Siberian Lemming: description, haifuwa, abinci mai gina jiki

Lemmings - ne kananan hakori cewa rayuwa a cikin gandun daji da kuma tundra na Arewacin Amirka da kuma Eurasia. Akwai da dama iri na wadannan dabbobi. Saboda haka, Siberian lemming kowa a Kamchatka da yawa Arctic tsibiran Arctic tundra.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu koyi game da waɗannan dabbobi: abin da suka ci, da yadda za a duba, live da kuma irin.

baza

Wannan lemming zaune a cikin tundra na Eurasia, tsakanin koguna na Arewa Dvina da Onega River ƙananan kai na da Kolyma River. Har ila yau, ya yi kawaici a tsibirin kamar White, Vaigach, Novosibirsk, Wrangel. Amma, kudancin iyakar zangon daidai da arewacin gandun daji-tundra. Ware raba alƙarya lura a swampy taiga Kolyma filayen kwari.

yanayin bambancin

Ya kamata a lura da cewa babban yankin siffofin alama karu a size dangane da shugabanci. Saboda haka, lemming a kan tundra a yamma zaune mafi girma tayi a gabashin shugabanci. A daidai wannan ruwan kasa-ocher a launi maye gurbin baki sautunan, har ya zuwa kumatunta, kwatangwalo da ƙananan jiki, ta haka ne bace duhu dorsal stripe. Winter canza launi jũya launin toka da kuma lumfashi. A dabbobi Siberian Islands shi ne kusan tsarki da fari. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura da cewa, tsibirin Forms yawa ya fi girma ɓangaren duniya.

bayyanar

Lemming - wata dabba da cewa shi ne na gajeren-kananan rodent: jikinsa tsawon - 18 cm, da kuma wutsiya - har zuwa 17 mm. Yana kai wani nauyi na 130 g, yayin da mutum maza mãtã da 10%. A general sautin na dabba - wani m-rawaya da kananan admixture na brownish da m sautunan. A cikin kunya da hanci da wutsiya m ne na bakin ciki baki tsiri. Boca kumatunta da haske m tinge. kodadde whitish ciki, lokaci-lokaci da tabawa da rawaya. A fannin da kunnuwa da idanu ne duhu yaxuwa makada.

A cikin gindi baki tabo ne halayyar dabbobi tare da game. Wrangel da New Siberian Islands. Winter Jawo dimmer da m bazara lokaci zuwa lokaci kusan fari, bakin ciki tsiri a baya na wani haske launin ruwan kasa inuwa. Babban yankin subspecies da ɗan karami nahiyar. a hankali a hankali bacewar na tsiri da kuma raguwa a size aka lura a wani easterly shugabanci. Diploid yawan chromosomes - 50 guda.

haifuwa

Siberian lemming sosai salon. Saboda haka, mace kayansa mãsu daga 3 zuwa 5 Pups 6 sau a shekara. Lokaci-lokaci, sai su yi kiwo kawai a manyan lambobin. A wannan yanayin akwai ƙarancin abinci, bayan da dabbobi yi taro sake ma su matsugunni, yayin da motsi a cikin wani madaidaiciya line, kamar fara, cin kome, kuma ba za su iya tauna a.

A feed a kan lemmings?

Su yafi ci sedges, wani lokacin rassan shrubs. Cin kuma lokaci-lokaci berries, kwari gnaw kaho, dabbobi baya jefar. Idan ka gane abin da ya ci lemmings in winter, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa wani lokaci su gnaw lichen da gansakuka a kan wani mãkirci na game da mita da rabi. Lokacin da snow ne compacted, sau da yawa zo da surface.

hanyar rayuwa

A cikin kunkuntar-skulled vole da ungulates lemmings ne ya fi kowa irin rodent tundra. Babbar yawan kai polygonal, kuma tussock tundra bayyana tare da da-ɓullo da sedge-gansakuka. Lemming aka samu, a photo na wanda aka gabatar a wannan labarin, a cikin kwari na cikin tabkuna da koguna a low dutsen da foothill sedge-shrub tundra zuwa swampy yankunan. Ratsa ta cikin swamps a cikin gandun daji zone.

The abubuwan da ake bukata ga mazauninsu na dabba shi ne samuwan fodder kuma dace wurare domin gina burrows (peat da kuma datti mounds, sphagnum gansakuka da kuma matasan kai). A polygonal tundra (a microrelief a cikin irin manyan polygons, wanda aka raba sanyi fasa) Lemming (photo dabba za a iya samu a cikin wannan labarin) suna zaune a cikin fasa daga cikin peat Layer, yayin da yin amfani da su domin azumi motsi.

A halayyar alama na zaune dabbobi ne mazauninsu a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara da babban ɓangare na shekara. A cikin hunturu suna a haɗe zuwa bangarori daban-daban tare da snow cover a cikin 0.5-1 m: gadaje na qarqashinsu, da waɗansu kõguna, tundra bushe da tabkuna da kuma marshlands. Sa a kan motsa a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara, mai siffar zobe gina sheƙarsu na daban-daban shuka Rags da kuma tono snow jam'iyya. A cikin hunturu, da Siberian lemming kawaici m.

A lokacin da narkewa snow ruwa mai zuba daga alƙarya da dabbobi, kuma suna tafiya zuwa thawed, bayan da aya a cikin bazara mazauninsu. Akwai a kan kananan elevations tono sauki burrows. Sun kuma rike daban-daban na halitta mafaka. Surface bayar da damar gudanar motsa zuwa ciyar filaye. A adult mãtã a cikin dusar ƙanƙara-free lokaci sosai bayyana territoriality. na yara da balagaggun maza yawo a cikin ƙasa quite da ka, da tsayawa a daban-daban na wucin gadi mafaka.

ƙarfi

Ya kamata a lura cewa yawan dabbobi dabam ƙwarai: wani lokacin su ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba ga hadu akai (kowane 5 years) da dabbobi scurrying ko'ina, ba su ji tsoron mutum, tare da m m. A lokacin wadannan shekaru, ƙaruwa a wannan wurare da kuma yawan Arctic lemming, yawan banki voles - a cikin dazuzzuka.

Siberian lemming a wannan lokacin ambaliya dutsen kwari da kauyuka, wani lokacin kokarin iyo a fadin bays da kõguna da m mutu. Lokacin da wani babban yawan ta mazauna hakori bai shirya da juna na iya zama m. Lokacin da wannan hijirarsa iya duba tsari ƙungiyoyi, ko kowane lemming zahiri motsi da kanka, da kuma kawai na waje cikas wani lokacin tilasta su su zo tare.