Densitometry - abin da yake da shi? Kashi densitometry da kuma kashin baya: alamomi da farashin

Kashi yawa nuna matakin na maida hankali inorganic mahadi (msl, alli). Kawai sa, wannan siga nuna ƙarfi daga cikin abubuwa.

Overview

Tare da adadin kashi ga kowane mutum a tsawon shekaru rage-rage. Abubuwa zama sirara kuma su tsarin - mafi porous. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da samuwar kashi nama ne hankali fiye da halaka, catabolism ne Marinjãyi a kan anabolism. Tare da shekaru inganta leaching na inorganic mahadi daga cikin abubuwa. Wannan, bi da bi, rage ƙarfin kasũsuwa, ashe, da kara da alama na samu karaya. Saboda haka, osteopenia hankali take kaiwa zuwa osteoporosis. A denser asali kashi, ya fi tsayi zai dauki ga ta hallaka. To ƙarfafa tasiri motsa jiki (horo a kan simulators da kuma tafiya) da alli kari. A mafi zamani hada da kayayyakin aiki, kamar "Actonel", "Fomasaks", "Miakaltsik". Menopausal mata sanya hormone (maye) far. Ya taimaka wajen rage gudu catabolism.

hadarin dalilai

taimakawa wajen ci gaban osteoporosis, wasu dalilai.

• Age. Yawanci, to da shekaru 30 da aka samu matsakaicin ƙarfi da kashi yawa. Bayan da cewa akwai wani gradual rage.
• A jinsi factor. Laulayi mafi ci gaban halaka ne mata fiye da shekaru 50. Su hudu sau fiye da maza yiwuwa ga osteoporosis.
• Kashi tsarin da jiki nauyi. Manyan mata ne mafi yiwuwa ga osteoporosis fiye da ramammu da kuma bakin ciki. A halin da ake ciki shi ne irin wannan da adynamic maza.
• Yarda da wani yawan magunguna. Alal misali, tare da shafe tsawon amfani da steroid jamiái (msl miyagun ƙwayoyi "prednisolone") ne Littafi mummunan sakamako a kan kashi kiwon lafiya. Wannan, bi da bi, qara da alama na tasowa osteoporosis.
• A gaban kashi samu karaya a anamnesis.
• Postoperative yanayin bayan kau na ovaries.
• Family tarihi. Daya daga cikin mafi muhimman abubuwa a ci gaba na kashi cuta an dauke su hereditary. A hali idan dangi (kakaninki, iyaye, kakaninki) ba daga ãyõyin osteoporosis (misali, karaya na femur da kadan fall), hadarin ta ci gaba ne quite high.
• Wuce kima ci barasa.
• A gaban wani somatic Pathology tare da wuce kima tukar tumbi da alli a kashi nama (msl hypothyroidism).
• Jiki rashin aiki.
• Da farko, na bakin ciki kasusuwa.
• Abinci da low abun ciki na bitamin D da alli.
• Farkon menopause.

Ji na nama yawa: Hanyar

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban da za su gudanar da wani binciken. Daya m Hanyar ne densitometry. Abin da irin bincike? Wannan hanya ne da za'ayi a kan wani musamman kwanan wata kayan aiki. A lokacin binciken da haƙuri ta'allaka ne a kan ya dawo a kan tebur, da ƙasƙantattu shins saukar ko mike kafafu. Next, la'akari da abin da zai iya zama densitometry, shi ne a wani hali da shawarar.

Dual-makamashi X-ray bincikowa

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin hanyoyi da za a iya yi densitometry. Mẽne ne - dual-makamashi x-ray? Wannan hanya an dauki mafi m ji da nama. A wannan yanayin, biyu daban-daban bim. Wannan hanya da aka yi densitometry na kashin baya da kuma kwatangwalo. A denser da nama, da more wuya ta wuce ta X-ray masaƙa. A summation, da kuma gwada sakamakon biyu sha effects gwani ne iya more daidai saita yawa raguwa a nama. Ta wajen densitometry za a iya auna da asarar 2% na taro a kowace shekara. Yana densitometry (cewa shi ne, a sama) a kananan lokaci lokaci. A radiation kashi ne sosai low a cikin binciken.

Gefe kashi densitometry

The bayanai a cikin binciken da aka shirya a wani kwatanci ne hanya zuwa ga cewa da aka bayyana a sama. Densitometry, farashin wanda za a tattauna a kasa, damar gano da yawa daga cikin nama a cikin kafa kuma hannunka - a cikin diddige da kuma wuyan hannu. Duk da haka, a wasu yankunan a gudanar da wani ji ne musamman wuya. A musamman, wannan yana zartuwa ga kashin baya da kuma saman ƙananan ƙwarai, inda samu karaya faruwa mafi akai-akai. Lokacin da a wannan yanayin binciken amfani da wani sosai low sashi na radiation. Gefe densitometers ne šaukuwa phones. Su za a iya amfani da wani talakawa ofis likita. Ya kamata a lura da cewa bayanai abun ciki na wannan bincike Hanyar ba sosai high. Gefe kashi densitometry aka saita su lokacin yin nunawa kima kazalika a sa idanu yadda ya dace da magani daga osteoporosis.

Biyu-photon Hanyar

A wannan yanayin binciken, an yi amfani da rediyoaktif isotopes. A Hanyar sa ya yiwu don kimanta da yawa daga cikin nama a cikin kashin baya da kuma hip. A lokacin hanya, kuma ya yi amfani da low radiation sashi. Ba dole ne a ce cewa biyu-photon densitometry na kashin baya da kuma hip bukatar wani tsawon lokaci don samun sakamakon.

gwada yawa CT

Wannan shi ne daya irin Dabarar, a cikinsa domin Dabarar Tsarin kasusuwan da wani gaskiya hoto na nama Jihar X-ray radiation da ake amfani a girma form. Duk da haka, wannan hanya ba a yi amfani da a yi sau da yawa kamar, msl, na gefe kashi densitometry (kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama). Wannan shi ne saboda high radiation load a kan kwayoyin.

duban dan tayi densitometry

Wannan Hanyar bincike dogara ne a kan ji da kalaman gudu tare da shi ne rarraba kan masana'anta surface. Bugu da kari, da kiyasta broadband a warwatse a cikin manufa zone. Godiya ga wannan hanya, wani gwani iya tantance ba kawai da yawa, amma kuma da stiffness da elasticity na nama. Informativeness na wannan binciken ne muhimmanci na baya zuwa ga waɗanda a cikin abin da X-haskoki ana amfani.

shaidar

Sha densitometry bada shawarar a cikin wadannan Categories al'ummominsu.

• Mutane da ciwon fiye da 2 hadarin dalilai for osteoporosis.
• Mata a menopause. Ya kamata a duba yadda wucin gadi (bayan kau na ovaries) da kuma a cikin halitta jihar.
• Maza fiye da shekaru 50.
• Marasa lafiya wanda ya tsĩrar da osteoporosis a radiographs.
• Mutane daga shekaru 40 da suka yi daya ko fiye samu karaya (a cikin hali na hatsari, da dama, raunin da ya faru a wurin aiki ko wasanni).
• Marasa lafiya da endocrine da rheumatic pathologies.
• Marasa lafiya da scoliosis, herniated fayafai, low ciwon baya ko laka rauni.
• Wadanda karbar magani na osteoporosis (domin sanin yadda ya dace).
• Mata, dogon lokaci don amfani hormonal hana.
• Mutane da kadan karuwa (har zuwa daya da rabi mita), ba saboda gadar hali.
• Mutane taro index wanda ya kai 18,5 raka'a.

contraindications

Tun da aiwatar da hanya da mãsu haƙuri ne fallasa zuwa X-ray daukan hotuna da aka ba da shawarar densitometry (ko da a cikin kananan allurai) ga mata masu ciki. Wannan shi ne saboda da high yiwuwar m sakamako na radiation a kan tayin. Daga cikin wasu dalilai domin binciken iya contraindicated, ya kamata a lura:

• gaban ƙarfe implants amfani a reconstructive tiyata.
• amosanin gabbai na kashin baya.
• kwanan nan raunuka, samu karaya.

Densitometry ba da shawarar for 10 days bayan X-ray jarrabawa ta amfani da wani barium bambanci.

horo

Densitometry, farashin wanda dabam tsakanin 2,000 rubles - wani m hanya. Kafin ta aiwatar ba lallai ba ne a kowane hanya musamman shirye. Yawanci, domin ji daga nama yawa ya ishe guda hanya.

A hanya na binciken

Kafin yin hanya, da haƙuri da aka tambayi cire duk kayan ado abubuwa tare da karfe abubuwa. A binciken da ba sa mutum rashin jin daɗi, shi ne wadanda ba masu cin zali. Densitometry ba sa illa effects. Its duration - 5-20 minti. A tsawon lokaci ya dogara da adadin bincike. A lokacin da scanning hanya ake yi tare da X-haskoki kwarangwal yankunan. Da aunawa da matakin na radiation sha gyaran gaba daya a haska. Bisa ga wannan bayani, da jadawalin da aka gina. The ji rabo daga tsinkaya yankin da kuma maida hankali na ma'adinai mahadi. Bisa ga wadannan Manuniya da aka lasafta nama yawa.

sakamakon

A dabi'u samu ta hanyar aunawa karshen, ya bayyana Manuniya T da kuma Z. A farko T-ci kwantanta da yawa daga cikin kashi nama na haƙuri don sarrafa sigogi na lafiya mutane 30 shekara. Z Scale ba ka damar kwatanta da talakawan sigogi a cikin yawan bisa ga tseren, jinsi da shekaru. Yadda aka saba, da ƙarfi ya kamata ba ƙananan fiye da 1 misali karkacewa. The yawa a cikin kewayon daga -1 zuwa -2.5 T-ci ne a matsayin osteopenia, Ina nufin jihar kafin bayyanar osteoporosis a matsakaici hadarin na samu karaya. Lokacin da gudanar da bincike dauki la'akari nama yawa nonuniformity a daban-daban shafukan.

a ƙarshe

Yau, da ganewar asali osteoporosis, mafi m bincike Hanyar ne daidai densitometry. Ina yi wa hanya? Wannan bincike da aka yi a kusan kowane birni na kasar, da sulhu da kuma kunkuntar-profile kananan dakunan shan magani. Idan dole su maimaita hanyoyin da cewa taimaka motsa jiki da iko a kan Jihar ma'adinai metabolism. Su mita aka zaba domin kowane haƙuri akayi daban-daban. Wannan daukan la'akari fasali na sana'a, shekaru, da kuma likita tarihi.