Mene ne thallus? Thallus ilimin halittar jiki da kuma aiki

Idan muka dubi jiki na sama da iri shuke-shuke da kuma algae na kowane irin, za ka lura da wani banbanci a cikin tsarin da ilimin halittar jiki. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda evolutionarily ɓullo da haka cewa zamani flowering shuke-shuke ne yafi hakan tsari, fiye gaskiya algae. Babban bambancin da yake a cikin tsarin da jiki, wanda a algae da sauran kwayoyin da aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na thallus.

Mene ne thallus?

Mafi zamani nau'i na algae ne sosai bambancin, saboda da sauki halitta na jiki, wanda yake a cikin tsarin juyin halitta ya canza kuma ya canza, dangane da yanayi da kuma sauran muhimman muhalli dalilai. A jikin kwayoyin, wanda ba a raba raba aikin m jikinsu da kuma kunshi weakly qware kyallen takarda - wannan thallus. Wannan definition ne ba kawai dace da algae, amma kuma ga wani iri-iri na mosses da lichens duk da wasu fungi.

Thallus ne wani muhimmin alama daga cikin sauki na shuke-shuke da sauran kwayoyin. Yana aiwatar da ayyuka a lokaci daya, wanda ya kasance daga cikin ganye, tushen ko mai tushe dabam a wata mafi m kungiyar.

Saboda haka abin da thallus? Wannan shi ne babban aikin sashi na jiki, wanda shi ne alhakin da girma da kuma haifuwa. Sauki daga kungiyar na wannan tsarin a wasu hanya sanya shi yiwuwa a Master wadanda wuraren, wanda zai ba su iya girma da irin shuke-shuke. A gaban da thallus za a iya kira wani irin amfani.

Bambance-bambance thallus na mafi girma shuke-shuke jiki

Akwai wasu muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance a cikin ilmin jikin mutum da kuma ilimin halittar jiki na jiki tsakanin yanzu spore, iri shuke-shuke, da kuma irin low ci gaba kwayoyin kamar algae, mosses, lichens.

1. Thallus ba raba su da vegetative da generative gabobin, kuma shi ne mai ɗamfarar amorphous jiki, wanda zai iya daukar siffofin daban-daban.
2. A thallus na algae, gansakuka da lichen babu bambantawa a cikin nama. A sosai rare lokuta, mun gani da shaci na mutum kungiyoyin na sel cewa yin irin wannan ayyuka.

Thallus siffofin daban-daban a kwayoyin

Thallus na algae kuma ake kira thallus. Yana iya zama filamentous, farantin, sifonalny, bushy, taso keya, band-dimbin yawa, kibiya-dimbin yawa. Thallus nau'i na wadannan kwayoyin ne quite bambancin, ba kawai a cikin siga amma kuma a cikin launi: tsiren ruwan teku jiki na iya zama kore, launin ruwan kasa, ja, rawaya ko yellow-kore, da launin ruwan kasa.

Lichens ne ma siffofin daban-daban na thallus. Suna iya zama:

1. Crustose: thallus tam Fused tare da substrate a kan wanda shi ke tsiro, sa'an nan jikin lichen ba za a iya raba ba tareda žata tsarin da substrate.
2. Foliated. Su bambanci ta'allaka ne da kananan adadin shaye daga wannan batu na ruwan wukake da cewa ana iya ware daga substrate.
3. Bushy. Suna iya isa manyan masu girma dabam a tsawon, sau da yawa mai kyau da kuma densely branched.

Daga cikin fungi, akwai kuma thalloid siffofin, amma gaban mulkin kungiyoyin na kwayoyin, wanda aka halin da thallus, shi ne banda maimakon mulkin. Domin su, da halayyar da samuwar mycelium jiki.

Kalmar "thallus" ko shi dace a yi amfani a ko'ina?

Ba duk mosses jiki ne mai thallus. Ga 'yan domin hanta da kuma sphagnum mosses thallus halin kusan ba tare da togiya. Bryophyta, wanda sun hada da, misali, Kukushkin flax, har yanzu zuwa kashi sassan. Duk da haka, ba su da gaskiya tushe da kuma ganye, saboda haka suna da kyau kira, bi da bi kaulidiem da Phyllis. Duk da haka, duk da sauki daga kungiyar na da irin wannan jiki, ba za a iya kira thallus.

Mene ne thallus a ilmin halitta, mun sani, kuma sau da yawa ba da misali na algae matsayin ƙananan tsire-tsire. Duk da haka, akwai ban, kamar yadda ba dukkan yan wadannan kwayoyin ne kwayar. A bambanci, masu yawa daga cikinsu unicellular ko mulkin mallaka Tsarin cewa zai karyata kira thallus.

ƙarshe

Mun gani, abin da thallus fiye da shi za a iya wakilta da kuma wanda form daukan. Duk da sauki daga kungiyar na algae, mosses ko lichens, shi ne ya kamata a lura da muhimmancin da thallus a cikin tsarin jikinsu. Saboda wannan halayyar, sun kasance iya Master wannan habitats inda yana da wuya a samu amfani da yawa zamani sosai raya shuke-shuke.

Tull ya aiwatar da ayyuka da cewa su ne muhimmi a cikin al'ada gabobin da flowering shuke-shuke. Yana sauƙi garwaya da ruwa a ko'ina cikin jiki surface, photosynthetic, godiya ga wani musamman pigment. Kuma ta hanyar, da dama algae canza launi - shi ne sakamakon daban-daban photosensitive pigments wanda damar zauna wadannan kwayoyin a daban-daban zurfin, ba tare da tsoma baki da juna a kan aiwatar da haske sha. Wannan abin da mai thallus algae.