Sarauniya Elizabeth na Ingila 2: biography, photos

Littafi Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth 2, wanda biography ne mai bayanin rayuwar mutum, wanda ya zama wani mai shaida daga lokuta daban-daban, shi ne a kan kursiyin tun shekarar 1952. Ta sarautar ne mafi tsawo a tarihin Birtaniya.

Family da kuma ƙananan yara,

Afrilu 21, 1926 An haife nan gaba Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth 2. Biography of memba na jam'iyyar daular wuya su yi tunanin ba tare da ta pedigree. A yarinya 'yar Prince Albert, waɗanda suke ɗauke da lakabi na Duke, da matarsa Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. Uban yarinyar ya dan King George V.

A lokacin da a 1936 da monarch mutu, kursiyin shige ta gādo ga babban dan, Edward Sabunta (kawun Elizabeth). Duk da haka, ya yi mulki a 'yan watanni. Bisa ga dokokin jihar, ya yi aure a mutum na daidaita shi kamar yadda na ga aristocratic iyali. Duk da haka, sarki ya zaɓi ya ƙulla da kulli tare da wani saki mace ba daga sarauta da'ira - Bessie Simpson. Da shi shi ne cewa ta ya riga an yi aure sau biyu, ya fusatar da gwamnatin, wanda ya miƙa zuwa Edward zuwa abdicate. Ya gaske abdicated kuma canjawa wuri kursiyin bisa ga abke, to ƙanensa, kambin sunan George VI.

Wannan garambawul dauki shekaru goma Elizabeth magaji zuwa duniya most of British Empire. Idan George aka haifi wani yaro, da take zai wuce zuwa gare shi, amma shi bai faru ba. A nan gaba Sarauniya Elizabeth 2 kamar yadda yaro a tsakiyar jama'a da hankali a matsayin sabon-tsara wakilin na mulki daular na Windsor.

kambi gimbiya

Farkon biography na Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth 2 ne m tare da matsayi a matsayin gimbiya na York. Tare da iyayensu, ta zauna a Kensington. Daya daga ta babban ayukan hutu ne tun suna yara ya zama hawan doki. Wannan sha'awa, Queen ya kasance da aminci cikin matasa. A daidai wannan lokaci da yarinya da aka sanar da cikakken kewayon kimiyyar. Manyan-sikelin ilmi ne na tilas sifa ga mambobin Windsor daular, kamar yadda suka farin duk mafi kyau da cewa daular mulkinsu iya ba zuwa jihar. Musamman da girmamawa a ilimi ya kan Elizabeth Bil Adama: Religion, Attaura da kuma Art. The yaro ya nuna nadiri sha'awa a cikin harshen Faransanci, wanda karfafa malamai.

Biography of Elizabeth 2 sanya wani kaifi nuna a lokacin da ta zama magajin mahaifinsa, sarki. Tare da iyayensu, ta koma Buckingham Palace. Bayan shekaru uku, yakin duniya na II ya fara, kuma m rayuwa ƙare tare da na farko volleys na Jamus bindigogi a nahiyar.

The United Kingdom goyon Poland da kuma tare da ta babban ally Faransa ayyana yaki kan Uku Reich. Duk da cewa da manyan jam'iyyun siyasa yanke shawara riƙi da gwamnatin da kuma majalisar dokokin kasar, da sarauta iyali ya zama wani muhimmin alama ce ta hadin kai na al'umma a gaban girma Nazi barazana. Elizabeth 2 a lokacin suna yara fuskantar wani sosai girma-hadura da kuma kwaikwayo cewa ya tafi, ta hanyar duk da takwarorina.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu

Duk da cewa Hitler bai yi kuskure to ka aika sojojin ƙasa da Birtaniya Tsibirin, ta iska karfi gudanar yau da kullum bom na Birtaniya birane. Musamman m da m hare-hare sun kasance a cikin shekara ta farko da yaki, a lokacin da nasara Wehrmacht shagaltar da kusan dukkan kasashen Turai. Elizabeth ta uba a kai a kai ziyarci sojojin. Tuni a 1940, magaji na farko jawabi compatriots tare da jama'a magana jawabi ga yara a kasar.

A wannan yanayi girma a nan gaba Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth 2. Biography yaro ya fara m wani replica na zamanin. A 1943 ta farko ziyarci da dakarun, ya kasance a cikin Grenadier rajimanti. A 'yan watanni kafin a Jamus ta sallama, Elizabeth ya shiga soja, kuma ya kasance mai makaniki-direban karin ambulances a cikin mata kariyar kai raka'a. Princess samu daraja da leftana, da kuma a yau shi ne wani aiki monarch, sa'an nan ta soja suna zauna a cikin karfi. Wannan yana nufin cewa Elizabeth - karshe memba na yakin duniya na biyu, ba ta bar wani soja fensho, a dukan duniya.

Bikin aure da Philip

Tare da farko na duniya kõma zuwa ga misali aikinsu da kuma nan gaba Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth 2. Princess Biography a 1947 aka alama ta wani aure da Filippom Mauntbettenom.

A farkon rabin karni na XX duk Turai mulki daular aka hankali lauye. Philip ne jikan Greek, Sarki George na, kuma memba na Danish sarauta iyali da kuma zuriyar Birtaniya Sarauniya Victoria. A newlyweds hadu kamar yadda yaro a cikin 30s. Bayan auri Philip samu lakabi na girmamawa da Duke na Edinburgh. Duk da cewa da aka haife shi da baya a 1921, kuma har yanzu yana cikin koshin lafiya da kuma yadda ya kamata yi masa dynastic aikinsu. Sha'awa, da Queen ta miji, bai dauki saba matsayin for masa lakabi da Yarima Consort, kuma ya zauna da Duke na Edinburgh.

Philippe kuma Elisabeth da hudu Siblings: Charles, Anne, Andarawas da Edward. Dukan su yanzu suna da yara da jikoki, wanda, bi da bi, wakiltar wani babban gidan sarauta na Great Britain. Charles, a matsayin babban dan ya zama magājin zuwa ga uwarsa a shekara ta 1952, lokacin da ta dauki cikin sarautarsa, ya zauna, don haka har wa yau.

sa kambi

2 Koroleva Elizaveta hau gadon sarautar karkashin halinda. A shekarar 1952, ita da mijinta ya tafi Kenya, yayin da wani mallaka na Burtaniya, a kan vacation. Shi ne a cikin wannan m kasar, magaji a kan karaga samu da bakin ciki labarin rasuwar mahaifinsa George V, wanda ya yi mulki a kasar shekara goma sha shida.

Sai da na ɗauki watanni da dama don tsara da sa kambi, wanda zai zama wata alama ce da farkon sarautar da sabon monarch. A kauri bikin da aka gudanar a ta gargajiya wuri - Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth ya zama sabon sarauniya 2. Lokacin da ya hau gadon sarautar matasa 25-shekara m, a gefen ta da idanu na duniya a zahiri hankali na kalmar, domin shi ne karo na farko a irin wannan taron sun yi amfani da kamara zuwa watsa shirye-shirye wani taron.

Farkon shekaru na

Birtaniya Koroleva Elizaveta 2 tafiya da yawa a cikin matasa. Wannan al'ada ba ya bar a farkon zamanin mulkinsa. Tare da Accession zuwa kursiyin mai mulkin kasar ziyarci, wani ɓangare na Commonwealth Birtaniya mazauna. A cikin 50s da 60s fara aiwatar da iyawa 'yancin kai wadannan jihohi, da ake samu a dukkan sassa na duniya. Mafi yawansu sun kasance a cikin Afirka. Bugu da kari, a karon farko a tarihin Birtaniya monarch ziyarci Australia da kuma New Zealand. Da mutumin ya juyo daga zama Koroleva Elizaveta 2. The m biography na m superimposed a kan ta musamman matsayi da janyo hankalin ta mutum duniya ta da hankali.

Kada ka manta game da Sarauniya da kuma harkokin da mahaifarsa. Ta kai a kai ya gana da wakilan majalisar da kuma tattauna ajanda. A shekara ta 1957, na farko da rikicin siyasa ya barke a dama-reshe jam'iyyar a zamanin wurinta a kan kursiyin. Sa'an nan da aka Conservatives. Fira Ministan kasar Entoni Iden murabus. Tun da jam'iyyar da ya ɓullo da wani tsari ga zaben na shugaban, da sarauniya ya dauki alhakin cikin hannuwansu.

A karo na farko matakai a cikin ikon Elizabeth sau da yawa shawara da almara Winston Churchill. Bayan shawara tare da girmama siyasa aka yanke shawarar ba da shawara da na takarar na Harold Macmillan, wanda ya karɓa. Ya zama 65th firaministan kasar Birtaniya daga 1957 zuwa 1964.

Hulda da Commonwealth

Ko a cikin matasa, shi ya bayyana cewa al'adar Sarauniya Elizabeth 2 za su iya hade ne kawai tare da sabis na ƙasarsa ta kasar. Ta zama mai mulkin a wannan lokaci, a lokacin da a wasu kasashen da ikon da daular mulkinsu ya riga wani juyin juya halin da ta share ko zama kawai na ado appendage.

A Birtaniya, da halin da ake ciki ya kasance daban-daban. A farkon da XX karni, akwai da dama dauloli, da ɗan kama da ta bayyana tsarin. Alal misali, Jamus, Rasha da kuma Austria-Hungary. A duk wadannan kasashe monarchical hukumomin gwamnati da aka dismantled bayan na jini yaƙe-yaƙe. UK don kauce wa wannan.

Duk da haka, bayan yakin duniya na biyu, ya bayyana cewa wajibi ne ta yi watsi da fadar sani. Ko a lokacin Elizabeth ta mahaifin George VI India samu 'yancin kai - da lu'u-lu'u na Birtaniya Crown. Yanzu matasa m ya zama m to bari sauran vestiges na baya na sarki zamanin.

A mafi muhimmanci kayan aiki don cimma wannan burin shi ne Commonwealth. Birtaniya diflomasiyyar ya yi kome domin kafa dangantakar abokantaka tare da tsohon mazauna, ta haka ne ba su da wani dandali ga magana a kan daidaita. Musamman da matsaloli da yawa sun kasance a cikin Afirka yankin, inda bayan tashi daga Birtaniya hukuma fara juyin juya halin da kuma yakin basasa.

Elizabeth gargajiyance lokaci mai yawa da aka kishin ta kasar Sin tare da Canada. Har shekara ta 1982, gwamnatin Birtaniya da wani nauyi a yanke hukunci a cikin wannan kasar. Bayan da sake fasalin na da irin wannan tsarin ne a baya, wanda ya wani mataki wajen abandonment na haihuwa Birtaniya siyasa na tsoma baki a cikin harkokin da mulkin mallaka. Duk da haka, Elizabeth da kuma a yau ya kasance maras Sarauniyar Canada. A shekarar 1976, ta kasance a kan hakkokin da monarch bude gasar wasannin Olympics a Montreal. Shekaru masu yawa daga baya, za ta dauki bangare a wani bikin a London. Opening na gasar wasannin Olympic da ya faru a shekara ta 2012.

Amma ga zamani jihar na Commonwealth of Nations, da Elizabeth, kuma a yau ya kasance shugaban da tsarin, ko da yake duk da ƙungiya al'amurran da suka shafi za a iya warware ba tare da ta sa hannu, yayin da Sarauniya, wata alama ce adadi.

Tashin hankalin da sarauta iyali

A tsawon shekaru, masu zaman kansu da rayuwa daga gidan sararta, wanda shi ne shugaban Elizabeth, duk overgrown tare da kuri'a na m, kuma m labarai. A shekarar 1979, 'yan ta'adda na IRA kashe kawun Prince Filippa Luisa Mountbatten. Ya kasance ba kawai a kusa zumunta na Sarauniya, amma kuma ya kasance wani muhimmin dattaku, ko da lokacin da George VI, musamman, shi ne na karshe Halĩfa na India.

Mountbatten yana kan jirgin ruwa mai filafili a lokacin da shi ya tashi da wani rediyo-sarrafawa bam dasa ta 'yan ta'adda. Tare da shi, an kashe da dama daga cikin dangi kuma yi aiki a kan jirgin cikin Irish yaro. A wannan rana, m tashin hankali complementing su tsari hari a kan Birtaniya sojoji, saboda abin da mutane 18 suka mutu.

A wata shekara bayan wannan mummunan bala'i magaji zuwa kursiyin Elizabeth ta dan Charles aure Diana Spencer. Princess of Wales ya sosai shahara tsakanin mutane saboda sadaka da kuma wadanda mutane ayyuka.

The biyu 'ya'ya biyu - William da kuma Harry. A babban dan ne gaba takala da take da sarki bayan rasuwar tsohonsa. Duk da haka, rayuwar iyali na Charles da kuma Diana bai yi nasara ba. Suna da wuya a tsakaninsu. A farkon 90 ta Prince fara dating wata mace. Wannan halin da ake ciki ya kasance unacceptable zuwa Elizabeth, wanda ya yi ĩmãni da cewa rikitarwa sirri rayuwar ma'aurata ke jẽfãwa ya zama inuwa a kan dukan sarauta iyali. A ranar da himma, Charles da kuma Diana saki a 1996. Wannan ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa wata babbar wadanda mutane abin kunya.

Ba jima yana da sha'awa mutu saukar kamar yadda a cikin shekarar 1997, Birtaniya da aka rocked da m labarai na Diana ta mutuwa a Paris hatsarin mota. A 'yan shekaru bayan wannan taron, kwafi Charlz aure a karo na biyu a kan madugun budurwa Camilla Parker Bowles. A bikin aure ya faru a shekarar 2005, lokacin da 'ya'yansa, daga farko aure sun girma, kuma ya rayu mai zaman kanta rayuwa.

80th

Duk da scandals da bala'in, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci girgiza da Buckingham Palace, Elizabeth ta yi nasara a cikin sarautar aikinsu, domin da yawa shekarun da suka gabata. Birtaniya monarch ya al'ada ma shugaban na Anglican Church, wanda aka kafa a lokacin da canji a cikin XVI karni.

A cikin tsohon kwana tsakanin Katolika da Furotesta dogon smoldering rikici. A cikin sabon zamanin shi ne lokacin da za a tarihi reconciliatory taron shugabannin biyu Ikklisiya - da Paparoma da Birtaniya Sarauniya. John Paul ya isa a birnin London a shekarar 1982. Yana gana da Sarauniyar Ingila kanta. Photos of mutane yada a duniya.

Sa'an nan kuma ya barke Falklands War tsakanin Birtaniya da kuma Argentina. Sarauniya bai dauki wani m yanke shawara alaka dabarun da dabara. Duk da haka, wannan rikici ba zai iya wuce shi. Elizabeth ta autansa - Andrew - yi aiki a Birtaniya Army a lokacin rikici, kuma ya yi wani memba na helikofta ƙungiya.

The yaki fara saboda rashin tabbas na kayayyaki na Falkland Islands, wanda aka located a tekun na Argentina. Bayan kusan watanni uku na UK sojan ruwa fadace-fadace lashe da kuma kiyaye shi da tarin tsiburai.

Elizabeth da Margaret Thatcher

Duk da yake Elizabeth bai dauki yanke shawara alaka da yaki, wannan nauyi fadi a kan kafadu da wani tasiri Burtaniya mata - Margaret Thatcher. Ta wanda shi ne shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative da kuma firayin ministan kasar na kasar a cikin 1981-1990. Domin stringent da kuma matakai da manufofin da ya sanã'anta da sunan barkwanci "Iron Lady". Saboda haka, a cikin shekaru 80 a mace jummai, wanda ya a kai na Burtaniya jihar.

Bisa ga dokokin da hadisai, da firaministan kasar kowane mako da aka gudanar a aiki taron, wanda ya samu halartar Sarauniya Elizabeth 2. Birtaniya da kuma ta iyali kiyaye dangantaka ta kusa da Thatcher. Lokaci-lokaci a ko'ina cikin kasar sun jita-jita, da cewa tsakanin firaministan kasar da kuma monarch kafa da muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance a cikin ciki da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin. Wadannan tattaunawa suna rayayye karin gishiri da latsa. Duk da wannan, ta kuma Thatcher jami'an Elizabeth kowane lokaci karyata irin wannan hukunci.

A lokaci guda a cikin shekaru 80 na Birtaniya al'umma yana ba da mafi sauki sau. Da farko, wannan ya kasance saboda da siga zaman halin da ake ciki. Saboda da tanadi manufofin, sayar da kamfanonin da monetarism, wanda ya adept Thatcher, ta yawo da kasa a kan gãɓar rãmi na tattalin arziki da rikicin. Irin matakan sun zama dole ga jihar garambawul. Sarauniya, saboda da matsayi a matsayin mai mulkin, shi ne daga kalaman na jama'a zargi.

Diamond Jubilee na Board

A shekarar 2012 ya zo da lu'u-lu'u jubili ta sarautar (shekaru 60), wanda ya nuna da Sarauniyar Ingila. Photos of kasar bikin buga gaban shafi na jaridu a fadin duniya. Elizabeth ya zama na biyu bayan Sarauniya Victoria, wanda gudanar da rayuwa har zuwa wannan gagarumin kwanan wata.

A apogee na bikin ya farati da dama da ɗari jiragen ruwa gangara da Thames a cikin London. Bisa kididdigar da, shi ne mafi girma a cikin tarihi na ruwa matakai. A Yuni 4, a ganuwar Buckingham Palace shirya wani music concert. Sarauniya taya murna da irin wannan almara Birtaniya mawaƙa Paul McCartney, Elton Dzhon da sauransu.

A shekara kafin, da biography na Elizabeth 2 da dukan sarauta iyali da aka alama ta wani m aukuwa. Ya yi aure da m jikan m da kuma magajin William. Matarsa fara Ketrin Middlton. A shekarar 2013, Elizabeth na uku ya zama kakar kaka. William da wani ɗa, da kuma magajin sarautar, George.

Modern sarauniya matsayi

biography na Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth m 2 misali ne na rayuwar da monarch, wanda a tsawon shekaru ƙara barranta ta tsohon gata kuma ya zama jama'a adadi, yin wakilin ayyuka. Yau m ya ci gaba da bin sunnar lokacinsa a kan kursiyin. Sau ɗaya a shekara ta shirya wani jawabi ga majalisar dokokin kasar.

Sarauniya kuma a kai a kai ya gana da jakadun da kuma diplomasiyya wakila. A shekaru baya, ta sau da yawa ya tafi zuwa ga mafi daban-daban sasanninta na duniya, amma tare da shekaru, da tsanani da tafiye-tafiye ki. Duk da haka, mafi kwanan nan, a shekarar 2011, Elizabeth tafi Ireland. Shi ne mai tarihi ziyarar. Birtaniya da kuma ta yammacin maƙwabcinsa a rikicin da ƙarni. A XX karni, gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai na Irish (ciki har da Northern Ireland) ya ɗauki siffar' yan ta'adda harin, da shaida wanda ya Elizabeth kanta 2. Ingila, duk da haka, cin nasara da rikicin da kafa dangantakar da Dublin.

Shekaru da dama ciyar kursiyin m ya samu nasu salon tafiyad da majalisar. Matsayin mai mulkin, ta yi ƙoƙari ya zauna daga siyasa fama tsakanin jam'iyyun da kuma magoya bayan na daban-daban shirye-shirye.

Amma shi ya sanyi a hankali kuma impregnable sarauniya ya yanke shawarwari masu muhimmanci, a lokacin da wani rikicin a majalisar dokokin kasar. Alal misali, abin da ya faru a 1957 da kuma 1963. A lokuta biyu, da firayin ministan kasar ya yi murabus, kuma dama-reshe jam'iyyun iya ba yanke shawara a kan wani magaji. Sa'an nan Sarauniyar zaban shugaban majalisar dokokin kasar. Kowane lokaci yana yiwuwa ya sauƙaƙa da yanayi a Downing Street.

Yau a Birtaniya kowane dan kasa ya sani game da abin da abin da yake da alaka da Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth 2. Biography, cikakken suna da sauran facts ta rayuwa suna da kyau a san duk. Ta gudanar, duk da fickleness na zamani zamanin, don adana da ikon daular mulkinsu.