Pear Helen: bayanin irin iri-iri, halaye, da hotuna

A kasar mu, yana da wuya a sami wannan a lambu mãkirci, wanda zai ba girma pears. Hakika, fãce arewacin yankunan. Kuma har kwanan nan, wadannan zafi-m itatuwa so domin ta m, kuma m 'ya'yan itãcen marmari kawai lambu da kudancin yankunan kasar mu. Godiya ga aiki na gida shayarwa, sabon sanyi-resistant iri da aka bred.

Yana yiwuwa ya fadada da yiwuwar girma wadannan kwazazzabo 'ya'yan zuwa temperate latitudes. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gabatar muku da wasu pears (CV tare da photo da kuma bayanin). Da yawa daga cikinsu da aka sani na dogon lokaci, amma yanzu growers a zabi. Daya daga cikinsu shi da pear Rasha kyakkyawa, bred makiyayin mai suna Cibiyar I. V. Michurina SF Chernenko. Wasu growers, wannan iri-iri da aka sani da ya biyu sunan - Belle Chernenko.

bayanin irin iri-iri

Wannan ra'ayi da aka samu a mararraba na biyu iri: Bere Ardanpon da Daughter blank. Grade raba mukamin da kyau tabbatar a noma tsakiyar yankin na Rasha. Pear Rasha kyakkyawa - mai tsayi itace, wanda da yawa lambu koma zuwa disadvantages, kamar yadda shi ya sa ya wuya a kula da ita.

The itacen yana da wani wajen rare ga irin wannan shuka kunkuntar-pyramidal kambi. Harbe su ne dan kadan mai lankwasa, matsakaici kauri, tare da negligible cranked. Suna fentin a wani m-kasa-kasa, m, glabrous. Koda 'ya'yan ne manyan, da mazugi siffar. A ganye suna elongated, manyan, nuna, duhu kore tare da wata sandan-dimbin yawa tushe. Farantin talauci folded, lankwasa, serrulate tare da gefuna, m. Petiole talakawan kauri da kuma tsawon ba tare da pubescence.

Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne manya-manyan. A cikin talakawan nauyi ne 180 grams. Da wani elongated siffar, da ɗan m, da wani talakawan yawa na fata ta rufe da rauni Bloom. A mataki na balaga m fentin a kore launi da kadan zama ja murfin. Greenish-yellow tare da m-kasa-kasa zama ja bayyana a lokacin siye balaga. A 'ya'yan itace da ɓangaren litattafan almara ne fari, dan kadan matt, musamman m, da ciwon polumaslyanistuyu daidaito. A dandano ne m-dadi, tare da m ƙanshi.

Pear Helen: bayanin irin iri-iri

Wani rannezimny iri-iri cewa ya zama Popular a Jamhuriyar Rasha. Wannan ba wani sabon samfurin selection, kuma a fi so da yawa kyau kwarai da kuma m iri-iri, bred 'yan shekarun da suka gabata da suka wuce.

Flowering pear fara a tsakiyar watan Mayu kuma yana ba fiye da makonni biyu. A 'ya'yan itatuwa nunarsa a karshen watan Satumba. Harvest dole ne a sanya a cikin kwanaki goma bayan balaga, in ba haka ba da pears zai fada saukar zuwa ga ƙasa. Ba tare da asarar dandano da samfurin quality a wani sanyi dakin pear Elena adana don har zuwa hudu watanni.

History of maki

Pear Helen yana da wani sunan - Gehine. Wannan iri-iri da aka horar a kudancin Tsakiya Black Duniya yankuna na kasar mu. Ya aka samu a Armenia a shekarar 1960, sanannun makiyayin PG Karatyanom a lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin Bere hunturu Michurin da Forest Beauty.

Features

Elena pear iri - shi ne low ko slaboroslye itatuwa tare da pyramidal kambi, da ciwon wani talakawan mataki na yawa daga itãce. Na 'ya'yan fari ya bayyana a cikin shekara ta bakwai bayan dasa. Flowering pear 'ya'yan sa ya auku a shekara, har ma a karkashin mafi wuya yanayin yanayi.

A talakawan amfanin ƙasa na balagagge itace ne fiye da arba'in kilo. Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne manyan (har zuwa 200 g) ne taso keya-pear siffar. Suna sa a dan kadan mai lankwasa takaice da kuma m zangarniya. By lokacin ripening ne masu launin greenish-yellow launi da kadan zama ja.

Elena yana da wani mau kirim pear m ɓangaren litattafan almara da m texture. Yana yana da dadi dadi da dandano da m ƙanshi.

Yau ne mai matukar rare marigayi pears. Iri da hotuna sau da yawa nuna daban-daban mai son lambu nuna cewa inganta harkokin popularization na san iri, kiwo saba da sababbin kayayyakin.

Pear Elena yana high mabukaci halaye na 'ya'yan itace. Su ne dace da amfani a sabo ne da kuma gwangwani form. Wani amfani da iri-iri za a iya gani a matsayin jure yawa fungal cututtuka. Wannan iri-iri ba zai tasiri a scab da septoria tabo.

Dasa da kuma kula

Matasa shuke-shuke pear za a iya dasa a spring da kaka. Gogaggen lambu dauke da ganiya lokaci domin dasa karshen watan Afrilu da farkon rabin Oktoba. Pear Elena fi son loamy kasa. Su ba ka damar samun mafi kyau (yawa da kuma ingancin) amfanin gona. Clay, kamar yashi, ƙasa da dasa bukatar a inganta.

Don kara da watsin da iska a wani nauyi ƙasa, ya ƙara da wata babbar kogin yashi, peat, takin. Domin dasa seedling tono wani rami zurfin ba kasa da saba'in santimita to game da mita a diamita. A kasa za ka iya saka irin goro bawo.

Musamman hankali ya kamata a bai wa dasa pear a kan site, wanda kwanta kusa da qasa ruwa. Domin kada ya sha wahala da tushen tsarin na shuke-shuke, shi ne zama dole su yi ta tono a tsagi for cire wuce haddi danshi. A rigar yankunan pear Elena zai ji dadi idan shuka shi ne, ba wani tudu, data kasance ko halitta artificially.

Kula: Pruning

Elena pear pruning. Wannan aiki ne da za'ayi a farkon spring, zai fi dacewa a watan Maris. Wajibi ne a cire bushe da matattu rassan itace da kuma tsohon flower buds. Wata sifa ta wannan iri-iri za a iya daukan dũkiyar matasa twigs ba cikakken girbi. Bugu da kari, da trimming wajibi ne ga samuwar itacen kambi.

spraying

A cikin spring daukawa fitar da m magani shuke-shuke daga cututtuka da kuma kwari. Ya kamata a yi a watan Afrilu, ko Mayu, a lokacin da buds Bloom, sa'an nan - bayan bayyanar buds. Spraying ne da za'ayi a karo na uku a cikin makonni uku. A lokacin rani, duk likita ayyuka suna da za'ayi kawai a gaban wannan cutar. Novice lambu kamata ka sani cewa spraying bishiyoyi chemistries ya kamata a daina amfani da wata daya kafin a sa ran girbi.

top-miya

Seedling pears fara ciyar a cikin shekara ta biyu bayan dasa. A tsakiyar watan Mayu zuwa kasar gona da nitrogen taki - ammonium nitrate ko urea. A daidai wannan lokaci, za ka iya takin da shuka micronutrients. A wannan lokaci, a kusa da itacen shuka kore taki (shuke-shuke da suke iya inganta ƙasa tsari da kuma wadãtar da shi tare da nitrogen). Wadannan sun hada da:

• Phacelia.
• mustard.
• Clover.
• lupins.

A mafi muhimmanci hadi ne da za'ayi a cikin kaka. Karkashin kambi pears sanya Organic taki (ash, takin, lemun tsami, humus da sauransu.).

watering

Pear Elena ne m ga laima. A lokacin rani, babban zafi ba zai iya jure bushewa fitar da kasar gona, kana bukatar m kuma na yau da kullum watering shi. Kafin na farko sanyi a fall, gudanar da wani da ake kira vlagozaryad itatuwa. Domin wannan bishiya yalwa shayar har ruwa ya infiltrated cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin akalla 80 cm Wannan zai ba da damar da itacen sauki ga jure sanyi -. Rigar ƙasa ba chilled ma mai zurfi, kasar gona da aka numfashi, da kuma tushen tsarin cikin hunturu za samun ruwa.

Cututtuka da kuma kwari

Duk da cewa wannan iri-iri ne ba ya shafa scab da Septoria resistant zuwa fungal cututtuka, shi ne barazana da sauran cututtuka na hali na wadannan itatuwa ( 'ya'yan rot, baki ciwon daji, powdery fumfuna, tsatsa). Idan babu isasshen m matakan da za su iya haifar da itatuwa da kuma 'ya'yan itãcen mai tsanani da kuma wani lokacin irreparable lalacewa.

Babban hanyoyin da iko da kwari da cututtuka ne na yau da kullum spraying, kona shafa ganye, cire xauke da cuta sassa na itace da 'ya'yan itace.

Pear Elena: reviews lambu

A cewar mutanen da suka girma da wannan iri-iri a cikin yankunan, shi ne manufa domin Tsakiya Rasha. Wannan sa yana da abũbuwan amfãni mãsu yawa, daga cikinsu musamman gano lambu kyau kwarai palatability, high da ake samu, dogon tukunya rayuwa 'ya'yan itatuwa da su ikon safarar a tsawon nisa. Duk da haka, da yawa ce cewa kula da itacen n hadaddun, da kuma batun talakawa dokoki na noma da fasaha, shi ya ba da kyau kwarai da ake samu.