Siffofin wasan kwaikwayo. Iri da nau'i na zane-zane

An fara wasan kwaikwayo na farko da aka yi a kan titi. Ainihin, an shirya wasanni ta hanyar zane-zane. Za su iya raira waƙa, rawa, saka kayan ado daban-daban, suna nuna dabbobi. Kowa ya yi abin da ya yi mafi kyau. Wani sabon tsari na art hankali raya, da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo inganta basira.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na farko a duniya

Kalmar "gidan wasan kwaikwayo" a cikin harshen Helenanci yana nufin wani wuri na wasan kwaikwayon da wasan kwaikwayo kanta. Na farko irin wannan al'adun gargajiya, mai yiwuwa, ya samo asali ne a Girka. Ya faru a cikin V-IV ƙarni BC. E. An kira wannan zamanin "na gargajiya". Hanyoyin gargajiya na da jituwa da daidaituwa a duk abubuwan da aka gyara. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon na Girka na zamanin dā ya bayyana saboda bauta wa gumakan alloli.

Dionysus Theater - shi ne mafi tsufa wasan kwaikwayo ginin. Allah na ruwan inabi, ciyayi da yanayi sunyi daraja sosai daga tsoffin Helenawa. Dionysus ya sadaukar da shi ga al'amuran al'adu, wanda ya sannu a hankali ya zama ainihin lamarin da ya faru. Bukukuwan lokuta sun zama ainihin wasan kwaikwayo. Tsarin shi ne sararin samaniya. An fara taron ne a kan katako. Ban mamaki art aka haka girmamawa a zamanin tsohuwar Girka da cewa matalauta 'yan ƙasa da ikon ya ba da kudi ga wasanni. An hana yin kallon wasanni ga matan aure.

Haikali na farko na zane-zane yana da manyan sassa uku:

• Orchestra - an yi ta da rawa da waƙa;
• Gidan ya kasance a kusa da orchestra;
• Ginin gine-ginen, inda aka kera dakuna na masu fasaha.

Wurin da kuma al'ada ba haka ba ne, kuma duk mata suna taka rawar gani. Masu wasan kwaikwayon na wasan kwaikwayon guda sau da yawa sun canza rawar, don haka sun kasance masu kyau ga rawa da raira waƙa. An canza bayyanar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo tare da taimakon masks. Kusa da tsarin shine haikalin Dionysus.

Tsohon gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya kafa harsashi da ainihin zamani. Mafi kusa a cikin jinsi shine gidan wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo. A tsawon lokaci, yawancin iri dabam dabam sun bayyana.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo a zamani na zamani sun bambanta. Wannan hoton ya hada da littattafai, kiɗa, choreography, vocal, zane-zane. Suna bayyana motsin zuciyarmu daban-daban da yanayi. Mutum yana ci gaba ne a kullum. A wannan, akwai nau'o'i daban-daban. Suna dogara ne akan kasar da aka haife su, a kan al'adun al'adu na jama'a, a yanayin yanayin masu sauraro da kuma bukatun su.

Mun lissafa wasu nau'i-nau'i: wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kwaikwayo, monodrama, vaudeville, karinvaganza, parody, mime, farce, halin kirki, pastoral, musical, tragicomedy, melodram da sauransu.

Kalmomin wasan kwaikwayon ba za su iya gasa da juna ba. Su masu ban sha'awa ne a hanyarsu. Masu kallo da suke son wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo, tare da rashin jin dadi zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo.

Mafi yawan nau'in nau'i na nau'in wasan kwaikwayo sune wasan kwaikwayon, wasan kwaikwayo, mummunan yanayi, musika, parody da kuma vaudeville.

A cikin wasan kwaikwayon, zaku iya ganin mawuyacin hali da damuwa. Yana da kyawawan abubuwan ban sha'awa don kallon aikin masu wasa. Matsayin wannan nau'in na da sauƙi da sauƙi ya haɗa da mai kallo a jin dadi da bincike.

Ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayon na da babban manufar - don sa dariya a cikin mai kallo. Don yin ba'a ga wadanda ko wasu yanayi, masu yin wasan kwaikwayo ya kamata su yi ƙoƙari. Hakika, mai kallon dole ne ya gaskata su! Matsayin wasan kwaikwayon na taka rawa kamar yadda ya faru. Hanya na satire a lokaci guda yana taimakawa kallon wasan kwaikwayo.

Halin da ke faruwa a duk lokacin da ke cikin rikici, wanda ake magana game da shi. Wannan nau'in ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko da ya bayyana a zamanin Girka. Haka kuma irin wasan kwaikwayo.

Musical yana da masu yawa masu sha'awa. Hakanan wani abu ne mai haske tare da rawa, waƙoƙi, labarin mai ban sha'awa da raɗaɗi. Sunan na biyu na irin wannan nau'in wasan kwaikwayo na m. Ya bayyana a Amurka a ƙarshen karni na 19.

Iri

Nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo suna da alaka da nau'ikan da aka wakilta a cikinsu. Kodayake ba su bayyana irin wani nau'i ba, a matsayin nau'i na aiki. Mun lissafa wasu daga cikinsu:

• Hanyar aiki;
• Dama;
• Puppet gidan wasan kwaikwayon;
• wasan kwaikwayo na m .
• Yara;
• Mawallafin;
• daya-mutumin show .
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na haske;
• Fasaha na gargajiya;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na satire;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na shayari;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na rawa;
• Daban-daban;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na robots;
• Ballet;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na dabbobi;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na marasa lafiya;
• Taswira;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na inuwa;
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo;
• Wasan kwaikwayo;
• Street.

Opera da Ballet Theater

Opera da ballet sun fito a Italiya a lokacin Renaissance. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na farko ya fito a Venice a 1637. An shirya wasan kwaikwayon a matsayin wani nau'i nau'in wasan kwaikwayo a ƙasar Faransanci, yana canzawa daga rawa zuwa kotuna. Sau da yawa irin waɗannan zane-zane suna cikin wuri ɗaya.

Opera da ballet suna tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa. Kiɗa ya zama ɓangaren ɓangare na waɗannan ayyukan. Yana bayyana yanayi, yanayi na duk abin da ke faruwa a kan mataki kuma ya jaddada ayyukan masu aikin. Opera mawaƙa suna aiki tare da murya da motsin zuciyarmu, da kuma dan wasan ballet gabatar da dukan abin da motsi. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayon da wasan kwaikwayo ne a koyaushe mafi kyaun zane-zane. Suna cikin ɗakunan gine-gine mafi girma da gine-gine na musamman. Kayan kayan ado, ɗakuna masu kyau, manyan ɗakoki na kogi - don haka ya dubi daga ciki.

Drama gidan wasan kwaikwayo

A nan an ba babban wuri ga masu rawa da kuma darakta. Suna ƙirƙirar haruffan halayen, haɓakawa cikin siffofin da suka dace. Daraktan ya ba da hangen nesa kuma ya jagoranci tawagar. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo ana kiransa gidan wasan kwaikwayon "abubuwan". Stanislavsky ya rubuta ayyukansa, yana nazarin ayyukan masu wasan kwaikwayo. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki ana sa ba kawai wasan kwaikwayo - wasan kwaikwayon da makircinsu masu mahimmanci ba. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo ya haɗa da sauti, wasan kwaikwayo da sauran wasan kwaikwayo. Dukkan abubuwan da aka samo ne kawai akan wallafe-wallafe masu ban mamaki.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kowane dandano

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Musical - wurin da za ka ga duk wani aikin wasan kwaikwayon. Yana sanya tashar wasan kwaikwayo, comedy, operettas, musicals da dukan wadannan wasanni da akwai mai yawa music. Ƙwararrun mawaƙa da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu kida da' yan wasan kwaikwayo suna aiki a nan. Gidan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Musical ya haɗu da wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo. Duk wani nau'i na wasan kwaikwayon, wanda yake da alaƙa da iri-iri ko na gargajiya, zai iya samun magoya baya a wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayon.

Puppet gidan wasan kwaikwayon

Wannan wuri ne na musamman. A nan za ku nutse cikin duniya na yara da farin ciki. Abin ado a nan yana da kyau a kowane lokaci, yana ja hankalin masu kallo mafi karami. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya zama gidan wasan kwaikwayo na farko wanda yara suka shiga. Kuma game da irin tunanin da zai yi a kan mai kallo maras amfani, halin da ake ciki na jaririn zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya dogara. Hanyoyin wasan kwaikwayo da yawa suna dogara ne akan amfani da tsutsa iri iri.

Kwanan nan, masu tsallewa ba su ɓoye bayan allon ba, amma suna hulɗa tare da tsutsa a kan mataki. Wannan ra'ayin yana da sanannun SV Obraztsov. Ya sa wani yatsun hannu mai suna Tyapa kuma ya taka leda a kan karamin aikin, yana aiki a matsayin mahaifinsa.

Asalin irin wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayon nesa ne a zamanin Girka. A lokacin da aka samar da tsalle don al'ada, mutane ba su san cewa zai yi girma ba. Yar tsana Wasan Kwaikwayo - shi ne ba kawai gabatarwar zuwa art, amma Hanyar m magani ga yara.

Comedy gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Ya haɗaka cikin kanta 'yan wasan kwaikwayon da suka iya raira waƙa da rawa. Ya kamata su iya yin amfani da hotuna masu ban sha'awa kuma kada su ji tsoro su zama abin ba'a. Sau da yawa zaka iya ganin "Theaters of Drama and Comedy", "Theaters of Comedy Comedy". Haɗuwa da dama nau'i a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo guda ɗaya bazai tsangwama tare da kiyaye launi ba. A repertoire zai iya haɗawa da wasan kwaikwayo, satirical comedies, musicals, wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kwaikwayo na kayan aiki ga yara. Mutane suna zuwa dandalin wasan kwaikwayon da yardar rai. Zauren ya cika.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na daban

Na cika nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo na kwanan nan. Kuma nan da nan ya ƙaunaci mai kallo. Wurin wasan kwaikwayo na farko ya bayyana a tsakiyar karni na karshe. Sun zama gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Leningrad, wanda aka bude a shekarar 1939. A shekara ta 2002 an kira shi "Theatre Theater. AI Raykin. " Yawan masu fasaha iri-iri sun hada da mawaƙa na zamani, manyan masu rawa. Masu nuna bambancin ra'ayi suna nuna tauraron masana'antu, masu rawa da masu wasan kwaikwayo, kamar yadda ake kira yanzu.

A lokuta masu wasan kwaikwayo sukan rika yin wasan kwaikwayo na raye-raye, wasan kwaikwayo na raye-raye don wasu kwanakin da ba za a iya tunawa ba, suna taka rawa daga mawallafin zamani. A nan, 'yan wasan kwaikwayon suna yin ba'a, wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan gargajiya. Irin wannan wasan kwaikwayo na iya bayar da su ta gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na satire

Muna son masu sauraro! Tun da bayyanarsa, ya nuna rayukan 'yan kasa, ya nuna duk rashin kuskure kuma ya yi musu ba'a. A halin yanzu ana nuna wa 'yan wasan kwaikwayon da kansu, sun yi aiki mai ban sha'awa ba kawai a kan mataki ba, har ma a cinema. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon na sarkin sun kasance a gaba ga waɗanda aka hana su aiwatar da wasu wasanni. Wannan shi ne saboda ƙaddamarwa. Yarda da mummunan halayyar halayyar ɗan adam, yana da sauƙin yiwuwar ƙetare layi na permissiveness. Haramta kawai ya janyo hankalin masu kallo. Masu wasan kwaikwayo masu ban sha'awa na gidan wasan kwaikwayon da aka sani: AA Mironov, Olga Aroseva, Spartak Mishulin, Mikhail Derzhavin, Nina Kornienko, Alexander Shirvindt. Mun gode wa wadannan mutane da masu sauraron shakatawa suka zama masu son su.

Yawancin lokaci, akwai nau'in wasan kwaikwayo iri-iri, wanda aka manta ko dai an manta da su, ko kuma bambanta da wani abu da ya wanzu.

New trends

Sabbin iri-iri na zane-zane na ba da mamaki sosai. Ba haka ba tun lokacin da aka fara wasan kwaikwayo na Robot na farko a Poland. Yan wasan kwaikwayo na robot suna bugawa, wanda ke nuna motsin zuciyar su tare da idanuwansu da gyammarsu. An tsara shirye-shiryen har yanzu don sauraron yara, amma manajan ayyukan suna son ci gaba da fadada repertoire.

A lokacin rani, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ke takawa zuwa tituna. Wannan ya zama al'ada. A wannan shekara an yi bukukuwa da yawa a cikin sararin samaniya. A kusa da kusa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo an gina kananan shimfidar wuraren, wanda ya buga wasan kwaikwayon. Har ma wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo na ballet sun riga suna waje da gidan wasan kwaikwayon don jawo hankalin masu yawa masu kallo.