Muscovy da farko shugabannin

A 1147, a karo na farko da aka ambata a cikin tarihin Moscow. A wannan lokaci shi ne Estate na Prince Yuriya Dolgorukogo. A 12th karni, Moscow wani karamin gari-sansanin soja. Akwai shi ne a wancan lokaci da iyaka mulkoki 4: Smolensk, Ryazan, Vladimir kuma Suzdal da Chernigov. Yana da nasa drawbacks. Location a rarrabawa 4 mulkoki sanya ta "thoroughfare" a lokacin da soja kamfen na sarakuna. Saboda haka, da muhimmiyar rawar da aka ba wa ƙarfafa birnin. Saboda haka, a cikin 1156 na yanzu babban birnin na Rasha da aka ƙarfafa tare da sabon katako katangu. By tsakiyar 12th karni, birnin ya zama mafi girma, duk da haka, sun shagaltar da wata ƙasa ba fiye da rabin na yau Kremlin. A wannan lokaci, da Moscow sarauta ya ba m. Yana yana daga cikin Vladimir-Suzdal ƙasar.

Muscovites dauki bangare a cikin internecine yaƙe-yaƙe. A 1170 da suka goyi bayan 'yan'uwa A. Bogolyubsky da Jaropolk mataki don kama su ƙasa. Lokacin da ya koya cewa yaki ya samu halartar Moscow, Yaroslav aka tilasta juya baya. Domin wannan, wadannan shekara, birnin da aka kone su.

A 1238, Moscow da aka halaka ta taro. Duk da haka, duk da wannan, ta ci gaba don a ji dadin suna da wani hadari gefe.

Prince of Moscow a 1250 shi ne Alexander Nevsky, wanda wasiyya da shi ga dansa Daniel sarauta. Na dogon lokaci yaron ya karkashin jagorancin na kawunsa. 10 Bayan shekaru, Daniel ya zama sarkin Moscow da haka aza harsashin ginin da Moscow shugabannin line.

Iyakoki da jama'a da ilimi ne kananan. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare akwai biyu kawai manyan birane Zvenigorod da Moscow. Har ila yau, akwai 3 kadarori: Radonezh, Ruza da Przemysl.

Duk da kananan size, da sarauta daga Moscow riga a 14th karni, na iya yin tsayayya da irin wannan manyan birane kamar Tver. A cikin wannan karni shi ya fara rayayye shiga wasu yankuna na Rasha.

A fitowa daga cikin yawan daga Murom, Rostov, Vladimir saboda da hare-hare na Tatars sanya Muscovy daya daga cikin mafi populated. Wannan yarda jihar da tashi.

A bude cinikayya hanyoyi a haɗa Lithuania da kuma Poland da Polotsk, Smolensk, Gabas yarda mana mu Muscovy ci gaban tattalin arziki.

Distance daga Lithuanian Tatars kuma taka rawar gani a karfafa rinjayar da birnin a cikin 14th karni.

A farko shugabannin Moscow

The m daga cikin sarakunan da layin yana dauke Daniil Aleksandrovich. A 1263, ya samu daga wajen mahaifinsa, Aleksandra Nevskogo, karamin gado, wanda bayan wani lokaci ya fara kawo sunan "Muscovy". Lokacin da Daniil aka sabunta Kremlin, kafa St. Danilov sufi, ya gina coci. A zamanin mulkinsa, babban birnin na zamani Rasha ya muhimmanci kumbura kan iyakoki da kuma ƙarfafa matsayinsu.

Bayan rasuwar Daniel Alexandrovich ƙasar shige wa babban dan - Yuri Danilovich, wanda bayan mutuwar sarkin Tver lashe dama ga sarauta na Vladimir. Lokacin da Yuri Moscow kumbura gẽfunanta: a 1303 da kuma aka annexed Kolomna Mozhaisk.

Bayan kisan da Yuri Danilovich Duchy na Moscow shige wa ɗan'uwansa - Ivan Kalita. A zamanin mulkinsa, aka a haɗe Yaropolch, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Bogolyubovo, Pereslavl-Zaleski. Tare da sarautarsa, da kuma Shugaban Mala'iku Cathedral na ɗauka, itacen oak Kremlin da aka gina.

Kalita ya magaji Saminu da Proud. Ya subordinated tausayin shugabanni girman imperiously, fadada Moscow ta iyakokin. Godiya ga idon sani, da aminci tare da Khan na Golden taro, da Saminu bayar da zaman lafiya da rayuwa a cikin nasu jihar.

Dukan sarakuna na Moscow sanya gagarumin matakai don inganta tasiri na Moscow sarauta da kuma fadada da kan iyakoki. Amma watakila mafi gagarumin taimako ga tarihin sanya Daniil Aleksandrovich, wanda ya fara zuwa hašawa zuwa cikin ƙasar, sabon ƙasa.