Shotcrete: The fasahar aiki da kuma siffofin

A cikin shekaru 100 da shekaru na spraying kankare fasahar} ir} shi ya zama mai classic da ake amfani a wani yawan masana'antun da su warware daban-daban samarwa matsaloli. Haka kuma, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan saboda karuwa da kundin na gyara da kuma yi aiki sha'awa a cikin wannan Hanyar ta ƙara markedly. Spraying ne layering na plaster ko kankare mafita da tsawwala matsa lamba da wanda hulda na barbashi aka bayar tare da shirye surface na bayani. Data kasance fasa da kuma kananan pores suna cike a lokacin aiki.

shi da amfani a yankin

Aikace-aikace na fesa kankare yau ne quite na kowa. Wannan dabara da ake amfani don haɗa da dutse a karkashin kasa da ayyukansu a hako ma'adinai da kuma ta murhu. Ba za a iya yi ba tare da wannan fasaha da kuma gyara na kankare da karfafa kankare Tsarin. Wadannan sun hada da karfafa da kuma maye na rubabben abu. Shotcrete ake amfani da lokacin dauke da fitar sealing, a matsayin mai tsaurin abu. Ya samu ta tartsatsi ba ferrous, ferrous, sunadarai, sumunti da kuma gilashin masana'antu, kowanne daga abin da ake dangantawa da high-zazzabi tafiyar matakai. An amfani da su samar da wani m lalacewa-resistant shafi. Popular sau da yawa, wannan hanya da ake amfani da su haifar da abubuwa na m manufar. A dabara da ake amfani da hawa a ƙasa yi ƙasa. Wannan ya shafi ajiya na'urorin da rami, kazalika da} arfafa gangara a lokacin da gina hanya mararraba da kuma gadoji.

Main fasali na fasahar

A lokacin da shafi shotcrete, fasahar ne halin da wasu fasaloli, a cikinsu - da yiwuwar ake ji da abun da ke ciki a kan m surface da wani tushe, located in duk jirage. Wannan shi ne saboda high m kaddarorin da kuma cakuda ta kai-da goyon bayan ikon. Nabryzg samar a high matsa lamba da kuma gudun, wanda damar for kyau kwarai mannewa na kayan. Bayan da ajiye fim da aka matsa da kansa. A kauri daga cikin surface iya samun wani, cewa zai dogara ne a kan takamaiman yanayi da kuma matsaloli. Wani lokaci da aikin tare da ƙarfafa, da ta shafi amfani da na gargajiya ƙarfafa ko musamman zaruruwa. A fasahar ba ka damar da sauri gina goyon bayan Tsarin ba tare da shiga tsakani na formwork da kuma gusar dogon jira lokaci.

Iri na shotcrete fasahar

Shotcrete za a iya amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban: rigar ko bushe. A farkon yanayin, da fesa bututun ƙarfe an ciyar a cikin wani nau'i na shirye-mix kankare. Wannan ya zama mai yiwuwa ta hanyar wani na musamman tube. A abun da ke ciki shi ne a cikin nau'i na wani m rafi. Yana amfani da bakin ciki iska , da kuma kankare. Kamar yadda wani amfani da wannan dabara ne da yiwuwar amfani da wani uniform abun da ke ciki, da kadan dusting, minimizing irinta abu da kuma ikon gama da grout cakuda bayan aikace-aikace. A sakamakon ragi za a iya amfani ga sauran aikin gine-gine. A rigar Hanyar da ake ji fesa kankare za a iya samar da tsare sarari.

Disadvantages na rigar shaida

Shotcrete za a iya amfani da wani rigar hanya, amma yana da wasu drawbacks, bayyana, a low bayani kwarara kudi da cewa ba da damar ga iyakar zane yawa. A kauri daga cikin amfani da Layer ne da iyaka kuma ba ya wuce 3 santimita da daya m. Domin tabbatarwa shotcrete inji idan aka yi amfani da rigar Hanyar, ya karu da bukatun. Bugu da ƙari, cikin master aka daure su cikin kankare samar wuri, da kuma yin amfani da dogon hannayen riga ba zai yiwu. Wannan ya takaita maneuverability.

Features bushe shotcrete

Da ake ji fesa kankare za a iya samar da wani bushe da fasaha, da kuma wanda ya samar da da ciyar da cakuda da fillers domin raba ruwa daga tiyo. Lokacin da wannan hadawa faruwa kai tsaye a cikin nebulizer. Idan akai la'akari da amfanin, shi ne don samar da yiwuwar ga abun da ke ciki na nesa, kazalika da karuwa a kwarara kudi na turmi. Interlayer mannewa da mannewa da surface na farko Layer ƙaruwa, shi za a iya ce game da cika, amma da amfani Layer iya samun kauri har zuwa 60 millimeters. Idan ka yi amfani da wannan dabara, gindi ba zai bukatar wani ƙarin na share fage, kayan aiki ba ya samar wa da bukatar wanka. Yana zai isa ya busa shi tare da matsa iska.

Disadvantages na bushe Hanyar

A site na aikace-aikace dabaru amfani da bushe shotcreting zai alama ya karu gurbatawa da kura. Ma'aikata da zai yi da dace cancantar. A rabo na ruwa zuwa bushe cakuda ya kamata a gyara da kuma kimanta a lokacin da shafi tsari.

A abun da ke ciki na kankare

Idan ka zabi ka yi amfani da shotcrete, cakuda bada shawarar a bincika. Don shirya yin amfani da ciminti da yashi a cikin rabo 1: 3 ko 1: 4, duk zai dogara ne a kan aiki da ake buƙata saboda zane. A cikin farko idan, da farfajiya zai zama daidai jimre da inji kuma na biyu - da yanayin. Wajibi ne a shirya irin wannan adadin daga cikin cakuda, wadda za ku iya aiki daga cikin 3 hours, in ba haka ba za su ruwan, ciminti hasarar aiki quality.

Idan kana so ka yi aiki a ƙananan yanayin zafi, to na sama da sinadaran ya kamata a kara plasticizers, waxanda suke da pre-diluted a ruwa. Idan ya cancanta, da shiri na da bushe cakuda kara a foda siffan. Ya tõzarta generated a lokacin irinta daga cikin abu, dole ne ba a yi amfani da sakandare hadawa bayani.

ƙarin sinadaran

Wasu kamfanonin wani lokaci ana ci gaba Additives domin shotcrete. A lamban kira ga ƙiren ƙarya, ko wajen wani request ga shi, a wannan yanayin, dole ne ka yi biyayya. Kawai idan da kayayyakin da za a iya sayar. Kamar yadda wani misali, ka yi la'akari da aikace-aikace a lamban kira na RF №2543233, cikinsa da cakuda ne suna goyon bayan da karin hadaddun Additives. Saboda haka, a cikin daya daga cikinsu a matsayin karin bangaren hidima hydrofluoric acid. Amma da zuciyar ne biyu bangaren stabilizer - sodium aluminate. Acidic aka gyara - phosphoric acid Kalam. A cikinsa, a mataki na farko da ruwa ne mai tsanani zuwa da zazzabi na 60 zuwa 110 darajõji, kuma bayan shi ne ya gabatar a cikin aluminum sulfate da hydrofluoric acid, diethanolamine da acidic stabilizer bangaren. A mataki na gaba da babban bangaren da aka gabatar.

Abun da ke ciki "Zeke" fesa kankare

Idan kana so ka san abin da abun da ke ciki na shotcrete kamfanin "Sika", ya kamata ya zama mafi saba da halaye na cakuda. Saboda haka, ana iya amfani da a cikin hunturu, wanda aka sanya yiwu godiya ga na musamman Additives da modulating kari. Domin warware daban-daban matsaloli, da manufacturer yana amfani da wani girke-girke. Domin ciminti da yashi cakosoban iya kara a cikin sama rabbai cewa bunkasa segregational kwanciyar hankali daga cikin cakuda. Wani lokaci hadawa accelerators amfani da saitin da hardening, kazalika da hanawa da kuma Additives a kan tushen da microsilica. A karshe na wadannan sinadaran yana da muhimmanci ga inganta da ƙarfi, kuma impermeability. Shotcrete, wanda bako dole ne bi da wadannan zane-zane da: 26633, halin da fice a wasan.

surface shiri

Kafin na farko Layer nauyi ne amfani, tushe ne kare hydraulically da sandblasting. A surface kamata zama peeling tsohon Paint, plaster, kankare, datti, laka da kuma kura. Idan akwai wani ƙarfafa, shi zai tsabtace sama da tsatsa. Don inganta mannewa kankare surface ne roughened. Domin sarrafa abun da ke ciki na uniform rarraba a kan surface na T-shirts suna shigar. Wani lokaci na gaba Layer ne karfafa wannan manufa 100-mm raga, kuma idan cell size ne karami, shi za nutsar a farko Layer. The shirya surface ya kamata a fatattaki tare da matsa iska da kuma rinsed da ruwa.

shotcrete fasahar

Idan ka yanke shawarar a kan nasu ya yi aikin da aka bayyana, ka iya zama interested in da rabo daga shotcrete, wanda shi ne 2400 kg 1 cubic mita. Wannan dole ne a yi la'akari lokacin kirga da kauri daga cikin na gaba Layer. A nesa tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da surface zai kai tsaye shafi cikin adadin sako-sako da kaya. Kamar yadda yi nuna, a nesa na daya ko biyu mita ne mafi kyau duka. Idan ka rage shi, zai sa babban kudi, kazalika da wani kadan sealing Layer. Idan, duk da haka, wuce sama adadi, da shafi za a gãshin.

domin shotcrete Additives iya ba za a yi amfani da, amma ruwan ba zai iya ki a kowace hanya. Ya kamata a kara da cewa a wani takamaiman rabo. Alal misali, kafin su sami wani ƙarfi daga 26,4 MPa zai zama dole don ƙara ruwa da siminti a cikin wani rabo na 0,35. Idan kana so ka rage ƙarfin har zuwa 22.1, da gwargwado ya kamata yi kama 0.5. A farkon yanayin, da irinta yawan da aka 19.1. yayin da a karo na biyu - 11.2. Ganiya ruwa-ciminti rabo ne daidaita da iyaka 0.4. Aikace-aikace na fesa kankare aka samar a yadudduka, da ƙaramar kauri kowane daga cikinsu dole ne game da 6 millimeters. A lokacin da shafi kankare spraying bututun ƙarfe ciminti-gun kamata ta motsa a cikin wani helical hanya. Orient da shi dole ne ya zama a wani dama kwana zuwa surface. Canja kwana na iya zama dan kadan, kokarin cika a cikin zurfin harsashi ko armature sarari.

Gwani shawara

Kowane Layer dole ne a hada raba kwance tube wanda tsayinsa ne m. Layering tsiri a kan juna dole ne 20 santimita. Idan aka yi nufin amfani bayyananne bayani ba tare da yin amfani da Additives, na biyu Layer kamata a yi amfani a cikin sa'o'i biyu bayan na farko.