyu Vitovtovnu, gimbiya a lokacin da ta yi aure Vasili I, Prince na Moscow. Hoton da cewa shi ne a yanzu a cikin coci, shi ne jerin tsoho icons, sanya a cikin marigayi 17th karni ta domin na Fedor Alekseevich (hoton da ke ƙasa). Muscovites al'ada kawo fitila mai da kuma ruwa ga wannan gunki. An yi imani da cewa su suna cike da warkar Properties, saboda image ya warkar da iko. Wannan icon ne yanzu daya daga cikin mafi girmamawa a cikin kasar.

A cikin Mala'iku Cathedral bayan bikin aure na Ivan III ma ya bayyana wani hoton da Michael III, Byzantine Sarkin sarakuna, wanda shi ne ya kafa wata daular Palaeologus. Saboda haka, bayar da hujjar cewa Moscow ne magaji zuwa Byzantine Empire, da shugabanni na Rasha - magada na Byzantine sarakuna.

A haihuwa na dogon-jiran magaji

Bayan Sofiya Paleolog, na biyu matar Ivan III, ya aure to shi a ɗauka cewa Cathedral, da kuma zama matarsa, ta fara tunani game da yadda za a sami tasiri da kuma yin real sarauniya. Palaeologus gane cewa wannan ya kamata gabatar da kyauta ga yarima, wanda zai yi shi kadai: ba ta haifi ɗa, wanda zai zama magajin zuwa kursiyin. Abin baƙin ciki Sophia, shi ne na farko-haife yar, wanda ya mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa. A shekara daga baya da yarinya da aka haife sake, kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu. Sofia Palaeologus kuka, ya yi addu'a ga Allah ba ta magaji, bada fitar da handfuls sadaka matalauta, bayar da zuwa cikin haikalin. Bayan wani lokaci, Uwar Allah ya ji tana addu'a - Sofia Palaeologus ta sāke yin ciki.

Ta biography karshe an alama da dogon-jiran taron. Shi ya faru a kan Maris 25, 1479 at 8 pm, kamar yadda ya bayyana a cikin daya daga cikin Moscow tarihin. Ɗan. Yana da aka mai suna Vasiliem Pariyskim. Yaron da aka yi masa baftisma Vasiyan, Rostov Akbishop, Sergiev sufi.

Wannan tare da kawo Sophia

Sofia gudanar ya qarfafa wani abu da aka masoyi ga ta kansa, da kuma cewa yaba da gane a Moscow. Ta kawo tare da ta kwastan da kuma hadisai na Byzantine kotu, da girman kai na da kansa asalin, kazalika da takaici, saboda ta na da aure a tributary da Mongol-Tatars. Wuya Sofia na son sauki daga halin da ake ciki a birnin Moscow, kazalika da yanci dangantakar cewa rinjaye a lokacin da kotu. Ivan III kansa aka tilasta saurare reproachful magana daga recalcitrant boyars. Duk da haka, a cikin babban birnin kasar da kuma ba tare da shi, da yawa za su so su canja tsohon domin ba m da arziki na Muscovite sarki. Kuma matar Ivan III da Helenawa, ya kawo shi, kuma suka ga Roman, Byzantine da rai, zai iya ba da Rasha m shiriya a kan yadda samfurori da kuma yadda za a yi duk so canje-canje.

rinjayar Sofia

Wife of Prince ba zai iya ƙaryatãwa game da tasiri a kan Backstage rai na kotu kuma ta ado yanayi. Ta basira gina dangantakar mutum, ta bai sarrafa zuwa cikakken kotu mãkirci. Duk da haka, da siyasa, Paleologos iya kawai amsa shawarwari cewa echoed m, kuma m tunani na Ivan III. Musamman bayyana shi ne tunanin cewa mata aure Princess sa karba Muscovite shugabanni na Byzantine sarakuna da maslahohin da Orthodox Gabas, rike da baya. Saboda haka, Sofyu Paleolog a babban birnin kasar na Rasha jihar mai daraja, yafi a matsayin Byzantine gimbiya, amma ba kamar yadda mai girma Moscow gimbiya. An gane ta kasance. Kamar yadda Princess Sophia dadin da hakkin ya yarda da waje ofisoshin jakadancin a Moscow. Saboda haka, aure na ta Ivan ya da wani irin siyasa zanga-zanga. A duniya, shi aka bayyana da cewa magajin ga Byzantine gidaje, auku jim kadan kafin, sarki hakkin canjawa wuri shi zuwa Moscow, wanda ya zama sabon Konstantinoful. A nan, ta hannun jari da wadannan hakkoki da mijinki.

Kremlin maimaitawa, da kifar da Tartar karkiya

Ivan ji sabon matsayi a cikin kasa da kasa fagen fama, ya samu mummuna da kuma cramped tsohon Kremlin yanayi. Daga Italiya, bi da gimbiya, ta dakatar maye. Sun gina a shafin na katako, mawaka na da faceted bẽne, ɗauka cewa Cathedral (Vasiliya Blazhennogo), da kuma wani sabon dutse fadar. A Kremlin a wannan lokaci ya fara wind up a cikin kotun na wani m da kuma rikitarwa bikin, rahotanni na rayuwa a Moscow girman kai da kuma stiffness. Kamar dai a gidansa, Ivan III fara magana, da kuma a waje dangantakar mafi kauri Gait. Musamman a lokacin da Tatar karkiya ba tare da wani yaki, kamar yadda yake a kanta, shi ya fãɗo daga kafaɗarsa. Kuma shi gravitated kusan ƙarni biyu bisa dukan arewa-maso-gabashin Rus '(daga 1238 zuwa 1480 shekara). A sabon harshe ne mafi kauri, ya bayyana a wannan lokacin a cikin gwamnatin, musamman diplomasiyya. Daya samun lush terminology.

Rawar da Sophia a kifar da Tartar karkiya

Palaeologus a Moscow bai so ga rinjayar exerted da shi a kan Grand Duke, kazalika da canje-canje a cikin rayuwar Moscow - "babban tashin" (a cikin kalmomi na Boyar Bersen-Beklemisheva). Sophia baki ba kawai a cikin gida amma kuma a harkokin wajen kasar. Ta bukaci Ivan III ki biya haraji ga taro Khan da kuma karshe warware daga ikonsa. Gwani shawara Palaeologus, kamar yadda evidenced da VO Klyuchevskii, ko da yaushe saduwa da mijinta ta nufi. Saboda haka, ya ƙi biya haraji. Ivan III niƙe Khan ta harafi to Zamoskovreche a kan Ordynsky yadi. Daga baya a kan wannan wuri Transfiguration Church aka gina. Duk da haka, da mutane sannan kuma da "¡uraishi" a kan Palaeologus. Kafin Ivan III da aka saki a 1480 zuwa babban tsaye a kan Ugra, ya aika zuwa Beloozero matarsa da 'ya'yansa. A lokacin da batutuwa dangana da Sarkin sarakuna bane ya daina ikon a cikin taron cewa Moscow zai dauki Khan Akhmat, da kuma gudu tare da matarsa.

"Duma" da kuma canji a lura da ƙasa da,

Ivan III na, da warware daga karkiyar, to ji a karshe sarki monarch. A fadar Da'a kokarin Sophia fara kama wani Byzantine. The prince sanya matarsa "kyauta" by Ivan III Palaeologus yarda da tattara daga membobin nasa ayarinsa "Duma" da kuma rike a cikin rabin "diplomasiyya receptions." Princess na'am da jakadun} asashen waje da kuma ladabi yi magana da su. Shi ne wani sabon abu unprecedented ga Rasha. [Aukaka {ara a kotu na sarki kuma canza.

Sofia Palaeologus matar fito da sarki hakkoki da abubuwan da dama da Byzantine kursiyin, kamar yadda muka gani da F. Uspensky, a tarihi wanda ya yi karatu wannan lokaci. Boyars yi karo da shi. Ivan III farko kaunace shawara da shike, amma a Sofia ya matuƙa, canza lura da su kotu. Ivan ya fara rike unassailable, sauƙi fusatar da, sau da yawa hõre wulãkanci, m musamman game da shi. Duk wannan tsautsayi jita-jita kuma dangana ga tasirin Sofi Paleolog.

A gwagwarmayar da kursiyin

Ta aka caje a take hakkin jere. Makiya a 1497, sun shaidawa sarkin cewa Sofia Palaeologus ta himmatu ga su kashe shi da guba ya jikan sa da nasa dan a kan kursiyin cewa ta kai ziyara a asirce shirya wani m potion mayya ne ake nufi da wannan hadin kai da kuma Basil kansa. Ivan III a kan wannan batu ya dauki gefe ya jikan. Ya aka yi umurni da shi har ya nutsar da a Moscow River mayya, kama Vasily da matarsa cire daga kansa, pointedly aiwatar da dama mambobi ne na "Duma" Palaeologus. A 1498, Ivan III da aka lashe a ɗauka cewa Cathedral of Dmitry a matsayin magaji zuwa kursiyin.

Duk da haka, Sophia yana cikin jini ta ikon kotu mãkirci. Ta zargi Elenu Voloshanku ta sadaukar da karkatacciyar koyarwa da kuma ya iya sauke shi. Grand Duke sa kunya to ya jikan kuma 'ya mace, da kuma kira Basil a 1500 da rightful magaji zuwa kursiyin.

Sofya Paleolog: rawa a tarihin

Aure Sofi Paleolog da kuma Ivan III, ba shakka, ƙarfafa Muscovite jihar. Ya gudummawar da canji a cikin Uku Roma. Sofia Palaeologus rayu fiye da shekaru 30 a Rasha, bayan ya yi haihuwa zuwa 12 yara mijinta. Duk da haka, ba ta sarrafa zuwa cikakken fahimta} asar waje, ta dokokin da hadisai. Ko da a cikin aikin hukuma tarihin hadu rikodin Allah wadai da hali a wasu yanayi, da wuya ga kasar.

Sofia janyo hankalin Rasha babban birnin kasar gine-ginen da sauran artists, kazalika da likitoci. Halittar Italian gine-ginen yi ba na baya zuwa Moscow da girman da kyau na manya na Turai. Wannan ya taimaka ƙarfafa girma na Moscow Jihar jaddada ci gaba da Rasha babban birnin kasar na biyu Roma.

mutuwa na Sofia

Sophia mutu a Moscow a kan Agusta 7, 1503 Yana aka binne shi a Hawan Yesu zuwa sama sufi na Moscow Kremlin. A Disamba 1994, dangane da canja wurin da Mala'iku Cathedral of ragowar sarki da sarakunansa da matan 'SA Nikitin kiyaye kwanyar da Sofia kõma ta sculptural hoto (hoton sama). Yanzu za mu iya ma kamar tunanin kama Sofya Paleolog. Ban sha'awa facts da kuma sada rubutu game da ita suna da yawa. Mun yi kokari don zaɓar mafi muhimmanci, lissafin kudi don wannan labarin.