Ballet "The Nutcracker": summary, libretto

Wannan babban wasan kwaikwayo na biyu ya rubuta da babban mai kirkiro kirista Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Wannan mãkirci ya danganci labari na E. T. A. Hoffmann "The Nutcracker da King Mouse".

Tarihin halitta

Bayanin ya dogara ne akan wani labari, wanda mawallafin shi ne ETA Hofmann. A "Nutcracker", taƙaitacciyar taƙaitacciyar abin da za a gabatar a wannan labarin da ke ƙasa, daya daga cikin ayyukan PI Tchaikovsky na baya. Wannan wasan kwaikwayon yana da wuri na musamman a aikin mai kirkiro, tun da yake yana da sababbin abubuwa.

Shirya labari a kan abin da aka halitta libretto na rawa, ya yi a 1844 da Faransa marubuci Aleksandr Dyuma. An fara gabatar da wasan kwaikwayon na farko a 1892, ranar 18 ga watan Disambar 18, a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Mariinsky na St. Petersburg. A cikin aikin Fritz da Clara, yara da suka yi karatu a makarantar gidan kwaikwayo ta St. Petersburg sunyi aiki. Dalilin da Cla Belinskaya ya yi na Clara shi ne, da kuma Fritz na V. Stukolkin.

Mai kirkiro

Mawallafin kiɗa don ballet, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, shine PI Tchaikovsky. Ya aka haife Afrilu 25, 1840 a Votkinsk, wani karamin gari a cikin Vyatka lardin. Ya rubuta fiye da 80 mashahuri, ciki har da wasanni goma (Eugene Onegin, Sarauniya na Spades, The Enchantress da sauransu), uku ballets (The Nutcracker, Swan Lake, Beauty Sleeping), hudu suites, more Daruruwa na romantic, symphonies guda bakwai, da kuma yawan ayyuka na pianoforte. Peter Ilyich ma ya jagoranci wani koyarwa aiki da shi ne shugaba. Da farko mawaki yayi nazarin doka, amma sai ya ci gaba da yin waƙa kuma a 1861 ya shiga Kungiyar Musical Rasha (ƙungiyoyin kiɗa), wanda a shekarar 1862 aka canza shi a cikin kundin kati.

Ɗaya daga cikin malamai na babban mawaki shine wani babban mawaki - A. G. Rubinshtein. PI Tchaikovsky na ɗaya daga cikin daliban farko na Conservatory na St. Petersburg. Ya yi karatu a cikin nau'i-nau'i. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya zama malami a kotu, wanda ya bude a Moscow. Tun daga shekara ta 1868 ya zama mai ladabi. A 1875 an wallafa littafi na jituwa, wanda Peter Ilyich ya wallafa. Mahaifin ya mutu a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1893, daga kwalara, wanda ya kwanta ta shan ruwa ba tare da ruwa ba.

Batu Characters

Babban jaririn na wasan kwaikwayo shine yarinyar Clara (Marie). A cikin wallafe-wallafen daban-daban na ballet, an kira shi a hanyoyi daban-daban. A cikin tarihin ETA Hoffmann, ta haifi sunan Marie, kuma ana kira Clara ɗanta. Bayan yakin duniya na heroine Masha ya zama sananne ga m dalilai, da kuma wanta Fritz bar Jamus sunan, domin shi ne mai korau hali. Stallbaums iyayen Masha da Fritz ne. Drosselmeyer shine ubangidan babban hali. Nutcracker ne yar tsana, yarima mai ban sha'awa. Sauran haruffa - da Fairy Dragee, Prince of Pertussis, Marianne - niece Stalbaumov. Sarkin Mouse shi ne jagora uku, babban abokin gaba na Nutcracker. Kuma dangi Shtalbaumov, baƙi a hutu, wasan wasa, bayin da sauransu.

Libretto

Babban sanannen marubucin Marius Petipa shi ne marubucin "libre" "The Nutcracker".

Takaitaccen labarin farko na aikin farko:

Shirye-shirye na ƙarshe kafin ranar haihuwar Kirsimeti, girman kai. Aikin yana faruwa a kitchen. Cookies da masu dafa suna shirya shirye-shiryen festive, masu mallakar sun shiga tare da yara su duba yadda shirye-shiryen ke tafiya. Fritz da Marie suna ƙoƙari su ci kayan zaki, an ba da yaron tare da alewa - shi ne mafi ƙaunar iyayensa, kuma daga Marie suna kangewa. An tura aikin zuwa ɗakin gyare-gyare, inda mazajen Stalbaum suka zaɓi kayan aikin hutun, 'ya'yan sunyi gaba da su. Fritz tana karɓar kyautar kullun da aka saka, kuma Marie ba ta da kome. Baƙo ya bayyana a gidan - wannan shine Drosselmeier. Ta haka ne fara wasan kwaikwayo The Nutcracker.

Takaitaccen labarin na biyu na aikin farko:

Dances farawa. Allahfather Marie yana kawo kyauta - na dogon dogon. Duk kayan wasa suna raguwa. Marie samun Nutcracker, wadda babu wanda ya zaɓa. Amma ta ƙaunar yarinyar, saboda tana da magunguna, kuma, ta ji cewa ba kawai wani wasa ba ne. Holiday ƙare, da baƙi watsa, duk je gado, sai dai Marie. Ta ta hanyar hanyar zuwa gidan wanka don ganin Nutcracker sake. A wannan lokaci a ratsan raunin dakin, ado kamar aristocrats. Wannan hoton ya tsorata Masha, sai ta yi baƙunci. Kwanan nan ya kama 12. Labaran wasan kwaikwayo "The Nutcracker" ya fara.

Takaitacciyar labarin na uku na aikin farko:

Marie ta zo kan kanta kuma ta ga cewa ɗakin ya zama babbar, kuma yanzu ita ce girman kayan wasa na Kirsimeti. Nutcracker tare da sojan sojan sojan sun zo cikin yaki tare da Sarkin Mouse da kumbunsa. Marie ta firgita daga ɓoyewa a takalmin kakanta na mahaifinta, amma don taimakawa Nutcracker, sai ta jefa wani slipper zuwa Sarki na berayen. Mouse Sarkin sarakuna a rikicewa. Nutcracker ya kashe shi da takobi. Mace Marie ta yi hakuri ga wanda aka rinjaye, kuma ta yi masa rauni. Sojojin berayen sun kakkarye. Marie da Nutcracker dauka ta tafiye-tafiye mai ban mamaki a cikin birni na gari a cikin takalmin tsohuwar kakan.

A taƙaitaccen yanayi na hudu na aikin farko:

Nutcracker da Marie sun isa wurin hurumi. Blizzard ya fara, kuma mummunar tsuntsaye mai dadi da Sarauniya sunyi kokarin hallaka Marie. Drosselmeier yana dakatar da mummunan blizzard. Kuma yarinya ana ceto ta ta Nutcracker.

Takaitaccen yanayin farko na aikin na biyu:

Nutcracker ya kawo Marie zuwa garin na Confurutingburg. Yana cike da Sweets da kuma dafa. A cikin birni akwai mutane masu ban sha'awa da suke jin dadi sosai. Mazaunan Confiturenburg suna rawa suna girmama girmamawar isowar masoyan baƙi. Marie ta yi annashuwa ga Nutcracker kuma ta sumbace, kuma ta juya zuwa Prince Nutcracker.

Takaitacciyar wasikar epilogue:

A Kirsimeti da dare ya wuce, da kuma sihiri Mary sihiri narke. Yarinyar da dan uwanta suna wasa tare da Nutcracker. Drosselmeyer ya zo gare su, tare da ɗan dansa wanda yayi kama da yarima wanda Nutcracker ya juya cikin mafarki na Marie. Yarinyar ta ruga don saduwa da shi, sai ya rungume ta.

Kuma, ba shakka, yana da kyau in ga samar da idon ku. Za ka iya saya tikiti don "Nutcracker" ta hanyar sabis http://bolshoi-tickets.ru/events/shelkunchik/. Akwai dukkanin bayanai na kwanan nan akan kwanakin da aka samar. Ku kula da takarda!

Ayyukan da suka fi muhimmanci

Wasan farko ya faru ne ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1892, a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Mariinsky (mai suna Lev Ivanov). Koma wasa a shekarar 1923, da choreographer ya F. Lopukhov da Shiryaev. A shekara ta 1929 aka sake buga ballet a cikin sabon bugu. A mataki na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi a Moscow "The Nutcracker" ya fara "rayuwarsa" a 1919. A shekara ta 1966, an gabatar da wasan a cikin sabon salo. Yawan wasan kwaikwayo shi ne Yuri Grigorovich.