Steppe polecat: photo da description, hali, da haifuwa. Me steppe polecat aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi?

Wane ne steppe polecat? Wannan hoto funny Jawo dabba ne iya narke cikin mafi mugunyar zuciya. Game da ferrets ke da yawa camfin - suka ce, su ne m 'yan fashi henhouses. Amma kananan yara bred a bauta - kuma ba kawai a cikin Jawo gonaki domin su Jawo. Sun dauki wannan matsayi a matsayin karnuka da Cats. Mutane suna ƙara bred su a matsayin m, kuma m dabbobi. A na da Turai ferrets taka rawar da kananan Cats sa'an nan. Sun kama beraye barns, samar da ta'aziyya. Yana kira wani kiwo a gida ferret ferrets ko furo. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa wannan shi ne na musamman subspecies na daji zabiya dabba. Ba zato ba tsammani, sanannen zanen da Leonardo Vinci ta "Lady tare da wani Ermine" kyau matasa mace riko da wani ferret ne. Amma a cikin wannan labarin, za mu ba su magana sosai game da ferrets kamar yadda game da daji zumunta zaune a cikin gandun daji da kuma steppe.

Manyan iyali Mustelidae

A kimiyya rarrabuwa kira steppe polecat Mustela eversmanni. A nasa ne da iyali na mustelids. Wannan ne distantly alaka dabba ne weasels, mink, solongoi, jawabai, da kuma, a gaskiya, martens. Wannan shi ne wani karamin carnivorous dabbobi masu shayarwa nasa ne da HALITTAR na weasels da ferrets. A karo na biyu kalma a cikin kimiyya sunan dabba - eversmanni - riƙa kawo masa haraji ga Rasha dabbobi E. A. Eversmanu (1794-1860), wanda ya bayyana wannan nau'in. A mafi kusa dangi ne occupant steppe katako (Mustela putorius) da kuma baki jin dãɗi (Mustela nigripes) Hori, da kuma ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Suna iya Dede tare da juna da kuma samar da mai yiwuwa zuriyarsa. Wani mutum na da yawa hybrids an samu: misali, da polecat-mink matasan, sakamakon daga jam'iyya wani mink. Ko da yake duk wani nau'i na ferrets da daban-daban habitats, suka sauri daidaita da sabon yanayi. Saboda haka, gandun daji ferrets aka kawo New Zealand a magance da girma yawan berayen. A sakamakon haka, kananan-saba da yara suna yanzu wa'adi da 'yan asalin fauna daga cikin tsibirin.

mazauninsu ferrets

All uku jinsin su ne na kowa a Eurasia, North America da kuma arewa-maso-yammacin Afirka, inda, kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka yi ĩmãni, da aka kiwo a gida da kuma furo. A Rasha, sanaki gandun daji (dark) da makiyayar da (m) Hori. Ko da yake launi ba shine babban siffa daga cikin jinsunan. Daga cikin ferrets m lokuta da zabiya, kamar yadda za su iya zama duhu ko ermine kwat da wando. Domin kowane irin peculiar halayyar "mask" a kan fuskarsa. Steppe polecat zaune a bude a cikin yankunan kasar Sin, Mongolia, Kazakhstan da kuma Asiya ta tsakiya, a kudancin Siberia, gabashi da tsakiyar Turai. Yana zai kawar da gandun daji, duwãtsu, ƙauyuka. Fi son kwaruruka steppe, semidesert, bim. Ya Forest takwaransa, a maimakon haka, an samu a cikin gandun dazuzzukan. Black jin dãɗi ferret mazauninsu - gandun daji na Arewacin Amirka. Kiwo a gida game da dubu biyu da suka wuce a Afirka ko Yaren Kasar Larabawa Furo yana da wani maras m, kuma m yanayi a cikin daji ya ba zai iya ciyar da kansu.

Ferret steppe: da irin bayanin

Wannan - da most dabba daga dukkan jinsin dabbobi. Adult namiji jiki tsawon ne 56 santimita, da kuma nauyin - wuce kilo biyu ba. A daidai wannan lokaci da dabba ne quite ban sha'awa (18 cm) wutsiya, wanda ya cikin hadari raspushivaet. Guard hairs ne m, amma rare. Godiya ga wannan alama, a bayyane haske da m underfur. Dark "mask" a kusa da idanu ne na hali ga kowane irin Mustela, amma a cikin steppe ferret shi more fili, tun sanye da fararen kai. A shafuka da wutsiya (ko tip) duhu. Animal motsa tsalle. Steppe polecat, wani photo na wanda shine "kiran katin" ga sauran iri "Mask na Zorro" preys a kan ƙasa squirrels, hamsters, pikas da sauran hakori. Kada ku yi shakka a kai shi da kuma manyan fara ne kawai. Ruining sheƙarsu na ƙasa da tsuntsaye. A rage cin abinci ma ya hada da kwaɗi, kadangaru, akalla - da maciji. Mutane da suke zaune a cikin bankuna na koguna da tabkuna nuna m iyo basira. Sai suka zama abinci da kuma ruwa voles.

Yawan jinsunan a kan ƙasa na Rasha

A cikin steppe da gandun daji steppe na Turai na da Rasha Federation kẽwayãwa a subspecies na yammacin haske ferret. A kudancin Siberia, da Zeya-Bureya Bayyana kuma a cikin Amur yankin da aka samu sosai m biotype. The yawan wannan haske polecat shrunk zuwa gangami rabbai a cikin hamsin hamsin na karshe karni. Yafi - saboda uncontrolled samar da furs da kuma rage wuraren da na halitta mazauninsu. A daya hannun, da rage a gandun daji a yankin da Amur-Zeya yanki tsakanin fadada yankin na steppe polecat, amma a daya hannun, ci gaban da waɗannan ƙasashe domin aikin gona barazana ga rayuwa na subspecies. Tuni a cikin sittin, wannan dabba ne sosai rare Stavan farauta. A cikin 70s ya ya sadu da a kowace shekara da kuma kawai a kusa da Amur River. Saboda haka, za mu iya cewa mutane na da hakkin banki (China) ya fada cikin da Rasha Federation. Duk da cewa a yanzu da Siberian steppe polecat a cikin Red Littãfi da Rasha, da yawan jama'ar da aka steadily ragewa.

A halaye na steppe polecat

Mafi yawa dabba yana da wani Kadaitaccen salon. Wani lokaci, da karuwa a yawan jama'a a wata iyaka yanki, zai iya samar da gungu. Sa'an nan, a cikin rukuni na dabbobi fara aiwatar da gina halayya gregarious matsayi, karkashi da mamayar. Steppe polecats sau da yawa dangana ga "laifuka" hore Foxes, weasels da martens. A gaskiya, shi ne - mai amfani dabba saboda halaka, ko kuma wajen, iko da yawan hakori. Long da kuma bakin ciki jiki haske polecat taimake shi shiga ya ganima, a cikin Burrow. Wani lokaci sai ya yi amfani da su domin nasu gidajensu. Ko da yake yanayin da ya bayar da steppe polecat murdede kafafu da karfi fika, Burrow shi haƙa rare. Wani lokaci dabba buries abinci domin nan gaba amfani zuwa sau na yunwa, amma sau da yawa manta game da wadannan "stashes". Halitta makiya na steppe polecats ne tsuntsaye masu cin nama da kuma Foxes. A gaggawa dabba yana amfani da smelly kuma pungent m tsuliya gland, wanda harbe a maƙiyi.

haifuwa

A yankuna cohabitation steppe polecat kuma sau da yawa interbreed. Saboda haka, alƙarya samu da kuma baki (dark) dabbobi. Ko da yake yawan chromosomes a biyu jinsuna daban-daban: talatin da takwas da mazaunan steppes, arba'in - daga gandun daji mazaunan. Steppe polecat waje kiwo kakar kiyaye baya, amma yankinsu bai alama kuma ba ya kare. Idan biyu da guda-jima'i mutane hadu ta'adi ga juna, da bã su bayyana. Amma maza yaƙi domin mace, ruthlessly cizon da sauti da murya da ƙarfi. Ladies a kan irin kadan kasa da Cavaliers, amma su nauyi ne sauki kusan da rabi: wuce kilo biyu a kan 1,200. Mãtan haihuwar da ta fadada da kuma ba da ba daidai ba ramukan, bayar da damar gudanar da hay, gashinsa, fluff. Kadan fiye, sun tono kansu gida. Iya zaɓar tari ko rami low-kwance da m itace. Uba daukan bangare a cikin girma zuriyarsa. Idan matasa domin wani dalili mutu, da mace shi ne iya interbreed sake bayan wani bakwai - kwana ashirin. Ko da yake yawanci kiwo kakar fara a marigayi hunturu.

haifuwa

Daya da rabi watanni bayan ma'abota, da mace ya haifa tsakanin hudu da goma (da wuya goma sha biyar) tsirara, makafi da gaba daya m Pups. A idanun matasa bude kawai wata daya. Steppe polecat - wani sosai kula iyaye. The mace ba a bar yara har za su saya Jawo. The mahaifin kawo da budurwa abinci. The mace da mãma, a Pups madara ga game da watanni uku. Amma ko da a baya, yana da shekaru takwas makonni, matasa dalibi yana da don neman abinci. Lokacin da lactation lokacin da aka kammala, matasa wãtsu a search na da kansa ƙasa. Balagarsa da suka faru a karshen shekarar farko ta rayuwa. A biyu ko sau uku a shekara, da mace ciki na iya faruwa.

tsawon rayuwar

Alas, da ferret a cikin yanayi, ko da kuwa nau'in, na zaune a cikin wani talakawan na uku zuwa shekaru hudu. High mace-mace a cikin yara (wani lokacin kashe dukan zuriyar dabbobi), da yawa halitta makiya, da takaita da mazauninsu saboda deforestation da kuma rike matakan da fadamun, rage yawan jama'a. Bugu da kari, ferrets ke tasirantuwa ga annoba cututtuka. Su mutu daga annobar frugivores, ciwon hauka, skryabingileza. A zaman talala, a daidaita cin abincin nasu da kuma dole dabbobi kula, ferrets rayuwa ga takwas, akalla shekaru goma.

Turai polecat

Wannan dabba yana mai duhu Jawo fiye da wadanda na ga 'yan'uwanmu steppe. Kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, da yawan chromosomes a daban-daban related jinsunan, wanda ba ya hana su, su don ƙirƙirar hybrids tare da juna, kazalika da mink da jawabai. Azahiri polecat ma can, ko kananan, amma da bambance-bambance. Shi ne karami, kuma m. namiji jiki tsawon - har zuwa hamsin cm, wutsiya - goma sha bakwai cm, da kuma nauyi - kawai rabin kilogram. Kansa ya ragargaje ba kamar yadda nauyi kamar yadda a cikin steppe polecat, kuma bayan da falakinsu ba ƙwarai matsa. Kunnuwa da zagaye, kananan. Turai polecat kawaici yafi Turai. A Rasha, shi samu har zuwa cikin Urals. Kawaici, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, a cikin dazuzzuka da kuma ko da kananan Ashtarot. Fur launi na dabba ne duhu launin ruwan kasa, amma wutsiya, kafafu, wuyansa, kuma kirji - kusan baki. A rage cin abinci a cikin steppe da gandun daji ferrets kama - Muridae hakori, toads, frogs, qwai da matasa tsuntsaye. Za a iya ci a predator da leverets. Forest polecat ma ba ya son Burrow, fifita ara wani ta.

Black jin dãɗi ferret

Wannan shi ne - da karami jinsunan Mustela iyali. An rarraba a North America - a Canada da kuma Amurka. A jikin tsawon na dabba - dukan arba'in da biyar cm, da kuma nauyi - kadan fiye da kilogram. Black jin dãɗi ferret Jawo ne da kyau sosai: a tushe na fari, da kuma a kan tukwici na gashi hankali darkens. Wannan launi bada overall yellowish Jawo-qazanta dabbobi. Saboda baki jin dãɗi ferret Jawo yana daga cikin namun dajin. Abin farin, mutane tsaya a lokaci da wargajewa da Jawo-qazanta dabbobi. American polecat kunshe a cikin Red Littãfi daga cikin United States. Amma sai 1996 wannan nau'in rayuwa ne kawai a zaman talala. Yanzu sun fara nuna a wata halitta mazauninsu. A wannan lokaci, akwai game da mutane shida. American baki jin dãɗi ferret ci yafi marmots, shamelessly mamaye su burrows. Don tsira, da iyali dole ne Blackfeet ferrets ci hakori, mutum ɗari biyu da hamsin a shekara, don haka suka zama kusa da wani tari na game.

Ferret, ko furo

An sani cewa Mustela putorius furo aka cire daga duhu daji polecat. Suna da wannan adadin chromosomes, sun bayar da wani quite lafiya da kuma iya procreate zuriyarsa. Amma domestication sau da yawa ya dauki zabiya dabbobi. Saboda haka, domin Furo makale wani sunan - fari ferret. Ba kowa likes ja idanu da matalauta kiwon lafiya albinos. Don karfafa shi ferrets wani lokacin ketare tare da namomin daji dangi, da haka da launi na Jawo a dabbobin gida na iya bambanta: Sable, lu'u-lu'u, yellow, zinariya. Level na hankali, suna kusa da Cats. Amma ba su ne kawai da amsa zuwa ga sunan barkwanci, amma kuma iya tafiya a kan wani leash kuma yi umurni dabam-dabam kamar kare. Sun ferrets ne sosai m da kuma mobile. The dabba ta wãyi gari a haɗe wa maigidansa, da dogara da wasu mutane.

ferret Care

Shayarwa sau da yawa tabbatar da yuwuwar saye furo cewa kula da kananan dabbobi bukatar wani m saboda ferrets ne omnivorous. Wannan ba quite gaskiya. Gaskiyar ita ce, ferrets da ferret ciki har da, suke obligate dabbobi masu cin nama. Wannan yana nufin cewa su abinci iya zama dabbobi da suke m zuwa gare su a girman. A cikin daji, ferrets kada ku ci nama, da naman alade. Amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa ferret mai kamata kama gophers don ciyar da Pet. Ferrets ne receptive zuwa kaji da zomo. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci shi ne zai yiwu ba naman maraki, rago da offal. Tare da kifi bukatar yi hankali. Ferrets iya kawai zurfin, jack mackerel, haddock, mackerel, cod da kuma kifi. Owner furo (zabiya musamman) ya kamata a ba da hankali da kuma kiwon lafiya na Pet. Bugu da kari ga ciwon hauka, da distemper, akwai kuma takamaiman cuta ferrets. Wannan kwayar plasmacytosis (Aleutian cuta), da kuma insulinoma hyperestrogenism. Ferrets ma kamu da mutum mura.