Shahararren dan wasan Amurka Georgia O'Keeffe (Georgia O'Keeffe): hotuna, bidiyon

Georgia O'Keeffe an san shi ne "uwar uwa na zamani na zamani". An fassara ayyukanta bisa ga Freud, amma ita kanta ba ta gane irin waɗannan abubuwa ba. Ta ƙaunar zana furanni da ganye, shimfidar wurare tare da duwatsu, da dukan zane-zanensa sun sami masu sha'awar su. A shekara ta 2014, an sayar da "Farin Fari" No. 1 a kan siyar domin fiye da dolar Amirka miliyan 4. Wannan shi ne rikodin ga hoto da mace ta rubuta.

Yara da matasa

Georgia O'Keeffe, wanda zane-zanenmu za muyi la'akari, an haife shi a cikin nisan 1887 a birnin San Prairie, Viscountin. Iyayensa, Francis da Ida O'Keeffe, sun kiyaye gonar kiwo. Mahaifinsa dan Irish ne, mahaifin mahaifiyarsa Count George Victor Totto ne. A cikin girmama shi an kira shi. Georgia shi ne babba na yara bakwai. Da shekaru 10 ya yanke shawara ya zama zane. A tsawon lokaci, da iyali koma Vilyasburg, Virginia. A nan ita ce ɗaliban ɗalibai na makaranta. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga makaranta a shekara ta 1905, yarinyar ta yi nazari a shekara guda a Makarantar Kwalejin Art na Chicago. Shiga zuwa New York, ta sami digiri don samun rayuwa mai rai tare da zubar da zubar da ciki don shiga ayyukan waje. A 1908, Jojiya ya ziyarci nuni na launin ruwan launuka Rodin, wanda aka shirya a cikin hotonsa na 291 daga mai daukar hoto mai daukar hoto da goyon bayan zamaniism Alfred Stiglitz (1864 - 1946).

Bincike don hanya

A 20, O'Keeff ya ki aiki a matsayin mai zane, yayin da ƙanshin masararru suka ji haushi. Ta fara koyar da zane, amma sau da yawa ya canza aiki a birane da jihohi daban-daban. A lokaci guda, yarinyar ya dauki nauyin malaman da ke tare da ita. A shekara ta 1912, ta zama sha'awar ka'idojin zane-zane.

Again New York

Daga 1915 - 1916, ta sake farawa. Georgia O'Keeffe zane a wannan lokaci an fentin da gawayi da ruwa. Akwai isasshen su ga wannan nuni. Ayyukan da aka yi ba su da kyau. Layin Blue, ta fenti sau da yawa. Daya daga cikin bambance-bambance na farko da aka yi tare da ruwan sha a takarda a 1916. Abin da ta so ya ce yana da wuya a fahimta. A cikin abstraction, kowa yana ganin abin da yake so ya gani. Stiglitz ya nuna abubuwa goma daga ayyukanta, da aka yi a Texas, a cikin ɗakin ta. Ba su saduwa ba, amma sun dace da shekaru biyu kuma suka yanke shawara su zauna tare, kodayake Alfred yana da shekaru 23 da haihuwa kuma ya yi aure. A wannan lokacin ne hoton 1918, wanda aka sanya a farkon labarin. Bugu da ƙari, Stiglitz bai yi kasa da 350 na hotuna ba. A 1924, al} ali ya amince da kisan auren, kuma mai zane-zane da mai daukar hoto ya yi aure. Ayyukan 1919, Blue Line, ya bambanta da na farko da zaɓuɓɓuka. Kuma an yi daban - man a kan zane. Hoton, haƙiƙa, ana ado ne kuma yana magana akan launi na mai zane. Amma mece ce? Marubucin yana jin dadin zama daya daga cikin manyan masana falsafanci - Schopenhauer: "Wanda yake tunani a fili, ya bayyana a fili." Wannan ya shafi zane. Georgia O'Keeffe zane-zane da launi mai launi ya rubuta ainihin kawai jin dadin wasan launi, siffar. A cikin akwati na biyu kuma yana da ikon iya nuna zurfin sararin samaniya. Zai yiwu, babu wani abu da za a ce game da su.

Canza canje-canje

A cikin shekarun 1920s, Georgia O'Keefe ya fara zanen zane-zane. Fasaha na halitta (furanni, foliage) suna neman su duba ta hanyar gilashin ƙarami. A shekarar 1924 ta zana furenta ta farko - "Petunia No. 2". Wannan aikin, ta gabatar a nuni a 1925 tare da shimfidar wurare na New York. Wadannan sun canza kayan gine-ginen, wanda ya ƙunshi siffofi masu launi.

New Mexico

A 1929, O'Keeffe ya fara neman sababbin sabbin hanyoyi don yin aiki. Tana son kauce wa rani da iyalin Stiglitz da ke kewaye da shi, da abokansa, su yi ritaya. Shekaru 16 za ta zo nan zuwa New Mexico duk lokacin rani. Yana janyo hankulan gine-gine ta Mexican, ciyayi, kwanyar da kasusuwa akan yashi - alamomi na hamada. Kuma a shekarar 1945, Jojiya za su iya sayen wani tsohon Adobe gidan suka zauna a can a shekarar 1946 bayan mutuwar mijinta.

«Kullun ganye»

Hoton tsire-tsire, wanda muke wakilta, an rubuta a 1924. Mai zane ya tara ɗakunan, duwatsu masu kyau, ƙasusuwa a kan Lake George, tare da hasken haske wanda ya yi mamaki da tunaninta da siffofin da yawa. Yawancin ganye na palette sun samo dukkanin inuwõyin launin jan, jan launi, ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kore, suna samar da yanayi na kaka. Wadannan itacen oak suna jingina zuwa jirgin sama, suna fatar juna. Amma ba su haɗu da juna. An ware su daga juna. Dukkan abubuwa suna kara girma. Ragowar rani suna ƙaddamarwa a cikin kore. Daga tsakanin 1922 zuwa 1931, Jojiya ya tsara hotuna 29 a kan fitowar ganye. Ga wata Kullun Wata (1927), Wanne ya kwatanta ma'auni mai ban sha'awa wanda ɗan wasa ya kafa tsakanin abstraction da hakikance. An bar ganye a saman juna. Baturar ɗan gajeren kaciya. Amma a kan takardar farko, ta hanyar gilashin ƙaramin gilashi, zamu ga karar daɗaɗɗa. Sannai suna da alama za a tura su kuma su tambaye su suyi la'akari da hankali, yayin da muke tafiya akan su ba tare da kallo ba. A wannan lokacin, zane-zane na Georgia O'Keefe ya samo asali ne a cikin sabon salon da ya nuna ta mafi yawan hotuna.

Girma daga shahararrun mutuwar mijinta

A cikin shekaru 30 da 40, aikinsa ya zama sananne. Ta shiga cikin nune-nunen. Zane-zane da katako mai laushi da tsuntsaye sun zama daya daga cikin ayyukan da ya fi shahara. A 1946 ta kasance, kamar yadda ya saba, a lokacin bazara a New Mexico kuma ya koyi game da yanayin rashin lafiyar mijinta. Ya mutu, kuma toka ya warwatse a kan Lake George. Georgia O'Keeffe ta shafe shekaru uku a New York. A wannan lokacin ta shiga cikin al'amuran gado. Sai ta koma New Mexico saboda kyakkyawan aiki.

"Krasavka"

Bella Donna, wanda kuka gani yanzu, an rubuta shi a 1939. Mai zane-zane yana sha'awar furen kuma yayi babban jerin. Ta kanta ta ce wani abu kamar haka: "Ba wanda yake ganin furen, saboda ƙananan ƙananan ne. Ba mu da lokaci don duba shi. Don haka sai na yanke shawarar janye shi don haka kowa ya yi mamakin ganinsa. " Hoton na biyu, wanda aka gabatar a nan, yana da lada ga belladonna - Bella Donna. Baturar ya zama mafi cikakken. Furen suna wasa da launin launin launin launin launin launin fata, mai laushi, bluish da sautunan turquoise, wanda ya sa tsararru daga cikin fatal. Tare da sha'awar mawallafin mai zane zane ya samu karin kamuwa da ainihin flower mai rai, yayin da yake lokaci guda yana samar da hoto mai girma.

Black Iris

Black Iris, an fentin shi a cikin mai a kan zane, yana nufin farkon ayyukan 1926. Amma ya haifar da tattaunawa mai tsanani. Na farko, an dauke shi a matsayin mai daraja ta O'Keeffe. Kuma sai suka yi magana game da shi kuma jayayya. Ƙara girma da ƙananan dabbobin ba tare da yiwu ba, mai zane ya sa mai kallo ya lura da dukkanin jimla. Idan hoton ba lamari ba ne (girmansa shine 91.4975.9 cm), za a rasa su. Ta dauki kalaman wannan rukuni. Ya damu da su. Ka dubi kanka kuma ka gwada fahimtar abin da sirri yake.

Gani mai kyau da kuma salon mutum

O'Keeffe yana neman siffofin siffofi na hakikanin abubuwa. Tare da mahimmanci, ta samo hanyoyi masu kyau na nau'i, haske da launi. Kasashe, furanni, kasusuwa sunyi nazarin ta a jerin jimla a cikin shekara, kuma idan an buƙata, shekaru da yawa. Ko ma shekarun da suka gabata. Ayyuka na 50, 60 na, 70 na dogara ga hotuna da aka gabatar a cikin zane na tsakiyar shekaru 40. Kwayar furanni a kan takalmanta ana kiran shi lalata, wanda ba gaskiya ba ne. Shafukan Georgia O'Keeffe suna sha'awar babban zane-zane. A wannan yanayin, an sauya kwarewar rayuwa zuwa zane. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin zane-zane akwai mutumin da ya fara da ita. Hotunanta suna ba da ra'ayi game da abin da ta gani.

Ƙarshen shekaru

A shekarar 1972, O'Keeffe ya kusan rasa ta. Ba ta iya rubuta man fetur ba, amma tana aiki tare da gawayi da fensir. Sai ta sadu da wani ɗan tukwane maras kyau, wanda nan da nan ya zama abokin taƙama da aboki. Bayan rasuwarta a shekara ta 1986, lokacin da ya kai 98, jikinsa ya kone da toka ya watse. A kan wannan, ga alama, za ka iya kawo ƙarshen tarihin rayuwar dan wasan kwaikwayo mai suna Georgia O'Keeffe. Tarihin, duk da haka, ya ci gaba, saboda duk dukiyar da aka bari ga abokin. Yan uwan sunyi jayayya da nufin, kuma an yanke hukunci a gaban kotun. An sanya wani ɓangare na dukiyarsa gidan kayan gargajiya a Santa Fe, wanda ke da gidan tarihi na Georgia O'Keeffe. An rubuta rubutu na labarin bisa harshen Ingilishi-Wikipedia.