Myocarditis a wani yaro: ganewar asali, Alamun da jiyya. Yara Zuciya Center

Myocarditis a wani yaro da aka yi fama gwada da akai-akai a zamani likita yi. Ya kamata nan da nan za a ce da cewa wannan hatsari cutar da kuma idan ya bar untreated iya kai ga tsanani da rikitarwa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa da yawa iyaye suke sha'awar bayanai game da cutar. Me ne irin wannan cuta tasowa ko da a jarirai, da kuma abin da cututtuka kamata na nemi? Ta yaya far da abin da suke tsinkaya ga kadan marasa lafiya?

Features da kuma halaye da cutar

Kalmar "myocarditis" da ake nufi a cutar da cewa yana tare da kumburi da zuciya tsoka. Wannan cutar da ake bincikar lafiya a marasa lafiya na daban-daban shekaru. Myocarditis a wani yaro ko matashi iya wuya a daukarsa a rare harka.

A Sanadin da kumburi raunuka na myocardium iya zama sosai daban-daban, kama daga shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin nama cututtuka da kuma kawo karshen tare da m rashin lafiyan halayen da kuma intoxications. Popular sau da yawa, da kumburi, ta yalwaci ba kawai zuciya tsoka, amma kuma a nan kusa Tsarin, ciki har da pericardium, jini da kuma sauran gabobin.

Babban Sanadin myocarditis

An yi zaton cewa kumburi daga cikin zuciya tsoka za a iya haɗa kusan duk wani da aka sani nau'i na kamuwa da cuta:

• A mafi yawan lokuta, da "mãsu laifi" na myocarditis ne da ƙwayoyin cuta - adenovirus, enterovirus Coxsackie, kuma parvovirus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma mura.
• Kumburi daga cikin myocardium, da kuma wani lokacin yana da wani kwayan asalin. Haka kuma cutar tasowa a kan bango na da tarin fuka, brucellosis, wani kwayan meningitis. A kumburi tsari faruwa a lokacin kunnawa da streptococcal kamuwa da cuta.
• Kaye rickettsial kwayoyin sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa kumburi da zuciya tsoka. Hadarin dalilai hada Q zazzabi, typhus zazzabi, m duwãtsu.
• A cikin rawar da pathogen iya aiki pathogenic fungi, musamman fungi HALITTAR Candida.
• Akwai protozoal myocarditis, masu tasowa, a kan bango na toxoplasmosis, zazzabin cizon sauro, leishmaniasis.
• Helminths (Echinococcus, kamar su Trichinella) kuma tsokane kumburi.
• Akwai mai guba myocarditis lalacewa ta hanyar ingestion na arsenic, Mercury, carbon monoxide.
• Wani lokaci da cutar tasowa a cikin magani, ko bayan gabatarwar lamba Sera.

• Hadarin dalilai sun hada da cizon maciji da kwari.
• Jiki sakamakon, kamar mai tsanani hypothermia, hyperthermia, daukan hotuna zuwa ionizing radiation a jiki ma tsokani kumburi.
• A wasu matsalolin na daban sun hada da na tsari lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid amosanin gabbai da kuma wasu sauran autoimmune cututtuka.

Kamar yadda ka gani, akwai dalilai da yawa domin raya myocarditis. Bincikowa da ya kamata hada da jerin farko cuta kamar yadda rinjayar da nasarar da far.

A siffofin da iri da cutar

Akwai da dama makircinsu na rarrabuwa da cutar. An riga an tattauna zabin ga bunkasa cutar, dangane da hanyar. Amma a lokacin da ganewar asali masana jawo hankali ga wasu dalilai:

• Idan muna magana ne game da hanya da cuta, da myocarditis iya zama m, subacute ko na kullum.
• Dangane da tsananin cuta na iya zama m, matsakaici ko matsananci.
• A likita fa, tã da hankali ga asibiti manifestations - na yara za a iya gani da hankula nau'i na kumburi, kazalika da lalace kuma asymptomatic.
• Kuma shi yana da darajar da har na kumburi tsari - a cikin wannan harka mai da hankali ya zama ruwan dare (akwai aka ware, guda site na kumburi) da kuma yaxuwa myocarditis (Pathology ya shafi dukan tsoka).

Ta yaya ne myocarditis a yara? babban mataki

Myocarditis yaro tasowa a dama, saukarwa - a zamani magani ne uku:

1. Stage na viremia - kwayar barbashi (ko wasu pathogens) ya fada cikin da myocardium. Na farko, su ake gyarawa a farfajiya na tsoka Kwayoyin, sa'an nan shiga cikin myocytes. A wannan mataki, akwai kunnawa da tsarin na rigakafi, wanda yana tare da wani ƙara kira da a saki interferon.
2. Autoimmune mataki a wadda ƙwarai inganta rigakafi cell martani kuma Ya ƙãra matakan antikardialnyh antibodies cewa tara a myocardium, adversely shafi ta aiki. A wannan mataki da kunna kumburi shiga tsakani. Akwai lalata microvasculature.
3. Idan cutar ne m, to, akwai a rage edema da kuma samuwar fibrotic shafukan a cikin zuciya tsoka. Idan magani ba ba da sakamako mai kyau (ko ma ba a nan), da rashin lafiya zama na kullum. A kullum kumburi hankali wajen samar da rikitarwa, ciki har da zuciya rashin cin nasara, cardiomegaly, cardio.

Kan aiwatar da bincike da kuma nazari kan yaro don taimaka likita gano cikin wani nau'i na cuta, ta haddasawa, kazalika da mataki na ci gaba - kawai bayan karbar data iya ƙirƙirar da gaske tasiri magani regimen.

Bayyanar cututtuka da cutar a cikin jariri

Ãyõyin cutar dogara a kan al'amurra da dama - da daraja shan la'akari da yaro ta shekaru, asalin da kuma nau'i na cutar. Musamman mai tsanani myocarditis a jariri jarirai. Kid sannu a hankali samun nauyi, zama lethargic da kuma m, kamar yadda har ma da tsari na ciyar da shi ne da gajiya ba. A baby ta fata ne kodadde, sau da yawa yakan mallaki wani m tint.

Wani alama da aka dauke su short na numfashi. Ta farko bayyana a cikin lokaci na aiki - da yaro da sauri da kuma numfasawa sosai yayin da miya, wanka, hanji ƙungiyoyi, ciyar. Kamar yadda cutar progresses numfashi matsaloli za a iya gani riga a cikin quiescent jihar. Saboda tasowa zuciya rashin cin nasara bayyana edema - wani lokacin suna mai tsanani, saboda abin da jaririn nauyi na karuwa da cika fuska. yaro ta jarrabawa ya nuna wani kara girman hanta da saifa.

Clinical hoto na yaro girmi shekaru biyu

A mazan yara, da na asibiti hoto ya dubi daban-daban. A cikin 2-3 makonni bayan da farko kamuwa myocarditis ba a nuna. Sa'an nan da cututtuka zama mafi pronounced. ÃyõyinSa da cutar sun hada da:

• paleness na fata integument.
• gajiya, wani rauni, kadan karuwa a yawan zafin jiki.
• bacewar ci kuma saboda haka nauyi saukarwa.
• zafi a cikin tsokoki da kuma gidajen abinci, da kuma wani lokacin a ciki.
• kamar yadda cutar progresses, yara fara zuwa koka da zafi a cikin zuciya;
• shortness na numfashi da kuma zuciya palpitations.

Myocarditis: ganewar asali da cuta

Tare da irin wannan cuta na bayar da muhimmanci ne daidai ganewar asali. A baby ne mafi kyau a tuntube da yara cardiology cibiyar. Wadannan hanyoyin da ake bukata domin ganewar asali:

• Don fara da yaro da kuma iyaye da aka gudanar da wani zabe yin tarihi, domin sanin gaban wasu cututtuka.
• Riga a lokacin jarrabawa, likita yi zargin myocarditis - gwani kallon kodadde, ko da fata cyanosis, m zuciya rate, gaban edema da nakasa daga 'ya'yan numfashi.
• Yi biochemical da serological jini gwajin da kayyade gaban kamuwa da cuta da kuma kumburi.
• Chest X-ray damar da gwani a ga fadada daga cikin iyakoki na zuciya da kuma gaban da jini stagnation a tasoshi da tukwane na huhu, wanda ya tabbatar da kasancewar kumburi a cikin myocardium.

• Dole a yi electrocardiography da echocardiography - wadannan hanyoyin samar da wata dama don su bincika zuciya da kuma tantance mataki na hanawa.
• A biopsy na myocardium aka nuna ne kawai a mafi tsanani lokuta domin zai taimaka wajen sanin ko har na kumburi tsari.

Jiyya da cutar: cewa likitoci bayar?

Hakika, da magani dogara a kan hanyar da nisan da cutar ci gaba. Alal misali, a gaban kwayan cututtuka bukatar maganin rigakafi, yayin da kwayar raunuka ne da aka nuna samun antiviral kwayoyi. Har ila yau, yara wajabta immunomodulators, kyale normalize aikin tsaro sunadaran.

Don kawar kumburi marasa lafiya dauki nonsteroidal anti-kumburi kwayoyi ( "Voltaren", "Brufen", "Indomethacin"). A tsanani lokuta, da yin amfani da steroid hormone magunguna da cewa sun fi tasiri a cikin yãƙi kumburi. Don kawar edema diuretics ake amfani, kyale su rabu da wuce haddi da ruwa. Yana da muhimmanci a hada a cikin makirci na far bitamin shirye-shirye. Idan shi ne a kullum tsari, nuna dima jiki magani. Idan akwai wani m arrhythmia, wanda ba amenable ga miyagun ƙwayoyi jiyya, za ka iya bukatar pacemaker kafawa.

Jiyya ne da za'ayi a wani asibiti muhalli, shi ne bu mai kyau a zabi mai kyau yara cardiology cibiyar da kyau kwararru. Bayan kammala daga cikin shakka daga far da yaro dole ne har yanzu sha yau da kullum rajistan shiga-rubucen - at farko kowane 'yan watanni kuma sai sau biyu a shekara (da wani m Hakika na cutar). Echo da electrocardiography, kirji X-ray, jini gwaje-gwaje ya kamata a yi lokaci-lokaci - kadai hanyar yiwu ga lura gaban rikitarwa ko komawa.

yaro ta rage cin abinci tare da myocarditis

Iyaye da yawa suna sha'awar tambayoyi a yau game da dalilin da ya sa da kuma abin da tasowa ne a myocarditis a yara. Alamun da kuma lura da cutar, ta haddasawa - shi ne haƙĩƙa muhimmanci da maki. Amma yana da daraja idan akai la'akari da cewa a lura da yaro bukatar musamman rage cin abinci (idan ba game da jariran).

Masana sun bayar da shawarar ta yi watsi da sauki carbohydrates - ya kamata ka ba ka baby wani Muffin, cakulan, farin gurasa, taliya. Su za a iya maye gurbinsu ba tare da yisti pastries. Har ila yau, kada ku zãgi da m da yaji abinci, m nama da kifi, soups da broths richness - mafi alhẽri ga ci ramammu kaza da kuma hanta (af, shi ne kyawawa su shirya abinci kamar wata). Kifi ne a yarda, amma idan yana da wani low-mai iri. Yawan qwai kamata kuma ya kasance iyaka.

A rage cin abinci ya kamata hada da kiwo kayayyakin, nunannun 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu (sai plums, Quince, tukuru pears da apples, inabi). Chocolate da sauran sweets za a iya maye gurbinsu da zuma, jam, marmalade da marshmallow.

Kintace a myocarditis

Myocarditis a wani yaro musamman m, a farkon watanni na rayuwa - a cikin wannan shekara kungiyar na marasa lafiya, mafi akai-akai lura mutuwa. Hangen nesa ya dogara da tsari da kuma digiri na cuta mai tsanani. Alal misali, wani m nau'i na cutar da kuma wani lokacin ba ya bukatar magani. Kwayan kumburi amenable don magani da sauki, amma a lokacin da kwayar raunuka na da sakamakon cuta na iya ba za ma mai kyau.

Daga cikin makaranta-shekaru yara da kuma matasa suna da wuya rubuta m events - yawanci yara da sauri warke kuma komawa zuwa rayuwa. Duk da haka, wani lokacin a lokacin myocarditis zuciya dimbin yawa sclerotic yankunan da za su iya zama a matsayin hanyar zuciya rashin cin nasara a adulthood.

m magani

Abin baƙin ciki, akwai wani a duniya a wajen myocarditis. Duk da haka, masana bayar da shawarar su bi wasu sharudda. A ciki mace ya zama m zuwa ga kiwon lafiya, hana ci gaban cututtuka, don kauce wa lamba tare da gubobi gwada a kai a kai.

Domin jariri jihar ya kamata a kula a hankali - dauke da kwayar cutar da kumburi cuta ya kamata a yi fama da jinya a lokacin. A lokacin da annobar cutar na sanyi kamar yadda zai yiwu ba lallai ba ne don ba da damar da yaron ya lamba tare da kamuwa da mutane. Gaskiya ma a jihar na rigakafi da tsarin shafi dace rage cin abinci, bayyananne a kullum, matsakaici jiki aiki da kuma hardening.