Nau'in na numfashi a cikin mutane

Numfashi - mai muhimmanci physiological tsari, ba tare da wanda ba zai yiwu mutum aiki. Saboda da kafa tsarin ba da da Kwayoyin kawota tare da oxygen da kuma iya shiga a cikin metabolism. Nau'in na numfashi dabam dangane da abin da tsokoki da kuma gabobin da hannu a cikin tsari.

numfashi Physiology

Numfashi tare da alternately inhalation (oxygen amfani) da kuma exhalation (saki carbon dioxide). A wani gajeren lokaci akwai wani sa na matakai tsakanin su. Su za a iya raba da wadannan babban matakai na numfashi:

• waje (samun iska da kuma yadawa na gas a cikin huhu).
• oxygen kai.
• nama numfasawa.

External numfasawa na samar da wadannan matakai:

1. iska - iska gudana ta hanyar da numfashi fili, da aka moistened, shi ya zama warmer da kuma tsabtace.
2. Iskar gas musayar - daukan wuri a cikin wani gajeren lokaci na lõkacin fatara daga numfashi (tsakanin exhalation da wani sabon numfashi). A musayar unshi da Alveoli da kuma huhu capillaries. Jini gudana ta hanyar da Alveoli cikin capillaries, wanda aka tare da cikakken oxygen da kuma shimfidawa a ko'ina cikin jiki. Carbon dioxide da aka hawa da baya daga capillaries cikin Alveoli da exhalation excreted.

Harufan numfasawa lokaci inganta canja wuri da oxygen daga Alveoli a cikin jini da kuma jari na carbon dioxide a cikin huhu vesicles for daga baya kau daga jiki.

Kai da kuma metabolism karshe sakamakon

Shari jini gas ne saboda erythrocytes. Sun kawo oxygen zuwa tsokoki na gabobin, inda kara metabolism fara.

Yadawa a kyallen takarda halin da aiwatar da nama numfasawa. Abin da ake nufi? Erythrocytes suna hade tare da oxygen a ciyar a cikin nama, sa'an nan kuma da nama ruwa. Lokaci guda narkar da carbon dioxide motsa mayar da Alveoli daga cikin huhu.

Bayan da interstitial m shiga cikin jini Kwayoyin. Gudu sunadarai matakai na tsagawa na gina jiki. A karshe hadawan abu da iskar shaka samfurin - carbon dioxide - sake shiga cikin jini a cikin nau'i na wani bayani da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Alveoli daga cikin huhu.

Ko da abin da irin numfashi da ake amfani da mutum kwayoyin faruwa tafiyar matakai na rayuwa ne guda. tsokoki aiki ba ka damar canja ƙarar daga cikin kirji, t. e. aiwatar da inhalation ko exhalation.

The darajar tsoka a cikin numfashi matakai

Nau'in na numfashi sa daga ƙanƙancewa na tsokoki na sassa daban daban na kashin baya. Numfashi tsokoki samar da wani rhythmic canji a cikin juz'i na daga cikin kirji kogo. Dangane da ayyuka, sun kasu kashi inspiratory da expiratory.

A farko da hannu a cikin iska inhaled. Babban tsokoki na wannan kungiyar akwai: diaphragm, intercostal waje, ciki interchondral. Karin inspiratory tsokoki dokoki da tsani, nono (manya da kanana), sternoclavicular (mastoid). A lokacin exhalation tafiyar da ciki tsokoki da ciki intercostal.

Kawai godiya ga tsokoki yiwu inhalation da exhalation na iska: haske maimaita su ƙungiyoyi. Akwai biyu yiwu sunadaran don canza ƙarar daga cikin kirji da taimakon tsoka ƙanƙancewa: motsi da karankarman ƙirji ko diaphragm, wanda shi ne babban iri numfashi a cikin mutane.

thoracic numfashi

A irin wannan rayayye musharaka a cikin tsari kawai na sama na cikin huhu. Tsunduma hakarkarinsa, ko wani clavicle, inda da thoracic numfasawa irin aka raba da haƙarƙari kuma clavicular. Wannan ne ya fi kowa, amma ba mafi kyau hanya.

Haƙarƙari numfashi aka yi amfani da intercostal tsokoki da damar da kirji fadada zuwa bukata girma. A cikin exhale, da ciki intercostal tsokoki aka matsa, da iska ke fita. A tsari faruwa godiya ga cewa karankarman ƙirji da motsi da kuma iya a muhallinsu. Irin wannan numfashi kullum muhimmi a cikin mace jima'i.

Clavicular numfashi ne na kowa daga cikin tsofaffi saboda wani karu a cikin huhu aiki, kazalika da kowa a makarantar firamare yara. A kan zukar na clavicle tare da kirji dauke, exhale - saukar. Karsh da taimakon sternoclavicular tsokoki sosai na waje, mafi tsara don shiru da kuma auna hawan keke breaths.

Ciki (diaphragmatic) numfashi

Diaphragm irin numfashi aka dauke su more cikakken fiye da kirji, saboda mafi wadata da oxygen. A tsari da hannu a babban ɓangare na girma na cikin huhu.

Shi facilitates numfashi yunkuri na diaphragm. Wannan bangare tsakanin ciki da kuma kirji cavities, kunsha na tsoka da nama da kuma iya isasshe karfi da rage. A lokacin inhalation da ya faku, sa matsa lamba a kan peritoneum. Lokacin da ka exhale, a akasin haka, shi yakan tashi, shakatawa tsokoki na ciki.

Diaphragmatic numfashi ne na kowa daga maza, 'yan wasa, da mawaƙa, da yara. Koyi ciki numfashi ne mai sauki, akwai mai yawa na bada wajen samar da dabarun da suka kamata. Akwai darajan shi zuwa koyi da wannan - yana da kowa da kowa, amma shi ne na ciki numfashi damar jiki don samar da inganci zama dole oxygen ga m yawan motsa.

Sai ya faru da cewa a daya numfashin sake zagayowar ya shafi mutanen da kuma thoracic da kuma na ciki sassan. Fadada haƙarƙari, kuma tare da Gudun gudun da kuma budewa. sa'an nan ya kira gauraye (total) numfashi.

Nau'in na numfashi dangane da yanayin da numfashi ƙungiyoyi

Numfashi ne dogara ba kawai a kan abin ya shafa kungiyoyin na tsokoki, amma kuma a kan irin abubuwan da zurfin, mita, lokaci tazara tsakanin exhalation da wani sabon numfashi. Tare da m, intermittent kuma m numfashi huhu ba su cikakken ventilated. Wannan halitta sharadi gwargwado ga jikin kwayoyin cutar da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Cikakken numfashi ya shagaltar da ƙananan, na tsakiya da kuma na sama na huhu, wanda damar da su zuwa cikakken nuna. Yi amfani da duk amfani girma daga cikin kirji, da kuma cikin iska a cikin huhu da aka wallafa a dace hanya, ba kyale wa asali cutarwa kwayoyin. Man aikatawa cikakken numfashi, sa game da 14 breaths da minti. ba fiye da 16 breaths da minti bada shawarar cewa for kyau samun iska.

Tasiri na numfashi kiwon lafiya

Numfashin - babban tushen oxygen, wanda aka yaushe ake bukata wanda jiki ga al'ada rayuwa. Ingantaccen iska jini samar da isasshen oxygen, haramta motsa zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin da kuma huhu da kansu.

Yana da daraja abin lura ni'imar diaphragmatic numfashi: zama mafi bayyanawa da cikakken, shi ne ta halitta massages kayan ciki na peritoneal da kuma kirji. Inganta narkewa matakai, da matsa lamba na diaphragm a lokacin exhalation stimulates pericardium.

numfashi matsaloli kai ga tabarbarewar tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a salon salula matakin. Gubobi ba bayyana a cikin lokaci, samar da wani m yanayi domin ci gaba da cututtuka. Sashe na daga cikin iskar gas musayar ayyuka canjawa wuri zuwa ga fata, suna ɓuɓɓugar da shi zã da kuma ci gaban dermatological cututtuka.

Pathological iri numfashi

Akwai da dama iri mahaukaci numfasawa, wanda ya kasu kashi kungiyoyin dangane da hanyar keta iska. Dysregulation zai iya sa:

• bradypnea - numfashi ciki ayyuka, da mãsu haƙuri aikin kasa da 12 breaths da minti.
• tachypnea - ma m, kuma m numfashi (fiye da 24 breaths da minti).
• gipernoe - m da kuma zurfin numfashi hade tare da m reflex da humoral ruri da cututtuka daban-daban.
• apnea - wucin gadi lõkacin fatara daga numfashi, saboda wani karu a excitability na numfashi cibiyar a kwakwalwa raunuka ko saboda maganin sa barci, shi ne kuma zai yiwu reflex numfashi kama.

Lokaci-lokaci numfashi - wani tsari a cikin abin da numfashi jũyar da apnea. Iri biyu da oxygen wadata a cikin jiki, wanda ake kira: Cheyne-dana kunamar rura numfasawa da Biota.

Da farko halin da kara zurfin ƙungiyoyi, sannu-sannu ragewa zuwa apnea zaunanniya daƙiƙu 5-10. A kashi na biyu na al'ada numfashi hawan keke, alternating tare da taƙaitaccen apnea. A ci gaba da lokaci-lokaci numfashi tsokani farko cuta na numfashi cibiyar kwakwalwa saboda rauni ko ciwo.

Terminal iri numfashi

Komowar lalacewar numfashi aiwatar ƙarshe kai ga cikakken bayanin daina numfashi. Akwai ra'ayoyi na m aiki:

• Kussmaul numfashi - zurfi da kuma m, halin a hali na guba da gubobi, hypoxia, m kuma uraemic coma.
• apneysticheskoe - dogon numfashi da kuma gajeren numfashi, halayyar mai kwakwalwa rauni, mai tsanani mai guba effects.
• gasping breath-- flag zurfin hypoxia, hypercapnia, rare breaths da apnea 10-20 seconds kafin exhalation (kowa a tsanani pathological jihohin).

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa nasara farfado da haƙuri da numfashi aiki za a iya mayar da al'ada.