Mycotoxicoses - shi ... hana mycotoxin

Vata kayayyakin da wasu fungi matsayi mai tsanani hatsari ga mutumin da dabbobi. Akwai irin wannan abu a matsayin mycotoxicoses. Wannan wani rukuni na cututtuka da cewa sun taso saboda da illa na gubobi - rayuwa kayayyakin na mold fungi.

Mene ne hadarin mold

Wadannan kwayoyin suna prevalent a dukkan nahiyoyi na duniya tamu, da kuma gubobi da suka nuna sa babba lalacewar biyu da tattalin arzikin (a sakamakon abu lalacewa), kazalika da mutane da dabbobi da kiwon lafiya. Products zama m domin amfani, su iyawa da kuma sauran organoleptic halaye deteriorate gunaguni ƙwarai. Namomin kaza, wanda zai iya fararwa da ci gaban mold, fungi kasu kashi parasites (ban mamaki live al'adu) da kuma saprophytes (su ne a kan rayuwar matattu shuke-shuke). A mafi kyau duka yanayi na su kunnawa - high zazzabi, iska zafi daga 95% feed zafi na game da 30%. Pathogens mycotoxin (akwai game da 250) na iya fara da rayuwar da kaka, da kuma a daidai sufuri ko ajiya. Idan dabba ci da abinci, da fungal kamuwa da cuta daga mold, da nama, da madara zama mazauninsu na irin kwayoyin. A wannan yanayin, yiwuwar ake kamuwa, da kuma wanda zai amfani da wadannan kayayyakin. dabba mycotoxicosis ne iya kawo su halakarwa. Amma babu kasa tsanani take hakki zai iya sa data gubobi a cikin mutane.

Illar da mycotoxins

Kyawon tsayuwa wani musamman mummunan tasiri a kan kusan dukkan tsarin na jiki. Wasu daga cikin su sa kullum cutar, wasu daga karya da aiki na juyayi tsarin. Dermatitis, rashin lafiyan halayen, dysbiosis - wadannan ne mai yiwuwa mafi kirki cututtuka da za su iya haifar da mycotoxicoses da kuma fungal cututtuka. Wadannan cututtuka zai iya fararwa da ci gaban koda dystrophy, gout, ciki, tareda žata tasoshi, amma kuma ta kai ga bayyanar siffofin maruran. A manyan yawan wadannan kwayoyin shafi ci gaban da tayin a mata masu juna biyu. Wani muhimmin batu - suna iya tasiri cikin adam kwayoyin na'ura.

Aflatoxins. Cikin illar da guba

A mafi karatu pathogens na fungal cututtuka na hanji mikotoksikozov - A.flavus, aflatoxins. Iya ci gaba a masara, alkama, shinkafa, wake da koko, kofi, wasu kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itãce. M data gubobi samu a amfanin gona, a rare lokuta a dabba da kayayyakin - nama, madara, qwai (har zuwa 1 MG / kg). Ko adadi kaɗan na aflatoxins ne iya samun mummunan tasiri kan matasa da yara. Masana sun kafa wata mahada tsakanin ci gaban da farko hanta ciwon daji, kuma wannan rukuni na gubobi. Idan aflatoxin ne kullum shiga jiki, mutum na iya samun nauyi asara. Yara ma rage gudu da girma. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan wakili sa mycotoxicosis dabbobi - aladu, 'yan maruƙa da na awaki. Shi ne kuma m zuwa aflatoxins da ducks, turkeys, geese. Lokacin da wani tsanani kamuwa da cuta daga cikin yiwu mutuwa na 30% zuwa 100% na jimlar yawan.

Fuzariotoksiny. bayyanar cututtuka na maye

Idan hatsi damuna karkashin ball na dusar ƙanƙara, da babban hadarin da Fusarium naman gwari. da kayayyakin da metabolism ne quite barga. Fuzariotoksiny ba hallaka a cikin tsari, daga ruwan, da m sunadarai juriya. Har ila yau adana a cikin hatsi fiye da shekara guda. Wadannan gubobi sa irin wannan cututtuka kamar kwamin na tara angina. Da farko, akwai alamun ciwon makogwaro, janar da ɗan muni. Sa'an nan da farin jini cell count saukad da cika fuska (kusan sau 10). Har ila yau rage haemoglobin, halayyar rash iya bayyana a kan fata. A tsawon lokaci, shi ne bunkasa necrotizing tsari. Saboda haka, fungal cututtuka, mycotoxicoses - wannan shi ne wani hadarin gaske musamman cuta bukata m magani da kuma maganin rigakafi. Hatsi gurbata fuzariotoksinami, a wani hali bai dace da ɗan adam amfani da dan Adam da kuma dabbobi. Amfani da shi kawai don fasaha aiki (msl, a yi na masana'antu barasa).

Ergotism. A farko alamun

Wani naman gwari, wanda yake iya bugawa hatsi, - Claviceps purpurea. Mazauna na kananan kwayoyin yana da wani duhu purple launi. Na iya faruwa a spikelets hatsin rai, alkama. Idan hatsi ne sosai tsabtace na ergot, da mai guba abubuwa suna saki kai tsaye zuwa cikin gari. Baking na irin kayan da za su iya haifar da ergotism. A daidai wannan lokaci shi rinjayar da gabobin na narkewa kamar tsarin. Nuna duk da bayyanar cututtuka da guba - tashin zuciya da amai, ciwon mara. A tsanani nau'i na cutar halin da hare-haren na hallucinations, delirium. Zai yiwu da kuma gangrenous form, a cikin abin da akwai necrosis na extremities, fuska. Jiyya a cikin wannan harka symptomatic nufi ga kau na maye. Na farko hanya na magance ergot ne tsaftace amfanin gona.

Stahibotriotoksikoz

Mycotoxicoses data - Waɗannan su ne cututtuka da suke more kowa a cikin dabbobi ne rare a cikin mutane. A causative wakili - toxin naman gwari Stachybotrys alternans. Stahibotriotoksikoz - sosai tsanani yanayin da dawakai, da shanu da kaji. The asibiti hoto ne kamar haka: akwai kumburi a cikin gastrointestinal fili, sa'an nan - necrotic raunuka na narkewa kamar tsarin. Ci gaba m zuciya rashin cin nasara, agranulocytosis. Wani cutar da ke shafar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin da dabba, - dendrodohpotokeikoz. Feature da wannan cuta ne ta m halin yanzu, sakamakon da mutuwar dabbobi faruwa.

Sauran m mycotoxins

By babu kasa hatsari na rayuwa kayayyakin na fungi ake ochratoxin A, patulin. Da farko aji toxin samar da naman gwari Penicillium, Aspergillus. Domin ta kira na bukatar a high zafi na samfurin (ba kasa da 22%). Irin wannan mycotoxicoses - An guba da dabbobi, sosai koda aiki a cikin mutane. Bugu da kari, ochratoxin, circulating a cikin jini, kuma shi ne iya shiga cikin nono. Laboratory nazarin tabbatar da carcinogenic sakamako. Patulin accumulates mafi yawa a berries, 'ya'yan itace. Abin lura shi ne cewa wannan toxin ne resistant zuwa high zafin jiki, don haka shi za a iya gano da kuma sarrafa kayayyakin banza 'ya'yan. Musamman sau da yawa sami patulin a apple ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Gurbin cewa sa guba toxin, mai tsanani isa. Wannan kuma kwakwalwa edema, kuma koda tabarbarewa, huhu.

Hana jari na gubobi a tsire-tsire

Don rage girman mycotoxicoses, rigakafin su bayyanar dole ta hada da wadannan ayyukan. Shuka kiwo - wani tasiri Hanyar magance fungi. Development kayyade aikin injiniya iya qarfafa wani babban juriya ga al'ada kwayoyin. Doka ta biyu ne daidai aikace-aikace na aikin gona da fasahar. Harvest kamata a tattara bisa ga kafa dokoki. M jiyya na hatsi ne ma da muhimmanci. Da farko kana bukatar ka tsaftace up shafa kayayyakin daga abubuwa. Storage na albarkatun kasa dole ne a da za'ayi a cikin rijiya-ventilated yankunan, yana da muhimmanci kada ta ƙetare a bakin kofa zafi al'adu. Yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da wani ayyuka da nufin rushe hakori, kwari a hatsi ajiya yankunan. Kafin aiki kayayyakin sha awon gwaji ga gaban mycotoxins. Idan an same su, shi wajibi ne don tsaftace albarkatun kasa ko ta da cikakken karbo daga samarwa.

Rigakafin mycotoxin a cikin gida

Mycotoxicoses - wata cuta da cewa sau da yawa da na kullum. Tara gubobi kawai bayan wani lokaci za a fara kashe jikin mu. Saboda haka, a cikin wani gida yanayi yana da muhimmanci sosai don kauce wa ci gaban kyawon tsayuwa a kan foodstuffs. Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa primary factor cewa stimulates ci gaban da wadannan kwayoyin ne high zafi da kuma high zazzabi. Foods cewa ganimar da sauri, shi wajibi ne don nazarin. A farko alamar mold a kan su yi amfani da shi ne mafi kyau ta kãfircẽwa. Hakika, ba duk mold - shi ne m poisons. Duk da haka, hadarin da kiwon lafiya ne har yanzu ba shi daraja. Wannan mulki ya shafi 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kayan lambu, gasa kaya, ababen hawa da sauran tsarẽwa. Pet abinci ya kamata kuma a hankali binciki. Idan sami kamu hatsi ga abinci irin abinci ne riga unusable. Abinci mycotoxicoses iya haddasa babban lahani ga dabbobi da tsuntsaye.