Chromium oxide

Da dama sinadaran mahadi kunsha na biyu mai sauki abubuwa - Cr kuma Yã, - ya kamãta da wani aji na inorganic mahadi - oxides. Su kowa sunan - chromium oxide, dauka kara a parentheses Roman numerals nuna valence na karfe. Sauran sunayen da sinadaran dabarbari:

• chromium (II) oxide - chromium oxide, cro.
• chromium (III) oxide - chromic kore, chromium sesquioxide, Cr2O3.
• chromium (IV) oxide - chromium oxide, CrO2.
• chromium (VI) oxide - chromic anhydride, chromium trioxide, CrO3.

A fili a cikin abin da karfe shestivalenten da kuma samun mafi girma oxide da chromium. Wannan m, odorless, a cikin bayyanar kamar yadda wani duhu-ja lu'ulu'u (a cikin iska, suka shimfiɗa saboda da karfi hygroscopic). Matauni nauyi - 99,99 g / mole. Yawa a 20 ° C daidai 2,70 g / cm³. Narkewa batu - 197 ° C, tafasar - 251 ° C. A 0 ° C a cikin ruwa da narkar da 61,7 g / 100 a 25 ° C - 63 g / 100 ml a 100 ° C - 67,45 g / 100 ml. A oxide ne ma narkar da a sulfuric acid (chromic wannan cakuda, wanda aka yi amfani da dakin gwaje-gwaje don sinadaran wanka na jita-jita) da kuma nitric acid, ethanol, ethyl ether, acetic acid, acetone. A 450 ° C decomposes zuwa Cr2O3.

Chromium (VI) oxide da aka yi amfani da tsari na electrolysis (ga m chromium) ga chromating tutiya kayayyakin, electrolytic plating, kamar yadda wani karfi oxidizing wakili (domin samar da Indigo, isatin). Higher chromium oxide da ake amfani da ganowa barasa a exhaled iska. A dauki Saide bisa ga makirci: 4CrO3 + 6H2SO4 + 3C2H5OH → 2Cr2 (SO4) 3 + 3CH3COOH + 9H2O. A gaban barasa nuna wani bayani launi canji (jũya kore).

Chromium (VI) oxide, kazalika da dukan hexavalent Cr, shi ne m guba (kashi na mutuwa - 0.1 g). Saboda ta high aiki CrO3 sa ƙonewa (tare da fashewar) kwayoyin abubuwa , a lamba tare da su. Duk da low volatility, da hakan da chromium oxide ne m idan inhaled, kamar yadda shi ne huhu da ciwon daji. Bayan lamba tare da fata (ko da idan an cire an jima) Yanã hangula, dermatitis, eczema, tsokani ci gaban ciwon daji.

Tetravalent chromium oxide da CrO2 bayyanar shi ne mai ɗamfarar a cikin nau'i na baki tetrahedral ferromagnetic lu'ulu'u. Chromium oxide yana da wani matauni taro na 4 83.9949 g / mol, yawa 4,89 g / cm³. The abu ya narke lokaci guda saki, a zazzabi na 375 ° C. The ruwa ba ya narke. Yana amfani a Magnetic rikodi kafofin watsa labarai a matsayin aiki abu. Tare da shahararsa na CD-ROM, kuma DVD-ROM drive yi amfani da chromium (IV) oxide rage. An farko hada a 1956 da wani sunadarai daga Karna Maiya DuPont kamfanin Norman L. Cox da bazuwar na chromium trioxide a gaban ruwa a zazzabi na 640 ° C da kuma matsa lamba na 200 MPa. A cewar DuPont lasisi bayar da Sony a Japan da kuma BASF a Jamus.

3 chromium oxide Cr2O3 ne mai kyau-grained m abu daga haske zuwa duhu kore. Matauni taro daidai 151,99 g / mol. Yawa - 5,22 g / cm³. Narkewa batu - 2435 ° C, tafasasshen - 4000 ° C. A Refractive index na m abu - 2.551. Wannan oxide ba narkewa a cikin ruwa, barasa, acetone, acid. Kamar yadda ya fuskanci da yawa daga corundum yawa, shi ne gudanar a formulations polishing jamiái (msl, manna GOI). Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin muhimman oxides na chromium, wanda aka yi amfani a matsayin pigment. A karo na farko a kan m fasahar da aka samu a 1838 a cikin wani nau'i na m hydrated form. A yanayi, a samu a cikin nau'i na Chrome tama FeO • Cr2O3.

Divalent chromium oxide - m baki ko ja launi tare da narkewa batu na 1550 ° C. Narke tare da bazuwar. Matauni nauyi - 67,996 g / mol. Chromium oxide (II) na ja launi ba pyrophoric, kuma wannan abu ne mai baki pyrophoric. Foda ignites spontaneously a iska, don haka shi za a iya adana kawai a karkashin wani Layer na ruwa, kamar yadda ba ya hulɗa tare da shi. Black oxide da chromium ne sosai wuya a samu a cikin m form.

Domin chromium oxide da ƙananan valence hankula asali Properties, da kuma ga oxide da hakan valence - acid.