Menene hawa (photo)?

Wannan labarin ya bayyana abin da wani hawa fiye da shi ne hankula wannan irin wasanni, kuma musamman aka gani hawa masana'antu.

wasanni

A zamanin yau, babu daya shakka darajar wasanni, kazalika da anfanin ta. Yana inganta ba kawai jiki kiwon lafiya, amma kuma Qarfafa nufin da ruhu na mutum. All ɓullo da m kasashen ba daban-daban wasanni mai yawa da hankali, samar da cikakken goyon bayan da kuma bayar da tasu gudunmuwar ta ci gaba. Idan muka yi la'akari da misali na Rasha, mafi girma darajar da matasa wasanni ilimi biya a Soviet sau. Sa'an nan, a cikin kowane birni ko ƙauye, akwai da dama sassan don dacewa da dukan dandani, da kuma tawagar kasar na Tarayyar Soviet, ya sha nanata lashe kyaututtuka a duniya gasa.

Kakanninmu ma fahimci muhimmancin wasanni da ilimi na matasa, da kuma, mai yiwuwa, mafi ɓullo da yake a Ancient Girka da kuma Roman Empire, inda zuwa wannan rana da kuma kai wasu jinsunan wasanni tarbiyya da kuma gasar Olympics kanta.

Sports, akwai mutane da yawa, kama daga gwada da sauki, tsara don ci gaba da tuna (dara), da kuma kawo karshen tare da wani sosai m, kuma m, misali, hawa. To, abin da hawa, an haife shi kuma abin da ya faru? Wannan shi ne abin da za mu yi magana.

definition

Backpacking kira wasanni, da ma'anar wanda yake shi ne ci na dutse kololuwa. Bugu da kari, da wasanni bangaren shi ne domin shawo daban-daban cikas halitta irin - gorges, ya ƙãrẽwa, cliffs da sauransu. Duk da wannan wahala, kamar yadda mai mulkin, da wuya yanayi da kuma low yanayin zafi. Saboda haka wani lokacin hawa - wannan shi ne mai matukar hatsari zama. Amma duk dogara mana a kan tsarin nan na hanya.

A lokacin wasanni gasa a kan shi da key dalilai a kan abin da kima nuna su ne: tsawo daga saman nasara, da wuya daga cikin hanya, ta tsawon, elapsed lokaci, kuma mafi. Saboda haka a yanzu mun san abin da shi ne hawa.

fitowan

Daban-daban kafofin za a iya samu a daban-daban kwanakin, a lokacin da kafa, wannan wasanni da'a. Amma duk da haka mafi sau da yawa ta asalin ake dangantawa da ci daga cikin mafi girman aya daga cikin Alps, Mont Blanc. Shin wannan likita Michel Packard da jagora Zhak Balma a 1786. Daga baya ya kafa al'amudi, wanda aka located a tsakiyar duniya na hawa dutse - Chamonix. Muna ci gaba da amsa ga tambayar da abin da aka hawa. Yanzu, duk da haka, a kusa look at ma'adanin kuma wasu da bambance-bambancen karatu.

kayan aiki

Kamar yadda muka riga sani, jigon da hawa dutse ne domin shawo wani iri-iri na halitta cikas a cikin duwatsu, kuma yana da ba kawai wani dutse. Wadannan yiwu sosai azumi da kuma zurfin koguna, glaciers, snow, da sauransu. Duk wannan babu makawa take kaiwa zuwa mafi girma hadarin ga 'yan wasa, da kuma for aminci ya kamata ka ko da yaushe tsaya a shirya m tushen a kan kwarewa da past ƙarni na hawa. Saboda haka na farko na dukkan hawa - yana da tsananin riko ga jagororin lafiya. Yanzu, ka yi la'akari da siffofin shawo kan wani cikas.

Rocks

Dabara na shawo kan irin wannan matsalar ne sosai dogara a kan su steepness. Yawancin lokaci rinjaya a kansu, a tare da sauran masu hawa. A ra'ayin shi ne cewa a kalla a zalezaniya sahabbai inshora dutse a tare da juna. Tun hawa - a wasanni halin da ƙãra hadarin, fãce inshora a cikin m Yunƙurin ko kawai da m duwãtsu yawanci ake kira uku-ma'ana, uku daga cikin hudu kuma wata gabar jiki na mutum dole ne qafafunku. A wannan yanayin, da gaggawa halin da ake ciki ko asarar daya daga cikin goyon bayan dan wasa kula da ma'auni sauki.

Idan dutse ne ba sosai m, shi yarda lokaci daya dagawa dukkan mahalarta a cikin bunch. A irin wannan yanayin, wanda ya zo na farko, na zaban hanya don haka da cewa fall na daya daga cikin wasu masu hawa iya rike shi da kwanciya igiyoyi na kankara protrusions.

Lokacin da wani dutse m, ko sosai m, yi amfani da inshora tsarin na karfe hadarurruka cewa an kore a cikin crevices tare da guduma. Idan site yana da wani kaifi duwatsu da zai iya yanka da igiya idan mai hawan duwatsu da dama, da tsarin da aka yi amfani da biyu, kayayyakin igiyoyi.

Idan kana so ka hau da m dutse, a kan abin da akwai cornices, shi ne na musamman igiya ladders ana amfani da wannan manufa.

Dole mu fahimci abin da hawa, da definition na kalmar da kuma daya daga cikin hanyoyi, wanda ake amfani da dagawa. Yanzu la'akari da wasu.

kankara

A duwãtsu, musamman da tsayi sassa daga gare ta, sukan sami glaciers da kankara da dama cewa climbers bukatar a rinjãye su. A saboda wannan dalili, "cat", kankara da gatura, igiya ladders da railings, da sauransu.

Tare da nassi daga cikin gleiser akwai ko da yaushe da hatsarin fadowa cikin wani crevasse, saboda motsi su ne kawai a daure, kullum insuring juna. Idan kankara ne sosai m, sa'an nan kuma amfani da "cat" tare da kankara da gatura, shirya waypoints inshora da 'yan wasa.

snow

Tare da snow duk da mafi sauki. Dangane da jihar amfani ko snow gudun kan. Personal inshora da aka ma ka manta, saboda akwai ko da yaushe hadarin fadowa cikin wani snow crevasse.

style

A lokacin akwai biyu main styles na hawa - mai tsayi kuma Himalayan. Na farko shi ne ya dace domin ba sosai high duwãtsu, shi ne halin da cewa da dawo da ne da za'ayi nan da nan tare da dukan kayan aiki da kuma ba ya nufa a sama ba tare da wani dalili mai kyau.

A Himalayan aka fi amfani da shi ne domin ci na wani dutse mai tsayi ƙwarai, da ake kira guda takwas-thousanders. Its ma'anar ta'allaka ne da cewa a farko hankali samun kwatance, da maki na insurances an magance sansanin da man fetur, da iskan shaqa, abinci. Mafi yawa daga duk shi ya dubi kamar "kewaye" duwãtsu, kuma wani lokacin daukan fiye da wata guda, amma shi ne yin amfani da irin wannan hanyoyin da aka cinye ta da yaki da mafi duwãtsu.

Mene ne m hawa?

Wannan irin hawa da ake amfani da su gudanar da wani aikin a tsawo a da gina gine-gine.

A filin aiki na mai hawan duwatsu sanye take da dagawa wajen da kuma inshora da faduwa daga tsawo. Similar fasahar da ake amfani da shiri ko gyara aikin a cikin wadanda wuraren da ka iya amfani da scaffolding, ladders, dagawa kaya da kuma sauran na'urori. Alal misali, a lõkacin da aiki a kan skyscrapers. Yanzu mun san abin da masana'antu hawa. A hoto a kasa ya nuna wani misali na irin wannan aiki.

Bigiren da hawa ne sosai bambancin - wannan kafuwa, yi, kwanciya da igiyoyi tsakanin high-Yunƙurin gine-gine, gyare-gyare da kuma sauki tabbatarwa wasu fasaha shigarwa ko high-Yunƙurin gine-gine. Alal misali, wanke windows, tsaftacewa da eaves na kankara, snow, zanen da hasumiya, da dai sauransu.

Irin wannan ayyukan ko da tare da inshora har yanzu matukar hatsari, sabili da haka biya kyawawan mai kyau, da kuma ma'aikatan ji dadin daban-daban gata. Amma duk wanda yake so ya zama irin wannan mai mai hawan duwatsu iya ba, ku kawai bukatar kammala wani horo na musamman hanya da kuma samun horo.

A karo na farko da irin wannan hawa bayyana a cikin farkon 30-sx karni na karshe.

Yanzu mun san abin da hawan tudu, da kuma abin da ta iri wanzu. Sport wannan a lokacin ne daya daga cikin rare matsananci.