Shugaban Amurka Karter Dzhimmi: biography, photos

Siyasa Dzhimmi Karter sanya wani aiki daga abin da mafarki na kowane American. Ya tafi daga wani sauki manomi zuwa fadar White House, ya zauna a cikin tarihin Amurka, amma bai cancanci ƙauna mai girma, na yawan jama'ar, ba sa iya rike shugabancin. Duk da haka, Carter ya taka rawa a cikin tarihin duniya, da kuma hanya ta rayuwa ya cancanci ban sha'awa.

formative shekaru

Karter Dzhimmi aka haife shi a iyali na da wani m manomi a Jihar Georgia, Oktoba 1, 1924. Babu wani abu da ya annabta wani m harkar siyasa, ko da yake iyaye ba da yaro mai kyau ilimi: ya halarci kudu maso yammacin jihar College da kuma Georgia Tech. Amma bai shirya shiga cikin harkokin siyasa, da kuma mafarkin na zama soja. Saboda haka shiga cikin sojan ruwan Academy da Amurka, kuma yana fatan cimma burinsu. Domin shekaru 10, ya samu nasarar sanya wani aiki a cikin Navy, ya bauta wa a nukiliya submarine jiragen ruwa, ya zama babban jami'i.

Amma a 1953, da iyali hali bukaci ya yi murabus daga cikin sojojin. Mahaifinsa ya rasu, da kuma kula da gudanar da farm fadi a kan kafadu na Jimmy. Shi ne kawai dan 'yar'uwarsa ba tafiyar da namo kirki ba, kuma haka Jimmy dauki kan gona management. Iyalinsa ya tsauraran sharudda, uban ya shaida baftisma da tashe yara a addini hadisai. Jimmy wasu conservatism gada daga ubansa. Amma daga mahaifiyarsa ya mika shi a high zaman jama'a aiki. Ta ya tsunduma a cikin zaman jama'a da ayyukan, har ma da lokacin da ya riga ya a wani ci-gaba shekaru, bai bar su da ayyukan da aikin, kamar} ungiyar hidimar na a India.

Jimmy haka nasarar jagoranci gona, wanda nan da nan ya zama wata miliyoniya ya fara tafiyar da zamantakewa.

hanyar siyasa

A shekarar 1961, Karter Dzhimmi matakai a kan siyasa hanya, ya zama memba na District Board of Education, an sa'an nan ya wuce zuwa majalisar dattijai na Jihar Georgia. A shekarar 1966, Carter ta takararsa ga post na gwamnan jihar, amma hasarar tseren, duk da haka, ba ya ratse daga nufin manufa, kuma a cikin shekaru hudu yana daukan saman. Yakin dandali da aka gina a kan kawar da nuna bambancin launin fata, da ra'ayin shi ne ya shiryarwa star a duk zaben a Georgia, shi ya kwayoyin da hali da kuma manufar views. Carter ya a cikin Democratic Party da kuma fata ya samu wata kujera mataimakin shugaban a lokacin da gwamnati na D. Ford, amma ya yi tafiya Nelson Rockefeller. Sa'an nan Jimmy wani ra'ayin zama shugaban kasa.

zaben tseren

A halin da ake ciki a Amurka da gudummawar da cewa mutane suna disillusioned tare da 'yan jam'iyyar Republican da kuma jam'iyyar Democrat, ciki har da Carter, mafi damar yin yãƙi a cikin fadar shugaban kasa. Carter sanya wani m tsalle, ya sauri garzaya zuwa Elite na American siyasa, da farko 9 watanni na fara a matsayin mai zuwa na baya na tseren kafin shi a sarari shugaban.

Its yakin neman zabe ya faru nan da nan bayan da tallafi na doka a kan jama'a kudade na irin abubuwan, shi ne suna daidaitãwa chances na cikin 'yan takara da kuma taimaka Carter. Ya taka leda a cikin ni'imar da Watergate abin kunya, da Amirkawa bayan da shenanigans na Nixon ba ya so ya yi imani da masu sana'a yan siyasa da suka yi ragu kansu. Ya dauki amfani da Democratic Party, sa up for zaben 'yan takara daga cikin mutane, wanda aka dauke su Carter. Jimmy ya goyan bayan shugabannin motsi kare hakkin na baki yawan jama'a, shi bayar da shi da mafi yawan kuri'un da aka kada. A farkon tseren gaba na Carter D. Ford ta kusa da 30%, amma a karshen shi ne ko da yaushe kiba kashi biyu cikin dari. Ya har yanzu da ya hana a pronounced Kudancin lafazi, a cikin ɗaukar hoto na kafofin watsa labarai ya ba duba haka m kamar yadda ya abokin gaba. Carter bai yi mai kyau fahimtar da siyasa tsoma bakin, ya aka sani a matsayin siyasa dilettante, kuma shi zai ta da shi, ba kawai a lokacin zaben amma kuma a lokacin shugabancin.

Man lambar 1 a Amurka

Nuwamba 2, 1976 duniya labarai hukumomin ruwaito: Dzhimmi Karter - da shugaban kasar Amurka. Yakin neman zabe ne kan, amma da wuya sau kawai dannawa zuwa Carter. Tattalin arzikin Amurka a wannan lokaci da aka ƙãre da yaki a Vietnam, kazalika da tsanani mai rikicin, wanda ya ga kasar a matsayin wani sabon abu. Muna bukatar sabon, m matakan da cewa zai taimaka wajen raya tattalin arziki. Shugaban ya yi jãyayya da high kumbura, na neman hanyoyin da za a mayar da tattalin arziki, yana daukan da mutane suke so yanke shawara da kuma kiwata haraji, wanda ba ya ba da ake so tattalin arziki sakamako, amma shi buga mutanen da gwamnatin manufofin.

A kasar zama mafi tsada fetur da sauran kayayyaki, Karter Dzhimmi yana neman hanyoyin da za a shawo kan matsalolin. Bugu da kari, ya yana iyakacin ƙoƙarinsa don ku kasance kamar Nixon - da m shugaba prematurely ritaya. Carter ya ki ya da yawa amfanin, dogaro farko mutum na jiha: ba ya so a hau a cikin wani limousine a ranar rantsar da shi, sa ya kututturan, sayar da shugaban yacht. Na farko, da jama'a likes shi, amma sa'an nan ya zo da ganin cewa wadannan ayyuka ba su da abun ciki, amma kawai wani ƙa'ida.

Don shawo kan girman kai na siyasa Elite, Carter samu a cikin matasa ma'aikatan gwamnati da suka yi aiki tare da shi a Georgia, kadai ne matsakanci tsakanin shugaban kasar da kuma jihar Elite ne mataimakin shugaban kasar Uolter Mondeyl.

Dzhimmi Karter, cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin da ya bambanta inconsistencies, ya nema ya yi mafi kyau na nufi ba, amma shi ne ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu. Ya sauri ya zama wani abu na izgili da caricature. Alal misali, labarin da zomo, wanda ake zargin kai hari Carter kama kifi juya a cikin wani satirical ƙasida dake bayyana wani rauni, kuma cirkaka na shugaban kasa.

A kaunar salama Shugaba

A waje Politika Dzhimmi Carter ta daban-daban kariya daga bukatun {asar Amirka da kuma wani marmarin rage duniya tashin hankali. A cikin jawabin rantsar da shugaban ya ce zai yi duk abin da ya tallafa a bunqasar da zaman lafiya a duniya. Amma ya ba duk nasara. Carter A Board lura da cewa, Amurka ta yi ƙunci dangantakar da Tarayyar Soviet. Ya cinma ci gaba a kan yarjejeniya a kan iyakance dabarun da makamai, amma cewa bai tsaya Soviet gwamnati daga gabatarwar sojoji a Afghanistan. Carter ya gana da kaurace wa gasar wasannin Olympics a Moscow. Relations deteriorate. Congress ba tabbatar da yarjejeniyar a kan gishiri-II, da son zaman lafiya Carter sami gaskiya a cikin siyasar kasar. Yana bayyana a karkashin Carter rukunan, wanda ya furta Amurka da dama don kare maslahar su ta kowane hanya, ciki har da soja. A ƙarshe, da ya tilasta ƙara da kudin na rike da kasa ta kare, kuma shi aggravated da wuya kudi halin da ake ciki na Amurka.

Shugaban ba zai iya warware matsalar da kasar Masar da Isra'ila rikici a Sinai Larabawa, amma Palasdinawa matsaloli zauna kasa warwaruwa. Yana kuma cimma yarjejeniya a kan kome da kowa ƙasa na Panama Canal.

Babbar kasashen waje da manufofin batun Carter ya mai wahala na dangantaka da Iran. A Amurka ya bayyana cewa, yankin ne da wani yanki na amfani da su ne shirye su kare. A lokacin Carter akwai wani juyin juya hali, Ayatullah Khumaini ya furta da Amurka "Great Shai an" da kuma kira ga yaki da wannan kasa. A rikici kai da ganiya lokacin da a Tehran da aka dauka aka yi garkuwa da 60 ma'aikata na ofishin jakadancin Amurka. Wannan sa a karshe karshen fatan Carter ya zama shugaban a karo na biyu. Wannan kaifi rikici da Iran ba kammala a yau.

Amurka karkashin Jimmy Carter

A kasar, ana sa ran daga cikin sabon shugaban kasar don warware matsaloli. Mai tsananin rikicin makamashi, a manyan jama'a gaira, hauhawar farashin kaya - Waɗannan su ne matsalolin da ake bukata da za a magance gaggawa. Dzhimmi Karter, da shugaban kasar Amurka, wanda ya samu a kasar a cikin wani tsanani yanayin, kokarin shawo kan makamashi dogaro da Amurka ba, amma Congress katange da gyara shirin. Ya kasa shawo kan Yunƙurin a farashin a kasar, da kuma wannan ya sa tsanani damunsu, na yawan jama'ar.

Domestic Politika Dzhimmi Carter ya sãɓã, savanin da wani rauni, ya yi mai yawa da kyau nufi, ya shirya ya kawo canji da jin dadin jama'a na kasar, ya so ya rage farashin ga ayyuka kiwon lafiya, amma wadannan ayyukan ma samu wani tallafi a Congress. A ra'ayin game da wani muhimman hakkokin canji na na'ura na jami'an musamman bã su sãmun wani isasshen martani da kuma bar aikin. Gangamin ya yi alkawarin rage hauhawar farashin kaya da kuma rage rashin aikin yi a kasar don ci gaba da Carter ya gaza saboda da wuya tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki. Kuma Carter ta cikin gida da manufofin da aka malorezultativnoy da kawai ya dada tabarbare shi da rashin kula da masu jefa} uri'a. Media zargi Jimmy powerlessness da a sakaya sunansa, su gabatar da shi don ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba zai iya amsa wa mafi yawan matsalolin lokacinmu.

ƙoƙari

Shugaba Dzhimmi Karter, kamar mutane da yawa daga cikin abokan aiki a fadar White House, ya ba tsere harin. Lamarin ba trumpeted kafofin watsa labarai, saboda tsaro sabis zai iya hana Shots. Saboda haka, a shekarar 1979, a lokacin da shugaban kasar ta tafiya zuwa California ga wani jawabin da Latin American jama'a da aka shirya wani hari a kan shugaban kasa. Amma a saboda lokaci biyu hadin kai mahalarta aka tsare Oswaldo Ortiz da Reymond Li Harvey, wanda ya yi amo da taimakon da bindiga da harbe-harben guraben da kalmomin da sauran mahalarta Carter aka harbe tare da bindiga. Sunayen 'yan maƙarƙashiya nan da nan koma zuwa sunan kisan kai Dzhona Kennedi da kuma haifar da wani yawa na shakka. Wasu 'yan jarida sun ko zargi shugaban staging da yunkurin da nufin domin ya yaudari masu jefa kuri'a don su gefe. A tsari ba ya samun da talla da kuma shari'a ci gaba, m kisan gillar da aka bayar da belinsa. Kuma duk wannan wani digo a cikin kofin haƙuri masu jefa kuri'a da kuma abokan hamayyar siyasa Carter.

kashi

Duk shugaban hanya Carter - shi ne hanyar ɓata, kasawan da kasa warwaruwa matsaloli. Jimmy Carter ta siyasa ya ba da karfi, sabili da haka ci Ronald Reagan za a sa ran. Gangamin hedkwatar karshe sosai cikin hikima ya yi amfani da halin da ake ciki na da aka yi garkuwa a kasar Iran, kazalika da duk kasawa na halin yanzu shugaban kasa. Akwai version cewa Dzhordzh Bush, memba na Reagan ta tawagar tafi a kan baki da Iran yan bindiga rinjayarwa su rike da aka yi garkuwa da har irin wannan lokaci har aka sanar da sakamakon zaben. Ko ta wani hanya, amma Ronald Reagan ta nasara da aka sa ran, kuma Janairu 20, 1981 Dzhimmi Karter folded ya shugaban kasa iko da kuma a cikin minti biyar da 'yan ta'adda a Iran saki da aka yi garkuwa da suka ciyar 444 kwanaki a zaman talala.

Rayuwa bayan da fadar White House

Electoral kashi wani babban cizon yatsa ga Carter, amma ya sami ƙarfin da komawa zuwa zamantakewa aiki. Bayan kammala shugabancin aiki, Carter tsoma a cikin koyarwa, ya zama na girmamawa, farfesa a Emory Jami'ar a Atlanta, Georgia, ya rubuta littattafai da dama. Daga baya, da ya bude cibiyar sunansa, wanda ke hulda da kasa da kasa da kasa na siyasar Amirkawa.

Dzhimmi Karter, wanda biography bayan shugaban kasa baya a cikin al'ada na talakawa rai, sami kansa a cikin mãsu yin sadaka da kuma zamantakewa. An tsunduma a cikin shiri na daban-daban rikice-rikice, kare hakkin dan Adam, da adalci da kuma dimokuradiyya, hana yaduwar miyagun cututtuka. Wannan aiki a yarda Carter ya yi da ra'ayoyi game da dama duniya domin, ko da yake duk da matsalolin da su warware shi, ba shakka, ya kasa. Amma a cikin abin da ya yi - taimako ga kafa zaman lafiya a Bosnia, Rwanda, Korea, Haiti, ya kasance mai aiki abokin gaba na iska hare kan Serbia. Fiye da 39 wanzar da zaman lafiya da shugaban kasar Amurka Dzhimmi Karter a 2002 ya aka bayar da Lambar Yabo ta Duniya, wannan shi ne kawai idan akwai a cikinsa marigayin ritaya shugaba samu irin wannan gagarumin kyautar. Bugu da kari, Carter bayar da UNESCO Duniya Prize da kuma shugaban mindar na Freedom. A kasa da kasa fitarwa tsiwirwirinsu ta} o} arin magance cutar a Afirka - Guinea tsutsa. A shekara ta 2002, Carter ya zama na farko da manyan American hukuma keta kawancen na Cuba, da kuma ziyarci kasar tare da zaman lafiya manufofin. Shi ne mai memba na al'umma na zaman shugabannin "dattawan", shirya Nelson Mandela. Wannan kungiyar da aka tsunduma a cikin shiri na m kasa da kasa rikice-rikice, musamman, 'yan kungiyar zo Moscow a search na mafita ga matsalolin tsokane ta annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha. A shekara ta 2009, a kananan filin jirgin sama a garinsu na Carter samu sunansa.

Karter Dzhimmi zama zakara tsakanin Amurka shugabannin, ya yi ritaya, rayuwa Hasashen bayan da fadar White House. Shi ne kuma daya daga cikin shida na da shugabannin centenarians, suka kai da shekaru 90 da shekaru.

sirrinka

Carter - wani sosai m ne kuma abin dogara da miji, ya aure Rosalie Smith, wani aboki na matasa, a shekarar 1946, kuma har yanzu suna tare. Dzhimmi Karter, wanda shugaban kasa a photo qawata kowane jarida, bai bar matarsa a lokacin da ya koma Olympus. Ta kasance tare da shi a duk fannoni na rayuwa. Ma'auratan sun yara hudu, a yau akwai riga da dama jikoki. Bayan Carter bar fadar White House, a cikin iyali, a cikin su tabbaci, ya shiga wani sabon gudun amarci. Yau, da dukan iyalin zaune a cikin unison sararan kasa - Carter ta garinsu, inda ya binne kansu. A shekarar 2015, kafofin watsa labarai fara da sautin ƙararrawa saboda kiwon lafiya Jimmy, ya kamu da cutar sankaran hanta. Ya samu nasarar tiyata da jiyyar cutar sankara, kuma a watan Disamba 2015, da kaina ya shaidawa manema labarai cewa gaba daya warke.