Biography Ivana Susanina da historiography na batun

Wannan mutumin sunansa ne da aka sani zuwa ga kowa da kowa a yau, da m dalibi. Biography Ivana Susanina hade da farko tare da shahararrun feat, godiya ga wanda Ya tsĩrar rayuwar Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich. Eh, muna magana ne game da abubuwan da suka faru na Yaren mutanen Poland invaders, kuma wanda kowane daga cikin mu a kalla sau daya, amma sun ji a cikin raina. Shi ne da biography Ivana Susanina, kuma zai kasance da mayar da hankali na wannan labarin. Kazalika da matsaloli hade tare da ta maida.

Ivan Susanin. Biography: a takaice

Wannan manomi aka haife shi a kauyen Alƙaryu. Game da shekaru, masu bincike sun ba kai ijma'i. Wasu jayayya da cewa ya kasance 30-35 years old, da sauran - da cewa yana cikin tsufansa.

A cewar unconfirmed labari, in winter 1612, lokacin da wani gagarumin rabo daga nan mulkin Moscow aka shagaltar da sojojin na Commonwealth, da baƙauye Ivan Susanin aka hayar a cikin sabis na wani detachment na Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian sojojin. Zai kasance mai shiryarwa a kauyen Domnino, wanda ya sa'an nan har yanzu matasa Rasha Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. Duk da haka, da baƙauye ya yaudare da invaders, ya koya musu hanyar bata. Ya jagoranci Dogayen sanda a gaban shugabanci, zuwa ga kauyen Isupova, kuma Domnino aika da nasa dan-a tare da labarai na game da hadari (ambatar zyate kuma ya sa masana tarihi da ra'ayin na fara tasawa gwarzo).

Lokacin da zamba da aka gano, Ivan Susanin aka gilla azabtarwa, amma da gwarzo kuma bai ba da wuri daga cikin matasa sarki. Domin wannan, ya za a yanke a kananan guda, sauran har abada a cikin gandun daji. A nan, in general, kuma duk da bayanai samuwa ga biography Ivana Susanina.

Mun sa a gaba da version cewa shi ya kasance wani serf na mallaki gidaje Shestov. Wasu masu bincike yi imani cewa wannan mutumin ya ba talakawa manomi da kuma kauyen shugaba.

Biography Ivana Susanina da ya shafi tambaya na historiography

Kuma a nan shi dai itace cewa ba haka ba ne mai sauki. Yawancin masana tarihi ba musamman wuya dawo da tarihin rayuwa fiye ko žasa da sanannun Figures na zamani zamanin. More rikitarwa abubuwa da tsaftacewa na baya dazamani taron cikakken bayani, kamar yadda babu takardu ko kayan shaida a isa yawa, kamar yadda mai mulkin, bai tsira. Kuma Ivan Susanin ya ba wani muhimmin mutum.

Yau, za mu iya sake gina abubuwan da suka faru na rayuwar na da sarakuna da generals gwada su da garambawul kokari, soja kamfen da kuma sauran ayyukan, za su bar wata alama a tarihi. Amma wanda a karshen na XVI karni sha'awar mutum manoma? Quite lokaci mai tsawo da kawai daftarin aiki wanda ya ambaci sunan Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich wani diploma. A da shi ya koma ga Ivan Susanin, a takaice dai biography na mutum, kazalika da janar bayanin nasara. A takarda ne kwanan rana 1619 shekara. A daidai wannan lokaci shi aka mika wa zumunta na gwarzo. Akwai sauran, mafi kwanan nan haruffa, amma sun kawai maimaita na farko da rubutu, ba tare da ƙara wani abu sabon.

Sha'awa, da siffar da tasbihinsa na baƙauye fara kawai a farkon na XIX karni. Mawaki Sergei Glinka, tarihi da kuma marubuci Dmitry Kamensky Bantysh-sani kasida daga cikin lokaci da aka bayyana shi a cikin rubuce-rubucen a matsayin gaskiya ceto na Rasha tsar da kasa gwarzo.

Duk da haka, a yawan ma'aikatan da fallasa kuma kunyi shakka ko da gaskiyar Susanin ta hali. Daya daga cikin wadannan shakka, misali, wani Rasha tarihi Nikolai Karamzin.

Gaskiyar cewa da irin wannan "Susanin" mãkirci aka sani, kuma a lokacin yaki, abin da yake Bogdan Khmelnitsky. Sai Ukrainian Cossack Nikita Galagan fara Polish gentry a impenetrable Jungle, ta haka ne tabbatar da nasara ga sojojinsa a cikin yakin Korsun a 1648. An yi imani da cewa labari na Ivan Susanin aka yi wahayi zuwa wannan episode.

Duk da haka, tun da XIX karni Mai rinjãya halittar image cewa mun san a yau. Susanin fara ke e waqe, taka, litattafan da wasan kwaikwayo. Ya kuwa tafi wani wuri na girmamawa a cikin ayyukan shahara artists: Ryleeva Field, Glinka.

A 1838, a umurnin da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I, Rasha ta farko tunawa zuwa Susanin an tashe shi. Saboda haka, ya zauna a cikin abu wulakantacce for ƙarni biyu bayan m feat manomi ya riga ya zama farkon XX karni, a real kasa gwarzo.