Raster graphics. Raster Formats. Disadvantages na raster graphics

Kwamfuta graphics zare jiki amma kahu sosai a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum. An dade daina zama da yawa na Elite. Duk lokacin da canja wurin hotuna daga dijital kamara zuwa kwamfutarka, ko kawai danna kan "Ajiye" button don ƙara zuwa ga tarin kuka fi so hoto, za ka yi aiki tare da kwamfuta graphics.

An shi daraja jawabin lokaci a kan ka'idar?

Asali sanin yadda da hanyar aiki tare da hotuna, za mu bauta maka kyau. Fadada bayan da sunan fayil zai daina zama a gare ku mai irin sihiri abracadabra, kuma za a kai a kai bayar da muhimmanci bayanai. Za ka iya sani hukunci wanda images to damfara mafi alhẽri, don haka kamar yadda ba su hayaniya up sarari a kan rumbunka da hankali zabi, wanda hanya za a iya yi.

Gyara naka hotuna da kuma tafi daga "Hanyar kimiyya mashi" zuwa dukan sabon matakin. Kuma wasu m fun tare da images a kan allon kuma sannu a hankali ya wuce, a wani wajen lucrative job.

Bambanci tsakanin raster da vector graphics

A wannan batu a cikin kwamfuta yanayi ne yafi amfani vector da raster graphics. Su ne fundamentally daban-daban daga juna Hanyar shigar da bayanai.

Ba asiri da cewa duk data a kwamfuta rubuta tare da wani binary code. Saboda haka, duk wani bayani, zama da shi rubutu, image ko sauti a wasu hanya da aka rufaffen. Domin ci gaba da vector image, shi ya rushe a cikin na farko na lissafi siffofi, wanda, bi da bi, aka bayyana ta a sauki ilmin lissafi dabara. Saboda haka, misali, "i" wasika zuwa ga edita zana da za a bayyana ta biyu a layi daya segments na qaddara tsawon wanda aka haɗa ta da wani layi a wani kwana na 45 digiri.

Raster wannan hoton da aka raba a kan wani daban-daban manufa. Kwamfuta ta tsãge a cikin wani jam'i na image maki, da ake kira pixels, da kuma Stores da launi da kuma wuri na kowane pixel.

Amfani ko rashin amfani

Idan ka yi aiki tare da vector zane, za ka iya rubuce kara shi don rashin iyaka. Bugu da ƙari, cikin image quality ne a cikin wata hanya ba ya canzawa. Tun da sigogi an saita a cikin nau'i na lissafi dabarbari, da kwamfuta kawai recycles su, kuma ya cika duk voids so launi. A sakamakon haka, kana da wata hujja image.

Disadvantages na raster graphics suna kafe a gaskiyar cewa matsawa (wanda a mafi yawan lokuta faruwa a lokacin da ka ajiye fayil) zai iya muhimmanci m yi. Akwai abin da ake kira hatsi. Duk da haka, shi ne raster graphics amfani da hadaddun images. A vector zane, za ka iya ƙirƙiri kawai sosai sauki images. Saboda haka yanzu za mu mayar da hankali a kan inda amfani raster graphics.

aikace-aikace

Raster images suna daidai aika da da abinda ke ciki na leka abubuwa. Tare da su taimako, za ka iya aiki tare da sautunan da m launi miƙa mulki. Pictures dauka tare da wani digital, da kuma amfani da kawai bitmaps. Har ila yau, wannan format ne ba makawa kayan aiki a filin na yanar gizo zane.

Raster Formats

Ka tuna cewa image bayanai a wannan harka da aka shigar wanda ke aiki ta amfani da maki. Naúrar ne a cikin wannan tsarinsa pixel. Wannan - da mafi ƙasƙanci batu, wanda ba za a iya raba ko dai cikin sharuddan size ko cikin sharuddan launi.

Number of dige da naúrar yankin da aka ce qaddara ne ƙuduri. Hoton da hakan resolution (manyan yawan mutum maki), za mu iya ganin wani sarari image da kuma m launi mulki. Duk da haka, a lokuta lokacin da ƙuduri ne low, da image quality iya shan wahala ƙwarai (saboda kwamfuta kawai nuna da bayanai a ƙwaƙwalwar da yawan maki da kuma lullube su da nema size).

Tsarin fayil za a iya wajen kwatanta da harshe. Domin kai wannan bayani a cikin harsuna daban-daban, za su bukatar wata lambar daban na haruffa, sauti da kuma kalmomi. Har ila yau, a mafi yawan lokuta, zai bambanta da nahawu yi. A "fassara" da wadannan "harsuna" a cikin kwakwalwa ne musamman shirye-shirye da suke da ko dai "karanta" shi, ko tuba zuwa da ake so format.

Babban bambancin dake tsakanin tsare-tsare ne har yanzu a hanya don ajiye bayanai. Ka yi la'akari da ya fi na kowa.

BMP

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin majagaba. A lokacin da aka ci gaba, raster graphics ne, shi za a iya ce a farkon sosai ba ta zama. Halittawa ba musamman dame kuma BMP kaddara to sequentially adanar kowane pixel. A gaskiya, shi dai kawai wani kwafin, amma tare da wasu asarar launi, kamar yadda a cikin zubar da BMP format na 256 launuka.

TIFF

Ƙato isasshen a kan sikelin da dijital ajiya, amma kawai irreplaceable a cikin derivation na bayanai buga. A bambanci, shi na goyon bayan BMP matsawa (matsawa) bayanai. Kuma za ka iya amfani da su ba daya amma da dama daban-daban lissafi mai tsauri. Duk da haka, idan ba a ba ka aiki a bugu masana'antu, ko a kalla wasu daga cikin wallafa gidan, wani tsanani ikon a cikin wannan format da kake ba musamman bukatar.

GIF

Wannan ne mafi kusa da real amfani (ga wadanda ba kwararru) format. Musamman an san da yiwuwar amfani da animation jerin. Kwamfuta graphics sanya a cikin wannan format ba ka damar haifar Semi-m image. Duk da haka, wani m sauyin launuka ba za ka iya wuce. Mafi sau da yawa, da yin amfani da raster graphics a GIF format za a iya gani a yanar gizo zane. Yana da jituwa tare da duk dandamali da kuma ma quite m compresses da bayanai, wanda yake shi ne wani muhimmin factor a cikin wuyan Web shafukan gudun.

JPEG

A mafi m format. Kuma shi ke da suka cancanta. Duk wani graphics raster graphics edita babu shakka goyi bayan wannan format. Yana da aka tsara tare da wani dalili - mu rabu da hane-hane hõre ta matsa GIF-fayiloli. A matsawa algorithm a cikin wannan format rabo kai 100 raka'a. Wannan shi ne babban nuna alama. Duk da haka, irin wannan matsawa har yanzu yana da nasa drawbacks - akwai wasu data asarar, kuma yana yiwuwa cewa ceto da image zai zama da ɗan Heart. Tun da yake wannan format kawai jefa cikin bayanai da aka dauke bai isa a kula, akwai ko da yaushe wani hadarin murdiya na wasu cikakkun bayanai.

JPEG 2000

An inganta version na wani a baya version. Hoton bayanai da aka matsa ma fi m da kuma asarar quality ya zama da yawa karami. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan ne format used to kantin sayar da hotuna a kan kwamfutarka kuma a kan Internet rumbun kwamfutarka. Duk da haka, ka sani cewa idan ka akai-akai ajiye wannan hoton a JPEG ko JPEG 2000 format, kowane lokaci shi zai rasa guda na bayanai, da kuma ƙarshe za ka samu muhimmanci gurbata kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da asali image.

PNG

Muhimmanci inganta ingancin yan'uwanmu GIF format. Tsarẽwa kusan dukan abũbuwan amfãni daga da wanda ya riga, shi ne bã tãre da ta flaws. Amfani ga image tace, kazalika a shafin yanar gizo zane. Bugu da kari, PNG, sabanin GIF, a hukumance ne da yardar kaina samuwa.

PSD

Raster graphics a PSD format da aka sarrafa musamman a cikin shirin Adobe Photoshop. Wannan ciki kunshin wannan shirin. Yana goyon bayan da aiki tare da yadudduka na edited image.

CDR

Wannan ne ma ciki jakar domin raster graphics shirin Corel Draw. Yawanci, wannan shirin yana amfani da mai hoto zanen kaya don ƙirƙirar hotuna daga karce. Amma babu shakka goyon kuma tace aiki.

Raster graphics edita

Kuma yanzu, wasu daga cikin shirye-shirye da aiki tare da image tace.

A mafi shahara tsakanin masu amfani a halin yanzu da shirin Adobe Photoshop, da na kowa mutane kira kawai "Photoshop". Wannan ci gaban, a gaskiya, monopolized aiki tare da bitmap hotuna a cikin kafofin watsa labarai zane kwararru. Duk da haka, wannan shirin da aka biya da kuma halin kaka ba sai kadan. Saboda haka za mu fara bayyana ci gaban sauran kamfanoni. Wasu daga cikin su sun riga sun karɓi quite yadu used.

Wannan ga "Photoshop", shi yana da wani sakamako a kan da shahararsa. Wannan dubawa shirin ne quite sauki, kuma a cikin da dama Koyawa, video shakka, kuma babu kasawa babu.

A "Photoshop", ba za ka iya kawai yin wani tarin hotunan da hotuna ko ƙara image gina-in effects. Ainihin ayyuka na shirin za a iya koya sosai da sauri, kuma shi zai bude kofa ga rashin jirgin na zato. Za ka iya zuwa gyara bayyanar flaws, daidaita launuka, canja bango da yawa, abubuwa da yawa.

GIMP tace

Kamar yadda da free shirye-shirye, sa'an nan za ka iya amince da shawarar GIMP. Wannan tace ne sauki latsa untwisted "Photoshop". Ya daidai copes da dukkan ayyuka da ake bukata domin tace bitmaps, kuma yana da wasu na farko ayyuka don aiki tare da vector graphics.

A GIMP ba ka damar yin photos fiye da kuzari da rai, da shi da sauƙi kawar da ba dole ba abubuwa daga image, kuma za a iya amfani da horo na sana'a zane ayyukan. Kwamfuta graphics halitta da wannan shirin, shi ya dubi halitta da kuma ya yi daidai da kyau a cikin sauran hoto.

Editing Corel Draw

Yana zai zama daidai ba ne a yi watsi da samar da kamfanin Corel. A Corel Draw zaka iya aiki tare da biyu raster da vector images. Damar da wannan kayan aiki suna da yawa, cewa binciken na Corel Draw shirin na kunshe a cikin m horo hanya ga mai hoto zanen kaya a kolejoji.

Wannan shirin da aka ma biya, da kuma arsenal na ta kayayyakin supplemented da enviable tsari. Amma, duk da gagarumin damar cewa wannan na samar da mai amfani da aka zana edita, ta ilhama ke dubawa sa aikace-aikace a yardarSa.

Free image Editocin

Kuma kawai kamar wata magana game da madadin image tace shirye-shirye. A mafi yawan lokuta, sun yi wani m aiki tare da bukatar talakawan mai amfani, sarari da kuma albarkatun a kan kwamfutarka, kai wani sulusi da murabba'i. Kuma zuwa aiki tare da su a cikin dogon gudu yana da sauki, domin ka ba za a shere da bukatar ka zabi tsakanin dukan nau'i na ayyuka, wanda dalili ba gaba ɗaya bayyana.

Idan ka na son sabon abu, kuma a mafi comic hotuna, kokarin yin amfani da shirin Funny Photo Maker. Akwai za ka sami mai yawa asali Frames da funny gani effects.

Don ƙarin tsanani aikin m Picasa. Wannan edita ya kaifafa da amfani da kwamfuta cibiyoyin sadarwa. Its sabon fasali ba ka damar ko da sauki yin fitar da pages a kan social networks. A gina-in effects for tace ba zai kunyatar ko mafi gogaggen sana'a.

Wani mai ban sha'awa shirin - a Paint.NET. Yana da matukar kama a fasali da kuma damar zuwa Adobe Photoshop. A yi amfani da Paint.NET kayan aikin iya tsanani gasa tare da ya ce kasuwanci takwarorinsu.