Muhalli dokokin da ta asali Concepts

A ra'ayi na "Kare Mahalli" ya zo daga kalmar Helenanci "oikos" wanda yake nufin "mazaunin", "mafaka", "gida". Kowane iri-iri na mutane a duniya yana da nasa mazauninsu, da ake kira gida. A musamman, da mutum ya zama cikin gida na dukan duniya duniya, ciki har da sarari.

A farko muhalli dokokin da aka mika shi ga babban tsoho likita Hippocrates fiye da shekara dubu biyu da suka wuce. Ya ya iya bayyana ba kawai kai tsaye sakamako na sauyin yanayi, ƙasa, ruwa da kuma yanayi kiwon lafiya mazaunan daban-daban kwaminonin, amma kuma zambar kamanta anthropological bayanin kabilun da suke zaune a Afirka, Asiya da Turai gaba da Rum. Ayyukansa dauke wadatacce shaidar rinjayar salon da kuma muhalli da dalilai a kan samuwar ruhaniya da kuma jiki halaye.

Daga baya, a cikin 17th karni, wani sabon kimiyya - likita labarin kasa. Ta ya yi karatu da tasiri na zaman jama'a da kuma muhalli da yanayi rinjaye a fagage daban-daban, a kan kiwon lafiya na ƙasar. The kafa wannan kimiyya shi ne Italian likita B. Rammatsini.

Wasu taimako ga muhalli dokokin gabatar da sanannen Rasha masanin kimiyya VI Vernadsky. Bisa ga definition na Muciya ne wani harsashi na Duniya inda rayuwa tasowa a fadi da dama kwayoyin. Sabanin data kasance a lokacin da ra'ayin cewa matsalar na jiki - shi ne mai m tsayarwa da yanayi, Vernadsky tabbatar da cewa rayuwa al'amari ne quite iya gyara da surface na duniya, kafa wani cikakken yanayin kasa m domin cin gaban su. Kowane tsari ne juna a cikin biosphere. Kuma bil'adama shi ne kawai karamin sashi na Muciya, kuma nan da nan da mutum da kansa - shi ne wani nau'i na Organic rayuwa.

Har ila yau, wannan babban masanin kimiyya nasa ne da fifiko na rukunan noosphere. Wannan ra'ayi yana nufin wani qualitatively sabon zamani - Sphere dalili ko "Tuna da harsashi". Wannan shi ne mafi girman mataki na ci gaba da Muciya, shi ne kai tsaye related to da haihuwa da kuma ci gaba da wayewa a cikinsa. A noosphere ne lokacin da wani m adam aiki zama rinjaye factor a ci gaba na duniya.

Duk wani tarin inorganic aka gyara da kuma kwayoyin, wanda ayan gudanar da hawan keke na al'amarin, da ake kira yanayin kasa. Wannan lokaci da aka samarwa da Arthur Tansley a shekarar 1935. Social dokokin na da lafiyar qasa, ko, mafi kawai, mutum Kare Mahalli, sanin yanayin da dangantaka da yanayi. Dalili da wannan dangantaka aza morfofiziologicheskie dauki na jikin mutum da tasiri cikin yanayi a kan aiwatar da yanayin halitta na juya.

Akwai daban-daban muhalli da kwasfansu, wanda zai shafi wani m iri-iri na rayuwa kwayoyin. Amma babban su ne wadanda cewa an kai tsaye alaka mutum rayuwa da kuma kiwon lafiya. A musamman, yana yiwuwa a gano babban muhalli dokokin game da lafiyar dan adam:

• Rauni effects sau da yawa ba sa wani martani daga cikin halitta tsarin, amma shi ba ya nufin cewa a sakamakon jari, ba za su iya haifar da tashin hankali da kuma unpredictable tsauri tafiyar matakai.
• View na jiki akwai saboda gaskiyar cewa kewaye yanayi cikakken tana biye da duk kayyade ikon daidaita zuwa ga irin wakilta ta canje-canje da kuma hawa da sauka.
• Kare Muhalli alkuki (location) na kowane irin wakilci a cikin yanayi, dole a cika. Alal misali, cutar kanjamau da aka annabta da masana kimiyya kafin ganewa na cututtuka da kuma causative jamiái na cuta. Base wannan Hasashen shi ne cewa nasara a kan mafiya yawa daga mutum cututtuka da ya yi murabus daga muhalli alkuki.
• Muciya amsar. muhalli dokokin ne irin wannan cewa, a cikin yin amfani da halitta tsarin, babu daya na da hakkin ya overstep halatta iyaka, kyale wadannan tsarin don cikar adana musamman dũkiyar kai-tsari, kai-kungiyar da kuma kai-tabbatarwa. In ba haka ba, da mayar da martani da karfi wajen} alubalantar da karfi na halitta m ga mutum tasiri.

Kimiyya "da lafiyar qasa" - wata babbar kafa dokoki da farillai da dole ne a bi idan bil'adama shi ne a cimma jituwa da hadin kai tare da yanayi. Amma, abin takaici, sau da yawa saka manta a cikin ni'imar da son zũciyõyinsu, kuma bukatun, da kuma da yawa daga cikin ka'idojin da lafiyar qasa suna kawai watsi, wanda ya haddasa kusan irreparable sakamakon da babban halaka.