Scythian Neapolis a cikin Crimea

A muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar Black Sea da kuma Asia Ƙananan sun taka a nan da yawa ƙarni hukuncin Scythians. Zamanka a kan wannan site tun 7th karni BC. e. 3 karni BC. e., suka bar babban adadin tarihi Monuments, daga gare su, da Scythian Neapolis.

A labarin da Scythians

Kabilan cewa a cikin farkon karni BC Sun mamaye sararin ƙasa daga Altai da Danube, a cikin 7th karni BC. e. Su koma cikin arewacin Black Sea yankin da kuma matakan da Crimea, inda Scythian Neapolis. Wannan al'umma tsoho Helenawa kira Scythians.

Da muhawara game da wanda da Scythians, gudanar ya zuwa yanzu. A cewar wasu malaman, su ne 'yan asalin to Black Sea, yayin da wasu nuna version cewa wadannan kabilu zo nan daga yankuna na ba-rana Iran.

Daga cikin da yawa Legends game da asalin wannan mutane, Herodotus rubuce a lokacin ziyarar Scythia a 5th karni BC. e., a daya bi shi tare da amincewa. Ya ce cewa nomadic Scythians, gudu daga yakin da Massagets, bar Asia da kuma ritaya zuwa Cimmerian ƙasar.

Duk da haka, saboda wasu Legends, duk da dama, za ka iya kuma koyi abubuwa da yawa na ban sha'awa. Da aka ambata a wadannan bijimai, da dawakai, da garma, kuma karkiya na nuna gaskiyar cewa Scythians kasance babban aikin da na shanu waddan da kuma aikin noma. Wannan ya tabbatar da yawa archaeological Finds.

A lokacin da samuwar na farko Scythian jihar ƙungiya, babban birnin kasar, wanda aka located a kan Dnieper, aka canjawa wuri zuwa Naples Skifskiy. Crimea saboda wurinta, shi ne mafi m biyu a cikin soja da kuma a cikin ciniki da shirin.

A babban birnin kasar na Scythians

Bisa a cikin karni 3rd BC. e., da Scythian Naples aka located a gabashin ba Simferopol, a rarrabawa da cinikayya hanyoyi, hada, haka ne, duk da ƙauyuka na Scythian jihar. A birni yana dauke da babban birnin kasar na marigayi Scythian ya sayar da cibiyar al'adu. Bisa ga binciken da wannan tarihi abin tunawa, da masu bincike ƙarasa da cewa marigayi Scythians da nasu tsarin siyasa da kuma al'adu, da fallasa su rinjayar da Helenawa da Sarmatians.

A zamanin sarki Skilur a 2nd karni BC. e. Jihar kai ta Zenith. Duk da yawa yaƙe-yaƙe da Greek birni-mazauna, Scythian Naples zauna a cikin babban birnin jihar shida ƙarni. A farko setback shi sha wahala a 110-109 BC. e., a zamanin mulkin dansa Skilur, wanda kuwa ya gangara a tarihi a matsayin m kwamandan. A birnin da aka hallaka da kuma ƙone ta Diophantus, amma a kan lokaci shi aka mayar da.

A karshe Naples da aka halaka a lokacin harin shirya a karni 3rd BC. e. Duk da haka, a wannan zamanin na kamfen na Svyatoslav na Kiev (10th karni), birnin da aka sanaki.

tsarin fasali

Scythian Neapolis aka ayi haka da cewa defenses ya sa up kawai a kudu, tun da sauran bangarorin da birnin da aka kyau kare da na halitta shinge. A arewa maso gabashin tashi falalen cliffs, zurfin ravines kare babban birnin daga yamma.

Ayi a kan 20 kadada, birnin da babban kasuwanci yanki a tsakiyar inda ma'amala ya faru. Entry sun Ƙofofi uku: yammacin, gabashin da kuma tsakiyar (ga babban rabo daga cikin Sarakuna). Tare da kewaye shida suke tsaron gida gãnuwõyi cewa ya tashi sama da gine-gine a 8 mita. Lugar birni a cikin ra'ayi na zaman jama'a aji: a gabas rayu da soja, a yamma selilas sani, da kuma a cikin unguwannin - sauki iri.

a cikin mazauna da kuma binne da aka gudanar bisa ga ka'ida da aka ambata a sama. San binne shi a arziki makabarta, wani lokacin ma tare da bayinsa, kuma iyali abubuwa. Poor aka bai da wani wuri a cikin jana'izar kan karkata.

archaeological tono

Bayan da Crimea a cikin 18th karni da aka annexed zuwa Rasha, Simferopol yi ya fara. Mutane domin gina gidaje dauki kayan daga cikin ganuwar tsoho gine-gine.

Saboda gaskiya cewa daya gida mazaunin wanda ya gano faranti da tsoho Greek inscriptions, jawabi ga darektan na Kerch Museum Blaramberg, tono fara. Daga cikin abubuwan, a lokacin da wadannan tono da aka samu a taimako depicting sarki Skilur da ɗansa.

Archaeological bincike ya ci gaba har juyin juya halin. Yana da aka gano da dama makabarta, ya rage daga gidãjensu da iyali rijiyoyin, babban adadin kaya.

A ƙarshen 40s na karni na 20th godiya ga manyan-sikelin rami na masana tarihi da aka gano Skilur kabarin, da binne wurin Scythian nobility. Ga m kayayyakin gargajiya da aka samu, wanda ya koma da gidajen tarihi na Moscow da kuma St. Petersburg.

Scythian Naples a yau

Duk da tarihi darajar da bambancinsa, Scythian Neapolis, lokaci mai tsawo ba tare da samun dace da hankali, shi ne mai ... wani gida landfill. Kawai a shekarar 2011, ya zama wani tarihi ajiye da aka kare doka ta daga bisa doka ba tono da kuma aukuwa.

Abin baƙin ciki, to date daga wannan sulhu ne kadan hagu. By dubawa m kango na kudu bango, Harsashin gine-gine da kuma kabarin Skilur. Kawai godiya ga jagora, za ka iya tunanin yadda rayuwa na wannan tsohon birni.

Sa'a, da tono ci gaba. Yau nazari a ashirin part haka cewa babban layi na binciken duk da haka ya zo. Za a kan tafiya zuwa Naples Scythian, za ka iya shiga a cikin wani taska farauta a cikin ajiye.

samun akwai

Scythian Naples (photo gabatar a cikin labarin) is located a adireshin: Simferopol, ul. Archaeological, 1. Za ka iya samun nan ta daya daga cikin hanyoyin da yawa na jama'a kai. A kai titi Tarabukina, kawai 'yan mintoci zai yi tafiya zuwa archaeological.

Shi ne kuma zai yiwu daga birnin ta bas izinin a kan titi Vorovskogo zuwa Naples. Akwai, kusa da kogin, sawu da aka aza, wanda ya samar da damar yin amfani da Filato. Shi ne daga mafi kyau da kuma ya kauda kai da babban gari na marigayi Scythians, da kuma na zamani babban birnin kasar na Crimea.