Septimius Bassianus Caracalla. Baho na Caracalla Sarkin sarakuna: photo, tarihi, maimaitawa, yadda za a samu a can?

A dilapidated tsohon gini, dake a cikin babban birnin kasar Italiya, da zarar aka sani da takwas mamaki na duniya. Man-sanya tarihi tunawa da yanzu ya nuna da yawa daga cikin tsoho daular, zama mataki na duniya sanannen Roman wasar kwaikwayo ta waka.

Baho na Caracalla: Tarihi

Kafin mu fara magana game da daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na madawwamin City, shi ne wajibi ne don bayyana cewa, irin wannan sharuddan. Rayu BC mazaunan zamanin d Roma da babban matsaloli da ruwa. Saboda haka sau da yawa tambaya ya tashi game da gina aqueducts, wanda ya taɓa ceton bada rai-ruwa zuwa birnin, a gaban jami'an. Kowane sabon marmaro ko ruwa ya zama mai real taron a wannan lokaci.

A hankali ya fara bayyana farko wanka, samun dama zuwa wanda aka sani kawai masu arziki da daraja Romawa. Za mu iya cewa yin iyo a cikin baho taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin harkokin rayuwar jama'a, ta zama wani irin na yau da kullum sadarwar ga waɗanda a cikin ikon. Famous mutane ba kawai a wanke, da kuma tattauna manyan batutuwan. Saunas bayar ba kawai a jiki wanka ayyuka, kuma suka hada da wani al'adu hadaddun, ciki har da wasanni wurare, library, da wuraren for wasan kwaikwayo productions. Saboda haka wanka aiwatar juya a cikin wani na musamman na ado da yardarSa.

Complex don wanka da kuma nisha

Da sauƙi, baho ya bai isa ba, da kuma a cikin karni 3rd AD, wannan tambaya da ruxani da sarki Caracalla. Baho, gina a cikin ƙasa na Roma a umurninsa, ne mai babbar dama hadaddun, wanda ya yi daidai ba. A yi na babban rabbai cewa zai iya saukar da 1,500 mutane, aka gina shekaru 11. Gina a babbar yanki na Roma ta monumental gani hada da dama da dakuna domin yin iyo da kuma hutu.

Known tarihin Spartian rikodin cewa ya bar baya da wani m hadaddun girman birni da Sarkin sarakuna Caracalla. Terme gaske mamaki da ta size da kuma arziki ado a duk faɗin duniya. High ganuwar da aka gina na pebbles da yashi, da duwatsu zuba sumunti, da kuma facade ado marmara slabs - tun da na gani sakamako halitta brittleness kyau tsarin a ƙurewar m sansanin soja hadaddun matsayin dukan.

Architecture Tsarin

Rufe da wani yanki na 11 kadada na sarki Caracalla baho ne wata katuwar gini da ban mamaki kyakkyawa firam. A duk bangarorin da shi da aka kewaye da wani picturesque shakatawa tare da babbar ginshiƙai. A manyan yawan gine-gine a cikin hadaddun ginawa symmetrically, kamar yadda duk farfajiyoyi da aka tsara na musamman, lankwasa hanyar hana zafi saki.

A hannu daya akwai da amphitheater, wanda sun daban-daban gasa, da sauran na da library, gina musamman domin gundura Romawa. Saboda haka na yi oda da sarki Caracalla. Baho da hada 64 dakuna tare da babbar tankuna anã ciyar da ruwa mai tsabta daga dutsen marẽmari na wandararre. Bayan wanka da Romawa daga cikin ƙasa, kuma baho a wurin shakatawa kyaun a cikin sanyi gazebo waje.

A tsarin da hadaddun lokaci

Wonderful cypress titi kai ga ƙofar wanka hadaddun. Babban ginin, wanda aiki a matsayin wani wuri na yin iyo, ne zuwa kashi da dama da dakuna.

Babban zauren, hasken zinariya taushi haske saboda da saka a cikin windows na m faranti m mamaki m tsawo na baka, wanda jũna a soke skyrocketing marmara katangu. Kuma ta cikin rami a tsarin da Dome ciki samu hasken rana. Luxury ado ne mai ban mamaki: dakin ado da yawa sculptures, da kuma kasa da aka sharewa tare da m mosaics depicting scenes na mythological jigogi.

Hot wanka (caldarium) ya rotunda da dakunan hutawa bayan ruwa magani. Dukan wannan kewaye da aka sanye take kananan maharibai a wanda shi yiwuwa a yi wanka shi kadai - wani samfur na dakunan wanka.

A dumi wanka (tepidarium) mamakin mosaic bene, a kan abin da Roman Figures 'yan wasa da aka sahu. A dama da hagu na ginin sun dakuna for gymnastics.

The sanyi wanka (frigidarium) a yarda flushed Romawa kwantar da hankali a wata babbar tasa.

A ban a kan kiwon lafiya

Gina sadarwa kashe wani ajali a matsayin wani na musamman gini, amma bayan faduwar girma Roman Empire, gina a zamanin mulkin sarki da sunan Caracalla baho fadi cikin disrepair. Da masu bincike yi imani da cewa babban rawa a gushewa kiwon lafiya buga Kiristanci wa'azi game da insignificance na jiki da kuma girman da rai. An yi imani da cewa danshi wanke tafi da ruwa mai tsarki, wanda tsoma mutum a baftisma, da kuma coci ministocin gane yi wanka a cikin zunubi, hana ruhaniya cin wanka, kuma duk da gine-gine da aka gani a matsayin arna lokaci.

Tames naman wa'azi bai wanke, a duk gidajen lama dakunan wanka ya zama wata ãyã daga matsananci matuqar wahala qwarai, abin da ba ya wurin a cikin ruhaniya ma'aikata. Datti aka girmama matsayin daya daga cikin Kirista dabi'u, da kuma yanzu ma san da m labaru na zamani ya samu kwarkwata, a fili gane a matsayin alamar tsarki. A sakamakon haka ne daban-daban annoba cewa taso a lokacin tsakiyar zamanai a Turai da kuma da'awar rayuwar miliyoyin mutane.

The duniya shahara yawon shakatawa janye

A XVI karni a kan kango na da zarar velichiestvennyh wanka gidaje da aka gudanar archaeological tono tare da dalili a yi ado da fadar Paparoma yi abu bar kan daga lokaci. Kuma a lõkacin da aka gano ban mamaki ayyukan art, wannan wuri da aka bai da matsayi na wani gida al'adu tunawa.

Kawai a cikin marigayi XIX karni, baho na Caracalla, kango na photo abin da ya sa memory ganin darajarsa da bygone yawa na Roma, yawon bude ido suna samun gane a matsayin Italian yawon shakatawa janye. Sararin kango ne bude wa baƙi a kowace rana, kuma a cikin lokaci, dukan su sun zama scene na opera gidan. Tsohon dumi wanka tuba a cikin wata babbar zauren domin kusan dubu 20 kallo. Kaddamar a 1937, da opera kakar ci gaba a yau, da kuma shahararrun taron shi ne yi a cikin Roman baho na uku da kasashen duniya gane tenors - Domingo, Carreras da Pavarotti.

Ma'anar kalmar sake gini na Rasha artist

A tsakiyar karni XIX a Roma da aka aiko daga Rasha Sergey Ivanov ya mayar da gine-gine da bayyanar da monumental gine-gine. Hard-aiki saurayi bai tsoratar ko da juyin juya halin ya barke, da kuma ya ci gaba da aikinsa, ko da kuwa da yanayi. Ba da da ewa a Italian buga muqala Ivanov, ya yi nazarin a daki-daki cikin baho na Caracalla. Ma'anar kalmar sake gini, wanda aka gabatar da Rasha artist, aka hada da 43 zane, da nuna babban juzu'in tsakiya na ginin, kazalika da dakuna a cikin sashe.

Ya aikata ba kawai yayi cikakkar sake bugawa duk kayan ado grand hadaddun, amma kuma suna da dakuna da zafi da kuma ruwan sanyi, canja dakuna, gyms da kuma sauran sassa na babban gini. Rasha masanin kimiyyar aikin ne invaluable ga duk masu bincike na zamanin d kango, ya nuna alatu giant na sarki Tsarin.

Baho na Caracalla: yadda za a samu a can?

Don samun zuwa wasan opera gidan, wanda shi ne yanzu a wuri wanka hadaddun, na iya zama a kan jirgin karkashin kasa, ko motar jigila. Term adireshin, dake a cikin cibiyar na Italian babban birnin kasar, kamar haka: Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 52. Entrance zuwa kango na 'yan kudin Tarayyar Turai, amma a kan wata ziyara da wasar kwaikwayo ta waka zai yi cokali mai yatsu, saboda kudin zai dogara ne a kan matsayi na artist. Amma sikelin da m kyau na spectacle, shan wuri a cikin bude iska da dare, shi ne ainihin daraja.

A zamanin d tsarin, duk da hasãra jihar, shi ne wani fatan amfani a waje yawon bude ido admiring wasiyya da Ancient Roma. Sarkin sarakuna gina a cikin kwanaki tare da sonorous sunan Caracalla baho ne mai ban girma da kuma sikelin da duk wanda ya taba hancin gurtsun dabino gine-gine da mamaki.