Roman Goncharova "The magudan ruwa": summary da kuma tarihi na

Roman Goncharova "Broken" - shi ne na uku kuma na karshe na shahararrun trilogy, wanda kuma ya hada da littafin "Talakawa Story" da "Oblomov". A wannan aikin, marubucin ya ci gaba da gardama ce kawai tare da ra'ayoyi na Socialist-sittin. Marubuci damu da so da wasu mutane zuwa manta game da bashi, soyayya da kuma kauna, to bar iyalinsa, kuma zuwa Municipality ga haske nan gaba na dukan 'yan adam. Irin labarun a cikin 1860s faru akai-akai. Roman Goncharov "me! Me!" Game da breakage nihilists kakanninmu dangantaka, wanda a wani hali ya kamata ba za a manta. Game da tarihi da kuma summary wannan aikin da za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

zane

Roman Goncharova "The magudan ruwa" da aka halitta kusan shekaru ashirin. A ra'ayin na littafin zo daga wani marubuci a 1849, lokacin da ya sake ya ziyarci 'yan qasar Simbirsk. Akwai Ivan Alexandrovich Yara tunanin zo ambaliya da baya. Ya so ya yi scene na sabon ayyukan yaba Volga shimfidar. Haka abin ya fara da tarihin halitta. "Open" Goncharova, A halin yanzu, ya ba tukuna aka aiwatar a kan takarda. A 1862, Ivanu Aleksandrovichu yana da damar saduwa a kan jirgin ruwan da wani ban sha'awa mutum. A wani artist - yanayi mabiyin da daukaka da. Ya sauƙi canza rayuwa da tsare-tsaren, ko da yaushe ya kasance wani fursuna da ya m kwatanci. Amma wannan bai hana shi shiga wasu mutane ta baƙin ciki, kuma don taimaka a daidai lokacin. Bayan wannan taron, Goncharov da wani ra'ayin don ƙirƙirar wani labari game da artist, ya m hadaddun yanayi. Saboda haka, a hankali a kan picturesque bankuna na Volga, ya tashi da labarin daga cikin shahararrun ayyukansu.

bazawa

Goncharov lokaci zuwa lokaci batun ga masu karatu wasu aukuwa da ba a kare ba labari. A 1860, a cikin "Littafi" samfurin gutsure aka buga a karkashin lakabi "Sofia Nikolaevna Belovodova". A shekara daga baya a "Notes da Fatherland" bayyana biyu mafi surori daga Romana Goncharova "Open" - "Vertical" da kuma "Labari Kaka." Karshe stylistic bita aiki ya halartar a Faransa a 1868. The full version da labari da aka buga a cikin gaba 1869 a cikin mujallar "Herald na Turai". Raba bazawa na aikin da aka buga a cikin 'yan watanni. Goncharov ne sau da yawa ake kira "Open" fi so yaron ya tunanin, kuma sanya shi a wuri na musamman a cikin wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu.

Hoton na Aljanna

Roman Goncharova "The magudan ruwa" ta fara da bayanin da babban harafin da aiki. Wannan Rayskiy Boris Pavlovich - wani mutum daga wani m aristocratic iyali. Ya zaune a St. Petersburg, yayin da wani asusu management Berezhkova Tatiana Markovna (mai nĩsa zumunta). The saurayi sauke karatu daga Jami'ar, kokarin hannunsa a soja da aikin farar hula, amma a ko'ina hadu cizon yatsa. A farkon sosai na Romana Goncharova "Bude" Aljanna kadan a kan talatin. Duk da nagari shekaru, ya "ya ba a shuka ba wani abu, kada ki girgiza." Boris Pavlovich kaiwa wani m rayuwa, ba tare da yin wani aikinsu. Duk da haka, shi ne ta hanyar halitta baiwa da "allahntaka walƙiya." Ya na da fice a iyawa da artist. Aljanna da shawara zumunta yanke shawarar ya kebe kansa don art. Duk da haka banal lalaci ya hana shi daga kai-actualization. Tare da wani irin live, mobile da impressionable, Boris Pavlovich neman ƙone tsanani sha'awa kewaye da shi. Alal misali, yana so ya "tada rayuwa" a cikin m dan uwan, kyau mata Sophia Belovodovoy. Wannan zama, ya sarrafa dukan dama lokaci a St. Petersburg.

Sophia Belovodova

Wannan yarinya - personification na mace mutummutumai. Duk da cewa shi ya faru da za a yi aure, ba ta san rai. The mace girma a wani gidan qasaita, ta marmara ƙawa reminiscent na wani hurumi. Wadanda mutane ilimi nutsar a ta "mata gabbai ji." Shi ne sanyi, kyau da kuma m zuwa makoman - da kiyaye bugawa, da kuma samun kanka wadannan mai kyau jam'iyyar. Ƙone da bege a cikin wannan mace - da lura mafarki Aljanna. Ya rubuta wani hoto na ta, abu don ta dogon tattaunawa game da rayuwa da kuma wallafe-wallafe. Duk da haka, Sophia zauna sanyi da kuma kusantuwa. Yana siffanta da siffar fuskar rinjayar haske durkusar rai Ivan Goncharov. "Open" ya nuna yadda bakin ciki, a lokacin da na halitta "umurnin da zuciya" da aka yanka da kullum yarda da al'ada. Aljanna m yunkurin rayar da marmara mutum-mutumi, da kuma ƙara to shi da "tunanin mutum" kasa madauwaman zullumi.

lardin Rasha

A kashi na farko na da labari ya gabatar da karatu tare da daban-daban ayyuka Goncharov wuri. "Broken", a takaice na wanda aka bayyana a wannan labarin, paints wani hoto na lardin Rasha. Lokacin Boris Pavlovich ya je wa kauyen robin hutu, ya gana da akwai dan uwan - Tatiana Markovna, wanda saboda wasu dalilai, da ake kira da kaka. A gaskiya, shi ne mai rai, kuma da kyau sosai, mace na shekaru hamsin. Yana kula da dukan al'amuran da dukiya da ake kiwon biyu marãyu: ĩmãni, kuma Marfenku. Ga mai karatu na farko ci karo da manufar "bude" a zahiri hankali. A cewar gida labari, a kasa na Estate dake kusa da babbar kwazazzabo da zarar kishi miji kashe matarsa da kishiya, sa'an nan ya kashe kansa. Kashe kansa idan aka binne shi a scene. Kowane mutum ne ji tsoro, ka ziyarci wannan wuri.

Za a Robin sake, Eden ji tsoron cewa akwai "ba a rayuwa, girma mutane" kuma babu wani motsi na tunani. Kuma ba daidai ba. Sai ya zama a lardin Rasha, ya sami tashin hankali sha'awa da kuma real wasan kwaikwayo.

Rayuwa da kuma soyayya

Gaye rukunan a shekarun 1960s nihilists rigingimu "Bude" Goncharova. Analysis na samfurin nuna cewa, ko da a cikin tsarin da labari ya bi sawun wannan shawara. Sananne ne cewa, daga cikin ra'ayi na Socialists, duniya tana mulki da aji gwagwarmaya. Polina Karpova images, Marina Ulyany Kozlovoy marubucin ya tabbatar da cewa rayuwa motsa soyayya. Shi ne ba ko da yaushe aminci da adalci. Savely kasance mai kwanciyar hankali mutumin da dama a cikin soyayya da dissolute Marina. A tsanani da kuma daidai Leonty Kozlov hauka game da matarsa komai hive. Malam Aljanna da gangan ya furta cewa, duk abin da wajibi ne a rayuwa shi ne a cikin littattafai. Kuma ba daidai ba. Hikimar ne ma daukar kwayar cutar daga cikin mazan zamani zuwa ƙarami. Kuma dubi shi - shi ne a gane cewa duniya ne fiye da rikitarwa da alama da farko kallo. Wannan shi ne dalilin cikin labari Aljanna: shi ne m sihiri a cikin rayuwar mutane kusa da shi.

Marfenka

Biyu sosai daban-daban haruffa ne mai karatu Goncharov. "Broken", a takaice abin da a kalla ya ba da wani ra'ayin da labari, amma ba za ka iya fuskanci cikakken zurfin da samfurin a cika, da farko ya gabatar da mu zuwa Marfenkoy. Wannan yarinya ne mai sauki da kuma childlike. Yana alama Boris Pavlovich saka daga "color, haske, zafi da launi na bazara." Marfenka son yara sosai da kuma kwadayin shirya kansu domin su ne qawar mata. Zai yiwu ta da'irar bukatun ne kunkuntar, amma ba a matsayin rufe a matsayin "Canary" Sophia Belovodovoy duniya. Ta sani mai yawa daga abin da wana Boris Rasu: yadda za a yi girma hatsin rai da hatsi, kamar yadda ka bukatar itace don gina wata bukka. A karshen, Eden gane cewa "ci gaba" da wannan farin ciki, kuma mai hikima halittar m, kuma ko da m. Wannan ya hana kakarsa.

addini

Vera - wani mabanbanta irin mace yanayi. Yana da wata yarinya da m ra'ayoyi, da uncompromising, m, neman. Goncharov hankali shirya bayyanar da heroine. Da farko, Boris Pavlovich ji kawai reviews game da shi. Duk labarun addini a matsayin mutum m: ta na zaune shi kadai, a wani watsi da gidan, sai ya ba da jin tsoro ka tafi ka gangara zuwa "m" kwazazzabo. Ko ta bayyanar bõye tatsuniya. Yana ba da classic Lines da rigor na "sanyi fitilu" Sophia, m yara Marfenki numfashin kada ɗanɗanonta ya gushe, amma akwai wasu asiri, "nevyskazyvayuschayasya nan da nan fara'a." Eden ƙoƙarin shiga cikin zumunta hakkokin da rai na Faith gana da juriya. "Beauty ila yau yana da hakkin ya girmama da kuma 'yanci", - ta ce.

Kaka da kuma Rasha

A cikin uku na aiki a kan siffar kakata mayar da hankali duk hankalin mai karatu Goncharov Ivan Aleksandrovich. "Magudan ruwa" Tatiana fa, tã Markovna matsayin apostolic yarda dasu tsaron tsohuwar al'umma da tushe. Ta - mafi muhimmanci mahada a cikin akida da tayin da labari. A kakarsa marubuci nuna imperious, karfi, ra'ayin mazan jiya ɓangare na Rasha. Its shortcomings ne na hali ga mutane na ta tsara. Idan mun kãfirta da su, da karatu da aka gabatar "a auna da kuma m" mace da farin ciki da kuma cikin hikima sarrafa "kadan mulkin" - kauyen robin. A nan ne Goncharov ganin embodiment na aljanna a duniya. Estate ne babu daya zaune a kusa, kuma kowa da kowa samun abin da bukatar. Duk da haka, domin ya biya hakkin nasu lissafi ga kowane kuskure. Irin wannan rabo, misali, jiran Savely, wanda Tatiana Markovna kawo su auri Marina. Azaba ta kama tare da sau da addini.

Very m ne episode a cikin abin da kaka don gargaɗi ga ƴan daga rashin biyayya ga iyaye, samun preachy labari da kuma shirya edifying karatu zaman for duk gidaje. Bayan da cewa, ko da m Marfenka nuna willfulness da kuma bayyana tare da wani madugun fan Vikentiev. Tatiana Markovna sanarwa daga baya cewa wani abu daga wanda ya yi gargadin ta matasa, sun a wannan lokacin a cikin lambu, kuma ya aikata. Kaka kai-m, kuma ta fashe da dariya, a kansa m ilimi hanyoyin, "Ba duk na amfani a gare su, wadannan haihuwa kwastan!"

bangaskiya magoya

Cikin dukanin labari, Boris Pavlovich akai-akai tara da kwakkwance your akwati. Kuma duk lokacin da son sani da rauni girman kai tsaya da shi. Ya na son a warware asirin bangaskiya. Wane ne ta zabi? Su zai iya kasance ta madugun sha'awar, Tushin Ivan Ivanovich. Shi ne mai nasara katako m, kasuwanci mutum, personifying da Goncharov "sabon" Rasha. A Estate ya gina tsibiri Nurseries da makarantu domin talakawa yara, ta kafa wani gajeren lokaci, da sauransu. Daga cikin manoma Ivan kansa farko ma'aikaci. Muhimmancin wannan adadi a kan lokaci da kuma fahimtar Aljanna.

Duk da haka, kamar yadda mai karatu ilmantuwa daga cikin uku na labari, manzo zaba Faith zama nihilistic dabi'un Mark Volohov. A garin game da shi ce m abubuwa: ya shiga gidan ta taga kawai, ba yana biya bashin da za farautar manyan 'yan sanda karnuka. A mafi kyau fasali na wani hali - 'yancin kai, girman kai da aka makala to abokai. Nihilistic ra'ayoyi ze Goncharov m tare da hakikar da na Rasha rayuwa. Author Firaministan a Volokhova isgilanci da haihuwa kwastan, m hali da kuma wa'azi da free jima'i.

Konstantinov, a maimakon haka, aka sosai janyo hankalin zuwa wannan mutumin. A cikin hirar da haruffa gano wani abu a na kowa. Idealist da kuma jari daidai da nisa daga gaskiya, kawai Aljanna furta da kanta sama da shi, kuma Volohov yayi kokarin sauka kamar yadda zai yiwu "m". Ya sanya kansa da kuma m soyayya sha'awa ga halitta, dabba zama. A cikin sunan Mark yana da wani abu bestial. Goncharov "The magudan ruwa" ya nuna cewa Volohov tunatar da shi na launin toka kerkẽci.

A fall na Faith

Wannan lokacin ne culmination na rubu'in, kuma da labari a matsayin dukan. A nan, "bude" alama ce ta zunubi, kasa, jahannama. Da farko Faith tambaya cewa Aljanna ba zai bar ta ta cikin kwazazzabo, idan ya ji wani harbi daga can. Amma sai ya fara buga a hannunsa, kuma ya yi alkawarin cewa wannan hira da Mark zai zama na karshe domin ta, Tserewa da gudu. Ta aka ba kwance. A yanke shawarar barin - shi ne cikakken daidai da gaskiya, waɗanda suke a cikin soyayya yana da wani nan gaba, amma barin, Faith jũya, kuma ya jinkirta da Volokhov. Maginan tukwane Zagayawar abin da bai sani ba da m labari na karni na 19th - fall da ya ƙaunataccen heroine.

haskakarka heroes

A humushin, marubucin ya nuna hawan addini "hutu" sabon, nihilistic dabi'u. A yin haka, yana taimaka Tatiana Markovna. Ta fahimci cewa zunubi jikanyar iya fanshe kawai ta hanyar tuba. Kuma shi zai fara "cikin ɓata kaka da nauyin wahala." Ba wai kawai ga addini ta damu. Ta yana tsoron cewa tare da farin ciki da salama jikanyar Robins bar rayuwa da kuma walwala. All mahalarta da labari, shaidu da abubuwan da suka faru ratsa cikin tsarkakewa wuta na wahala. Tatiana Markovna ƙarshe gane ta jikanyar cewa matasa aikata wani zunubi, kuma bai tuba ba to Allah. Ta yi imanin cewa, yanzu Faith dole ne ya zama "kaka", sarrafa robins da su bada kansu ga mutane. Tuszyn, da hadaya nasu kai girma, shi ne saduwa da Volokhov kuma ya gaya masa cewa ta daina so ganin shi. Mark fara gane zurfin ya kurakurai. Ya koma ga aikin soja domin sa'an nan za a canjawa wuri zuwa Caucasus. Aljanna yanke shawarar ya kebe kansa don sassaka. Ya ji da ƙarfin mai girma artist kuma yana zaton su su inganta. Bangaskiya ya fara mai da kuma fahimtar gaskiya darajar da ji dandana by ta Tuszyn. Kowace daga cikin labari a cikin labari karshe samun damar canza su ƙaddara da kuma fara sabon rayuwa.

A gaskiya hoto na da ra'ayoyi da al'adu na aristocratic Rasha tsakiyar karni na 19th, fentin a cikin labari "The magudan ruwa" Goncharov. Reviews na adabi sukar bayar da shawarar cewa marubucin ya halitta a gaskiya fitacciyar Rasha idon basira litattafan. Tunani a kan canji da kuma har abada, kuma dacewa a yau. Kowa ya kamata karanta wannan labari a cikin na asali. Ji dadin karanta!