Revolutionary Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich: biography, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts na rayuwa

A nan gaba neman sauyi Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich aka haife Agusta 15, 1887, a wani karamin gona Caune Latvian. Uwãyensa sun kasance talakawa manoma. yaron ta ilimi da aka iyakance zuwa biyu azuzuwan a cikin Ikklesiya da makaranta. A cikin shekaru 18 da shekaru, Ian shiga jam'iyyar RSDLP da daga baya ya ki tunanin da Mensheviks shiga cikin Bolsheviks.

Junior sauyi

Kasa Rudzutak wani Latvian, don haka ya jam'iyyar aikin da aka yafi hade da shi da 'yan qasar ƙasar. Ya dauki sunan karkashin kasa Pumpur Vindavsky kuma gangarawa wani gida kwamitin RSDLP. The kungiyar da aka hanzari samun ƙarfi da girma. Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich alhakin sufuri zuwa Latvia doka littattafai, wasu 'yan takardu, da makamai, farfaganda jaridu da aka kawo a kan jirãge daga kasashen waje a karkashin sunan cinikayya kaya.

Shin shi duka riga da zarar ya mutu saukar farko juyin juya halin na 1905-1906. Mutane da yawa gwagwarmaya a lokacin da aka kama, da kuma 'yan sanda na ci gaba da bincika Sauran Bolsheviks, a san shi da m matsayi da hukumomi. Tare da daukar ma'aikata na mata sun dasa neman sauyi jamiái na asirin 'yan sanda gudanar farko samu kan sawu, sa'an nan infiltrate da Vindavsky kwamitin. A 1909 Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich aka kama shi kuma yanke masa hukuncin wani ajali na shekaru 15 a kurkuku.

1917 shi ne

Bolshevik, kamar da yawa daga cikin yan'uwansu a masĩfa, aka saki kafin lokaci saboda Fabrairu juyin juya halin da kuma m afuwa. Da zarar kan waje, Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich nan da nan ya koma riga ya saba da shi da jam'iyyar aiki. Ya zama wani malami a Moscow Regional Ofishin Soviets. A mafi muhimmanci aiki na wani sauyi da aka kafa lambobi da kwadago na yadi a cikin Tsakiya Industrial yankin. A cikin wannan yanayi, da proletarian Bolsheviks sun musamman sosai agitation.

Very da sauri Jan Ernestovich Rudzutak an zabe sakataren kungiyar kwadago na yadi ma'aikata na Moscow yankin. Ya shirya babbar doka na 1917, wanda ya fara a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba. Wannan zanga-zanga da matalauta aiki yanayin da aka samu halartar 300 dubu ma'aikata. Hadewa mataki ya kai ga dakatar da samarwa Shuya, Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Kostroma, Kineshma, kafet. A 'yan kwanaki bayan wadannan abubuwan, Lenin magoya bayan aiwatar da wani juyin mulki a Petrograd. Game da canji na iko a babban birnin kasar Rudzutak, wanda yake a Moscow, na koya a kan waya. Bolsheviks da da ewa kafa iko a kan Farko Al'arshi.

Aiki a Koli tattalin arziki Council

A May 1918, Yang Ernestovich Rudzutak zama memba na Presidium Koli tattalin arziki Council (Koli tattalin arziki Council). A daidai wannan lokaci da ya fara kai yadi sashen. Kafin wani memba na jam'iyyar ke fuskantar tsanani kalubale - ya mayar da kamfanonin tsaya. Bugu da kari, sun yi da za a nationalized. New umarni shirya ba faufau duk, don haka da aiki a cikin Koli tattalin arziki Majalisar da ke cikin cikakken lilo ba tare da tsayawa. Matsalar da aka ba kawai wani rashin jobs. Ba tare da sabon nama ya yiwuwa a sa sabon halitta Red Army.

Lokacin da gwamnatin koma Moscow, Madaukaki tattalin arziki Majalisar tarurruka wani lokacin da aka gudanar a cikin Kremlin. A daya daga cikinsu Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich (juyin juya halin Musulunci, kamar yadda tsayayya wa saman jam'iyyar, ya taba zaman hijira) ya gana da Vladimir Lenin. Biyu Bolsheviks sauri samu wani na kowa harshe. A kadan daga baya, Lenin goyon himma Rudzutak, shawarwari da maza maza to requisition da masana'anta, sun kasance a hannun tycoons da kuma babban arzikin masu arziki. Koli tattalin arziki Council, sa'an nan, kamar yadda a duk jikinsu, saboda tarzomar yakin basasa, yanke shawara da aka dauka ta hanyar karfi.

A Tsakiyar Asia

A 1922, bayan da shan kashi na fari da kuma kafa Soviet da iko a mafi yawan tsohon Rasha Empire Yan Rudzutak aka aiko zuwa ga tsakiyar Asiya ofishin na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU (b), inda ya zama sakatariyar. A wannan yankin har yanzu ya kasance da karfi kasa jin zuciya. Basmachi daina barazana ga sabuwar gwamnatin, duk da haka, lokaci-lokaci hare hare raka'a na Red Army. Aikin gona zauna a cikin doldrums. Dalili na Central Asia tattalin arzikin da aka auduga, amma saboda yaki da halaka shi ya sa shi kusan babu dasa.

Ga wani bayani ga dukkan wadannan matsaloli da kuma dauki Ian Ernestovich Rudzutak. A biography wannan juyin juya halin Musulunci ya yi kama da biography na sauran Bolsheviks na farko kalaman. Dangane da tsari na umarni, ya kullum canza matsayi da specialization daga ayyukan. Located in Central Asia, shi lokaci-lokaci a kan kasuwanci al'amurran da suka shafi ziyarci Moscow. Saboda haka, a shekarar 1923 ya dauki bangare a cikin XII Congress na jam'iyyar. A Buhari, ya ya iya mayar da noma da kuma kawo rai da baya zuwa wani m hanya. Don wannan karshen, shi qaddamar subsidization na m aiki da yarda da matalauta dauki rance da kuma sake gina tattalin arzikinta.

Mutane ta Commissar layukan dogo na

A 1924, Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich (1887-1938) ta samu wani sabon aiki. Ya zama jama'ar kasar Commissar layukan dogo na. Bayan yakin basasa, kasar da aka bar tare da m, sawa da kuma lalace motoci da jiragen kasa, wanda bai iya tsayayya da kaya da kuma dogaro sau da yawa daga oda. Daya bisa uku na Soviet gada da aka halaka. Wani rabin bukatar da za a maye gurbin, saboda gaskiyar cewa wadannan sadarwa da aka gina a cikin XIX karni da kuma riga aka rabu amfani.

Shi ne ma wajibi ne don maye gurbin da 15 000 kilomita na Railways. The bayani ga dukkan wadannan matsaloli da kuma fara Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich. Cikin ayyukan da jama'ar kasar Commissar ya samu bayar da muhimmanci ga rayuwar da dukan ƙasar. A karkashin ya shiriya, hadade Railway management system da aka halitta. Kamar yadda da kowane jama'a kasuwanci, a cikin tsari da aka mai yawa burokrasi da kuma ja tef, wanda ya sa'an nan kuma sa up da yaki.

Restoration of Soviet sadarwa

Shekara guda bayan shan ofishin, Yan Rudzutak iya kokarin fitar da farko m dizal locomotive gina a Birnin Leningrad. Wannan sabon yanayin sufuri da yawa more tattali model amfani da. A 1926, sufuri ta jiragen kasa a karon farko wuce pre-yaki Figures.

Bugu da kari, nauyin da jama'ar kasar Commissariat na Communications wani kogi da teku jiragen ruwa da kuma racing line. Mutane da yawa tashoshin jiragen ruwa da aka lalata da kuma sunk jiragen ruwa. Saboda rashin kudi Rudzutak goyi bayan gina kananan kogin jiragen da suke tattali da kuma araha manyan jiragen ruwa. A shekara ta 1927, da jama'ar kasar Commissar layukan dogo na samarwa fara yi na Volga-Don canal. Sai dai wannan ba duk. Har ila yau, a yankin na Rostov shi ya shirya don zurfafa Don, to sojan ruwa tasoshin iya isa kogi a fannin noman (masara zauna wani muhimmin ɓangare na fitar da kaya).

A shugaban jam'iyyar Control

Hayayyafa aiki, wanda ya jagoranci Rudzutak kamar yadda Commissar, ba zai iya kai wa ga ta sauka a hankali Yunƙurin up da aiki tsani. A shekarar 1931 ya zama shugaban PDP na Bolshevik Tsakiya Control Hukumar. Wannan jiki ne alhakin jam'iyyar da'a. Ya kai ga iko Yana Rudzutaka tsaya Valerian Kuibyshev da Grigory Ordzhonikidze.

Office, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, a hada wani gunaguni hukumar, wanda ya karbi koke na aiki tare da kamfanonin. The aiki na waɗannan jikuna samar da kasa sufetocin. Su duba a kan kisan da Lenin ta shuke-shuke da ya kawar da burokrasi a cikin filin.

talented Oganeza

CCC aikin ya zama da muhimmanci musamman a lokacin farko da biyu na shekaru biyar da tsare-tsaren. Alal misali, a shekara ta 1933 da matsaloli tare da samar da tama, da most karfe shuke-shuke a cikin kasar da aka fara. Rage samarwa a fannonin Kuzbass da Krivoi Rog. Shi ne Tsakiya Control Hukumar ya iya samun kuma yaqi da tattalin arziki reserves da kuma santsi daga cikin mummunan sakamako da rikicin.

Rudzutak, kulawa duk wadannan matakai, shi ne dole a sa mafi kyau na kwarewarsu. Abokai lura da cewa a gida ya yi wata babbar library, inda ya sadaukar da yawa daga cikin free lokaci. Mafi yawa daga cikin shugaban Jamhuriyar Control Hukumar sha'awar kudi, tattalin arziki da fasaha wallafe-wallafe.

Kama da kuma yanke hukuncin kisa

A rabo daga Yana Rudzutaka ya yi kama da al'adar da yawa daga cikin abokan aiki daga farko na Bolsheviks, ya koma jam'iyyar kafin juyin juya halin da kuma shagaltar da muhimmanci gwamnati da kuma jam'iyyar posts a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. A 1937, an kama shi. A la'anta hada da leken asiri da kuma Jamus counterrevolutionary Trotskyist aiki. Funnels for Rudzutak zo sa'ad da yake a cikin dacha. Ian Ernestovich zare jiki zauna a cikin mota, bayan da babu wanda kuma ya ga.

Tsohon Commissar aka harbe ranar 29 ga Yuli, 1938. Ya zama daya daga cikin da dama wadanda ke fama da Stalinist tsõro. Mutane da yawa manyan jami'an sa'an nan ya ƙare, kazalika da Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich. Iyalin marigayin sanya fi a 1956 bayan da XX jam'iyyar Congress.