Nature Museum, Kharkov: adireshin, bude hours. Jihar Museum of Nature na Kharkiv National University. V. N. Karazina

Ba ka kasance a cikin Museum of Nature a Kharkov? Wannan abu ne mai ban al'adu ma'aikata, wanda ba a kowane birni. Its daraja ziyara ne m, idan ka kasance a kalla awa don samun mai kyau da kuma sada zumunci da birnin. Kuma za mu yi kokarin bincika daki-daki, da yanayin gidan kayan gargajiya a Kharkov, a baya nan don koyi kome game da shi.

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara?

Bari mu fara da cewa jihar Museum of Nature na Kharkiv National University. Karazin ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin gidajen tarihi a Turai. Domin high quality-ilmantarwa tsari a 1806 Count Potocki samu daga Gruner - Hanover harhaɗa magunguna - karamin tarin waje veshchichek, wanda tattara ta Farfesa Andre. A shekara daga baya ya sayi wani tarin - Zoological, wanda an Italian tara Chetty. Ta ya wakilta wani yawan m mollusk bawo, murjani, kwari, tsuntsaye, ma'adanai da kuma burbushin. A birnin Kharkov, wadannan biyu collections sun Afrilu 2, 1807, saboda haka wannan rana aka dauke masomin na gidan kayan gargajiya zama. Duka biyu collections Count Potocki biya 39.200 rubles.

labarin

Museum of Nature a Kharkov na dogon lokaci amfani da sama da biyu collections ga horo. Sun zama tushen nazarin kimiyyar yanayin halitta. Farfesa na o F. Delavigne zama na farko da tsaron Zoological tarin, kuma mineralogical tarin aka bai don ajiya Shnaubertu farfesa a fannin sunadarai. Ba zato ba tsammani, ya zo ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Jamus a kan sirri shawarwarin JW Goethe - wani memba na mallaka University of Kharkov. Ga sunayen da aka bi domin shekaru masu yawa, da malaman ya zama daban-daban koya maza. Daga cikin su shi ne ya kamata a lura da wadannan: I. Kalenichenko, A. Nikolsky, A. Maslowski, N. Borisyak A. Levakovsky, D. Sobolev, da sauransu.

Ayyukan Farfesa I. Krinitsky

Cikin ayyukan da furofesoshi, ya kamata a ambata dabam, kamar yadda ya sanya wani babban taimako ga ci gaban da Kharkiv National University. V. N. Karazina da Museum of Nature. A shekaru 10 kawai (daga 1826 zuwa 1836) ya ya iya qualitatively inganta kayan tushe na gidan kayan gargajiya. A wannan lokaci da yawan abubuwa ya ƙara kusan sau 4. All collections aka systematized, cikakken taskoki bayyana. Har ila yau, musamman dakin gwaje-gwaje domin binciken, shirye-shiryen da shigarwa na dukan tara kayan da aka halitta. A lokacin da shiriya ta daga Krinitsky fara da farko kimiyya expeditions. Kudi cibiyoyin muhimmanci a bayansa da ta sayan daban-daban abubuwa, yafi a Jamus.

yanzu

Don kwanan wata, Kharkiv National University. V. N. Karazina wuya su yi tunanin ba tare da Museum of Nature. A karshen ne wani ilimi da kimiyya cibiyar na Ukraine.

Ga baƙi bude 23 dakuna, inda za ka iya ganin farfado 4 kimiyya sashen: vertabrate da kwaro, ma'aunan kasa, muhalli da kwayoyin juyin halitta. Mene ne ban sha'awa farfado ba kawai nuna yadda taru collections. Inda za ka iya samun m m dioramas, wanda ake tattali da zamani audio-gani kafofin watsa labarai, da kuma biogroups. Total bincike kudi na Museum of Nature a Kharkov adana game da 250 farfado. Sha'awan su iya zama kowa.

Nature Museum (Kharkiv): Gudun lokaci

Abin da yake da muhimmanci ga jama'a, don haka wannan shi ne abin da muka dole ne a rubuta a gaba. A gidan kayan gargajiya bude ga jama'a daga 8:30 zuwa 16:30. Ya aiki kowace rana a lokacin da wadannan hours, fãce wata rana kashe - Lahadi. Kasashen waje baƙi kamata ka sani cewa da yawon shakatawa ne da za'ayi ba kawai a Rasha da kuma Ukrainian harsuna, sa'an nan Turanci. Irfanin abu ne sosai aptly da kuma abubuwan da, qunshi da 16.

Kuma yanzu da adireshin da Museum of Nature (Kharkiv): Street Trinklera 8. kamata a tuntuɓi ƙungiya sashen na gidan kayan gargajiya ga alƙawari.

Za ka iya ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya kaɗai, kuma a cikin kananan kungiyoyin. Matsakaicin - 15 mutane. Mafi yawa daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi suna kafa a lokacin karshen mako, kamar yadda makarantu da kindergartens yana amfani da kungiyar ziyara ga Museum of Nature a Kharkov. Tikitin farashin - 300 UAH. la'akari da shekaru da kuma lokacin ziyarar. The kudin raba da adadin mutane a cikin kungiyar, saboda haka yana da amfani ga ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya a karshen mako ko a high-shiryayye kamfanoni.

sashen

Sashen kwaro ne na musamman da tarin murjãni, gizo-gizo, molluscs, malam, da sauransu. D. The masanin kimiyya da kuma matafiyi N. Maclay ya ba da gidan kayan gargajiya dũkiyar gilashin Sponges, wanda ya tattara a 1873 a Philippines. Ga ka iya kuma ganin tarin Jihar Councillor DA-Donets Zakharzhevskaya, wanda yana da game da 20 dubu jinsunan beetles.

Mineralogical rabu wakilci fiye da 25 dubbai farfado. All collections systematized, don haka suka fada a cikin hali ma'adanai, samfurori da semiprecious da duwatsu masu daraja, ma'adanai daga bangarori daban-daban daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Akwai iya ji dadin Florentine marmara, malachite tama, rock crystal yin la'akari 100 kg, meteorites.

A sashen daukan tarin vertabrate 1200 m ^2. A baƙo yana da damar ganin kusan dukan manyan vertebrate fauna na duniya. Abin da ya sãme kowane kallo, don haka yana da m farfado da su sikelin. Game 30 dioramas nuna tarin halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, kifi, dabbobi masu rarrafe. Mamaki masu kallo diorama kira "Amazon", a cikin abin da rai wakilan da kifi fauna a kan nuni. Jawo hankalin da hankali da kuma mai kifi Whale kwarangwal, wanda shi ne 20 m. Yana da matukar haske da ban sha'awa tsawon ne dioramas "Far pinnipeds" da "Rookery".

A sashen na kare muhalli da kuma ci gaba da kwayoyin duniya iya koya game da ka'idodi na tarihi ci gaba da kwayoyin duniya tun daga lokacin da ya da aka sani siffofin rai a yau. Da yawa da hankali ne ya biya zuwa rawar da yanayi a cikin tsarin juyin halitta. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan sashe na gidan kayan gargajiya na da most tarin mannyan birai a Ukraine. Na fara da shi an halitta a cikin XIX karni, a lokacin da jami'ar zo Zoological tarin Count Potocki. A mafi muhimmanci da farfado da tarin - mafi tsufa.

Rungumar labarin, ya kamata a ce cewa Natural History Museum a Kharkov - shi ne m, ban sha'awa da kuma nishadi wuri cewa dole ne ka ziyarci ga duk wanda ya son yanayi. Yana da muhimmanci a nan su ziyarci yara. Bayan ziyarar, za su gane yadda karfi da kuma bambancin Flora da fauna.