Pancreatic hormones - akanta.

pancreatic aiki. A endocrine aiki na pancreas sa ta musamman Kwayoyin na tun fil azal, na Langerhans - α-, β-, D- da kuma F-iri. Kwayoyin na kowane daga cikin wadannan iri asirce wasu hormones islet β-Kwayoyin nuna insulin, α-Kwayoyin - glucagon, D-Kwayoyin - somatostatin, secretin da pankreogastrin, F-cell hormone-kamar abubuwa suna hada (da lipokain vagotonin). Saboda haka, wani muhimmin Gabar da aka hannu a cikin tsari na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, ne pancreas. Hormones, hada wannan gland shine yake rinjayar duk iri metabolism a cikin jiki. Insulin bude LV Sobolєv a 1902. A cikin tsakiyar karni na 19th kafa hormone tsarin da ta kira da aka samar.

Pancreatic hormones: insulin. Hari na free insulin ne hanta Kwayoyin, tsoka da kuma connective nama. Insulin rinjayar duk iri mu'amala: furotin, carbohydrate, sia, amma da sakamako a kan metabolism na carbohydrates karatu mafi kyau. Da farko, insulin qara permeability na cell membranes zuwa glucose da haka samar da canja wurin daga jini zuwa kyallen takarda. Wannan hormone activates fosfoglyukotransferazu enzyme (geksozokinazu) da kuma kamar wancan ne samar da hira da glucose to glucose 6-phosphate. A karshen sakamakon insulin sakamako a kan carbohydrate metabolism ne akan rage jini glucose yawa (qarancin ruwa) da kuma jari na glycogen a tsoka, hanta da kuma sauran gabobin. Saboda da rashi na insulin Kwayoyin rasa su ikon amfani da glucose. Its adadin a cikin jini hankali qara (hyperglycemia), da kuma ta fara tsayawa daga cikin fitsari (glycosuria).

Bayan insulin kara habaka glucose kai daga jini aiki amino acid, a cikin cytoplasm na Lymph Kwayoyin, shi activates kwafi da translation, sakamakon waye gina jiki kira.

Effect na insulin a kan sia metabolism sa da cewa shi bayar da yin amfani da carbohydrates ga kira na mafi girma carboxylic acid, an riga an kafa triacylglycerols da sauran lipids. A daya hannun, insulin damuarn nama lipase, ciki har da saboda hanawa daga sansanin samuwar. Ƙarancin samuwar insulin a cikin jiki tare da kara rage daraja na amino acid, wanda kyakkyawan take kaiwa zuwa jari na ammonia da urea a cikin jini. Kunna lipolysis, abu don jini jari na free m acid, ketone jikinsu da kuma cholesterol.

Hormones na pancreas: glucagon. Glucagon hari ne hanta Kwayoyin, adipose nama da tsoka, amma babban daya ne hanta, wanda aka kunna a ƙarƙashin rinjayar glucagon phosphorylase, wanda a nuna activates da hydrolysis na glycogen. Saboda haka, adadin glycogen a cikin hanta rage-rage, kuma Yanã ƙãra a jini glucose. Bugu da kari, glucagon kara habaka gluconeogenesis, activates lipolysis na adipose nama da kuma ta haka ne ya hana ci gaban kiba. Wannan yana tare da samuwar yawa acetyl-CoA da ketone jikinsu. Rage-rage glucagon mugunya a hyperglycemia kuma qara da danniya da kuma aiki tukuru.

Hormones na pancreas: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruet aiki hormone insulin da glucagon, gastrin da selection gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu mugunya hydrochloric acid. Take hakki na incretion na insulin, glucagon, kuma somatostatin underlie da ci gaban da ciwon sukari. Wannan cutar halin a general wani rauni, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (kullum adadin fitsari ƙaruwa ta 3-5 sau), akwai m cataract, corneal shirin hana haske da aka rubuta.

Hormones na pancreas: lipokain da vagotonin. Lipokain - hormone-kamar abu wanda ya hana m hanta, shi stimulates da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na fats, m acid da su kanti daga hanta da kyallen takarda, na inganta biosynthesis na phospholipids. Vagotonin stimulates na ayyuka na parasympathetic juyayi tsarin, musamman da vagus jijiya, activates hematopoiesis tafiyar matakai.