Mykola Lysenko, Ukrainian mawaki: biography, kerawa

Mykola Lysenko, wanda biography da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin - Ukrainian mawaki kuma shugaba, pianist da jama'a adadi, a talented malami. A rayuwa tattara jama'a songs. Ya yi mai yawa ga zaman jama'a da kuma al'adu rai na Ukraine.

iyali

Lysenko Nikolay Vitalevich - zo daga wani tsohon Cossack iyali. Mahaifinsa, damban ne Vitaly Romanovich, wani kanar cuirassier rajimanti. Mother, Olga Eremeevna da suka samo asali daga gidan haya Lutsenko.

yara

Daga farkon yara, firamarensa na Nicholas, wanda aka haifa a 1842, uwarsa kanta, tare da mawãƙi su ɗauko. Ta sanar da Faransa Nicholas, dance, da kyau hali. Kuma su ɗauko sanar da Rasha. Lokacin da Nicholas aka 5 years old, Olga Eremeevna sami ɗanta wata dandano ga music. Ga ci gaban da gwaninta ya aka kira su zuwa ga wani music malami. Tun farkon yara, Nicholas ya m wakoki. Son zuwa Ukrainian jama'a songs shuka a cikin shi mai girma-kakaninki.

samuwar

Bayan gida na makaranta ya kan, Nicholas fara shirya don m zuwa makaranta. Da farko ta yi karatu a Weyl dakunan kwanan dalibai, sa'an nan Geduena. Mykola Lysenko shiga 2nd Kharkov makaranta a 1855 ya sauke karatu daga shi tare da karrama a 1859

Sa'an nan ya shiga Jami'ar Kharkov. A cikin halitta kimiyya baiwa. A shekara daga baya, da iyaye suka zauna a Kiev, da kuma Nicholas tafi zuwa ga Kiev jami'a, da Physics da lissafi Faculty a sashen Natural Kimiyya. Ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar a 1864 da kuma a shekara daga baya ya zama wani dan takarar kimiyya.

Bayan wani lokaci, a cikin 1867, Nikolai V. ya ci gaba da karatu a Leipzig Conservatory, wanda shi ne mafi kyau a cikin dukan Turai. Piano ya sanar K. Reynard E. Wenzel da I. Moscheles, abun da ke ciki - E. Richter, ka'idar - Paperitts. Bugu da ari, Nikolai Lysenko inganta a symphonic orchestration a Petersburg Conservatory Rimsky-Korsakov.

A farkon wata m hanya

A makarantar sakandare ya dauki zaman music darussa. Kuma sannu a hankali ya zama wani shahararren pianist. Ya ne sau da yawa kira su zuwa ga bukukuwa da soirees, inda ya yi ayyuka da Mozart, Chopin, Beethoven. Dance songs taka leda da kuma improvised da Ukrainian karin waƙa.

Lokacin da Nicholas karatu a Jami'ar Kiev, ya nemi a saya a matsayin mai yawa ilmi game da music. Saboda haka, a hankali karatu wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da irin wannan shahara composers kamar Glinka, Wagner, da dai sauransu Tun wannan lokacin, Nikolai fara tattara da kuma daidaita Ukrainian jama'a songs.

A lokaci guda Mykola Lysenko shirya dalibi Choirs, ya jagoranci da kuma yi tare da su a cikin jama'a. Duk da yake karatu a Leipzig Conservatory, da ya gane cewa mafi muhimmanci don ƙirƙirar, tattara da kuma ci gaba da Ukrainian jama'a music, maimakon kwashe waje litattafansu.

ya aiki

Tun 1878, Nicholas ya zama wani malamin piano, aiki a Cibiyar Noble akwai mãtã. A 1890-ies. horar da matasa a music makarantu Tutkovsky da Blumenfeld. A shekara ta 1904, Nikolai V. kafa a Kiev, ya makaranta (1913 -. Lysenko). Ya na farko ma'aikata da cewa samar da mafi girma ilimi a kide.

Don ƙirƙirar makaranta ya yi amfani da abokai bayar da kudi akayi nufi don sayan cottages da kuma bugu na ayyukansa. Institution ya kullum a karkashin kusa da 'yan sanda iko. A 1907, Nikolai V. a kama, amma ya aka saki na gaba safe.

Daga 1908 zuwa 1912. ya jagoranci kwamitin "Ukrainian kulob din." Wannan jama'a jagoranci ilimi da ayyukan. Tsara music kuma wallafe-wallafen abubuwan da darussa ga masu sana'a ci gaba ga malamai. A 1911, Nikolai V. shi ne shugaban kwamitin da cewa ciyar da shigarwa na tunawa daga Taras Shevchenko. Lysenko baya ladabi music ga operetta "Natalka Poltavka".

Lysenko kerawa

Lysenko farko da aikin da aka rubuta a 1868, lokacin da ya yi karatu a Leipzig kide. Shi ne mai tarin Ukrainian songs for piano da kuma murya. Wannan aiki ne na girma kimiyya da ethnographic darajar. A wannan shekarar akwai wani biyu aiki - "Zapovit", rubuta domin tunawa da mutuwar Shevchenko.

Sa'an nan ya bi da jerin kira "Music ga Kobzar". Yana hada da fiye da 80 mutum guda. su nau'o'i sun daban-daban. All ayyukan da aka buga bakwai jerin. Karshe da aka buga a 1901

Mykola Lysenko kasance ko da yaushe a cibiyar na al'adu rai na Kiev. Da yake a cikin shugabanci na Rasha Musical Society, ya dauki wani aiki sashi a da yawa kide, wanda aka gudanar cikin Ukraine.

Ya aka tsunduma a m da'irori. Kuma ko da samu izni a tada kwaikwaiyo, yi a Ukrainian. A 1872, Nikolai V. rubuta biyu operettas: "Kirsimeti Night" da kuma "Chernomorets". Su baya ya zama tushen daga cikin Ukrainian kasa art, har abada shiga Theatrical repertoire.

A 1873 Lysenko buga na farko musicological aikin game Ukrainian almara. A lokaci guda, Nikolai V. rubuta piano guda kuma symphonic fantasy.

A St. Petersburg, ya, tare da V. Paskhalov shirya choral kide. Su shirin hada ayyuka da Lysenko, kazalika da Rasha, Ukrainian, Serbian da kuma Yaren mutanen Poland songs. Sai ya zama a St. Petersburg, ya rubuta na farko Ukrainian Rhapsody a kan wani batu na 1st da 2nd polonaises, sonatas for piano.

Back a 1876 a Kiev, Lysenko sanya wani girmamawa a kan yin aiki. Ya shirya kide, buga piano, samar da sabon Choirs. A kudi tashe shi daga cikin taron ya yi wa jama'a bukatu. Yana da aka a wannan lokacin da ya rubuta mafi yawansu ya most ayyukansu.

A 1880, Nikolai V. ya fara aiki a daya daga cikin mafi kyau operas "Taras Bulba". Sa'an nan ya zo da yawa fiye da guda na music. Ya kamata mu ma ambaci kyautata na music a cikin operetta "Natalka Poltavka" a 1889. Wannan aiki ya sha nanata an hõre yawa jiyya. Amma kawai a cikin wording na Lysenko shi ya tabbatar artistically complete.

Nikolay V. halitta mai raba yankin - yara wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. Daga 1892 zuwa 1902. ya shirya mawaka yawon shakatawa a Ukraine. A shekara ta 1904 Lysenko bude wani wasan kwaikwayo makaranta, wanda shekaru da yawa ya zama wani muhimmin ma'aikata domin Ukrainian spetsobrazovaniya.

A 1905 ya, tare da A. Kosice Society mawaka "Boyan" da aka kafa. Gudanar da akwai halittawa. Amma nan da nan da "Boyan" ruguje saboda siyasa, yanayi da kuma rashin kayan tushe. Society ya wanzu for kawai a shekara.

A cikin shekaru baya Lysenko rubuta da aikin "Aeneid." Opera mana soki autocratic domin ya zama kawai misali na satire in Ukrainian m gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

Outdoor ayyuka

A tsawon rayuwar, Nicholas tsunduma ba kawai kerawa, amma kuma a cikin zamantakewa. Ya - daya daga cikin masu shirya na baƙauye Lahadi makaranta. Yana ta shirya Ukrainian Dictionary. Ya halarci Kiev ƙidaya. Ya yi aiki a Kudu-West reshe na Rasha Kasa Society.

Personal rai

A 1868 Lysenko aure da biyu dan uwan lnsaf, Olgoy Aleksandrovnoy O'Connor. Ta kasance matasa, fiye da shi shekaru 8. Suka zauna a cikin wani aure domin shekaru 12, amma sai ya tafi saboda ba su da yara. The hukuma saki bai kashe.

Biyu aure Lysenko ya da wani farar hula. A daya daga cikin kide a cikin Chernigov ya gana Lipskoy Olgoy Antonovnoy. Daga baya ta ya zama na kowa-doka matarsa. Suna da 'ya'ya biyar. Olga mutu bayan haihuwar wani yaro a 1900

da mawaki ta mutuwa

Lysenko Nikolay, mawaki, ya rasu shida a watan Nuwamba 1912 kwatsam bugun zuciya. A rabuwar tare da shi, dubban zo daga duk Ukrainian yankuna. The jana'izar sabis da aka gudanar a Vladimir Cathedral. zo da ƙungiyar mawaƙa gaba na wucewa da gawa. Yana kunshi 1,200 mutane, da kuma su tsarkakewa za a iya ji ko da a Kiev. Lysenko aka binne shi a Kiev Baikove hurumi.