Mujallar Monomakh a tarihi da kuma zamani

"Kai mai nauyi ne, Cap na Monomakh!" - sau da yawa muna magana, yana magana ne game da nauyin iko ko kowane nauyi. Maganar magana ta sama ita ce damuwa da mutanen da ke zaune a cikin masu sarrafawa. Kodayake ba a sau da yawa wannan magana tana cikin halin da ake ciki ba. Yaya aka bayyana wannan magana na kowa?

Asalin magana

Wannan fassarar tana da takamaiman mawallafi. Ba su zama ba face Alexander Pushkin. Shi ne wanda ya faru a cikin masifar "Boris Godunov" (zangon "Tsar's Chambers", mai magana da yawun Boris Godunov), ya yi amfani da kalmar da aka ambata.

Amma tambayar nan da nan ya taso: menene hatimin Monomakh? Tsarin jumlalin ya shimfiɗa saboda kowa da kowa ya shafi wannan batu tare da iko da alhakin. Duk da haka, ƙwallon Monomakh shine kambi na Moscow tsars, alama ce ta ikon su. Yana da zane-zane mai zane-zane na zinariya wanda aka yi a tsakiyar style Asian. Gilashin tana da fenti mai laushi mai launin shunayya, an yi masa ado tare da lu'u-lu'u, emeralds, rubies kuma an daura shi da gicciye.

Monomakh (rukuni "monotherapist") shine sunan iyali na Byzantine emperors. A zamanin d zamanin, shi da aka sanya wa Kievan Prince Vladimir Vsevolodovich (1053-1225 gg.), Wanda ya jikan Byzantine m Constantine IX Monomakh (1000-1055 gg.). Daga Vladimir Monomakh sun samo irin wadannan sarakunan Muscovite, saboda haka babban kambi ya zama daya daga cikin manyan halayen mulkin mulkin Rasha. Wani muhimmiyar mahimmanci na bikin gadon sarauta shine shigarwa a kan sabon shugaba na Monomakh. An kira wannan bikin "bikin aure akan mulkin."

Duk da haka, a lokacin da Bitrus I ta bikin aure bikin a mulkin ya aka maye gurbinsu da sa kambi bikin. Saboda haka maimakon wani tsaoho sarki kambi fara amfani da kambi na Rasha Empire, wanda aka samar a cikin kotu mai yin kayan ado daidai da Turai hadisai.

Abubuwan da ke da yatsun murwashin raunuka na Monomakh

A cewar labari a cikin karni na 12. Byzantine Sarkin sarakuna Constantine IX gabatar Kiev gwamnan Vladimir Monomachus ce kambin sarauta. Amma masu bincike da dama suna da tabbacin cewa labarin da aka kwatanta shi ne kawai kyakkyawar labari. Bayan haka, Constantine IX ya mutu shekaru 59 kafin zuwan Vladimir Monomakh zuwa kursiyin Kiev. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin masana tarihi sunyi imanin cewa al'adar da aka ambata a cikin farkon karni na 15. Sa'an nan wannan labari ya tabbatar da ci gaba da sarakunan Muscovite daga sarakunan Byzantine. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ya zama tabbaci na ra'ayin cewa Moscow ita ce "Roma ta uku".

A cikin tarihin lamuni na Monomakh an fara ambata a lokacin Ivan Kalita (1283-1341 gg.). A hakikanin gaskiya, bikin auren farko na mulkin tare da tafiya na Monomakh ya faru a 1498. Sa'an nan Moscow Tsar Ivan III ta yi bikin bikin aure na musamman don mulkin dansa Dmitry.

Masana kimiyya sunyi jayayya game da wanda aka yi sanannen sarauta. Wasu sun gaskata cewa masanan Attaura na aiki a kan motar Monomakh. Sauran suna tunanin cewa Larabawan ne suka fara tafiya, wasu kuma sun yi la'akari da shi aikin Bukhar. Har ila yau, akwai ra'ayi cewa an sanya kambi na gaba a Vladimir Vsevolodovich ta Golden Horde Khan Uzbek.