Sth: sinadaran halitta, da nazarin halittu da sakamakon Pathology

Hormones - bioactive abubuwa da ake hada da secreted da endocrine gland kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini, cerebrospinal ruwa ko Lymph. Hormones nuna high bioactivity a miniscule allurai 10-3 da kuma 10-6 ko MG. Sun nuna wani gajere mataki da ake halakar da sauri.

Kadarorin ji ba gani.

Ga masu rinjaye na hormones deciphered da kwayoyin tsarin. Da yawa daga cikinsu an samu a cikin m siffar (folliculin, insulin). wasu daga cikinsu suna hada (insulin, adrenaline, cortisone). Da ayyukan da endocrine gland ne sarrafawa da juyayi tsarin. Bi da bi, da data gland shine yake shafar juyayi tsarin. Hormones shafar metabolism sunadarai, carbohydrates, nucleic acid, lipids da kuma ma'adanai.

Sth (girma hormone, girma hormone, girma hormone) da aka ware daga cikin agara pituitary tsame Evans da kuma Long a 1921. Pituitary gland shine yake - yake daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci endocrine gland. Tare da hypothalamus morphophysiological Forms guda tsarin, wanda shirya metabolism na daban-daban kwatance. A hormone ne mai gina jiki yanayi da oligomeric tsarin. A kwayoyin nauyi na 23000-46000 Da. Girmancin hormone polypeptide qunshi biyu links wanda dauke da amino acid 191 sharan.

A halayyar alama na da girma da hormone shi ne cewa shi ya nuna jinsin bayani dalla-dalla. Ya kamata a ce cewa ne kawai ilimin aiki girma hormone mannyan birai da mutane.

Lokacin da hypo-mugunya girma hormone cuta faruwa wasu tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin jiki, wato anabolic matakai da kuma ci gaban tafiyar matakai. Lokacin da ya wuce kima hormone saki (hyperfunction prostate) a wani wuri shekaru, kafin farko na mafarki da kuma har zuwa ƙarshe na tafiyar matakai na kashi samuwar, akwai aka inganta ci gaban da jikin mutum, wadda take kaiwa zuwa gigantism. Girmancin mutane akwai iya zama daga 2 zuwa 2.7 m. Fiye da kima girma hormone a adulthood take kaiwa zuwa cin gaban acromegaly. Wannan cuta na faruwa a tare da pituitary adenomas da hyperplasia. Bayyanar cututtuka da cutar ne a disproportionate girma na mutum sassan jiki, da ya wuce kima girma na wata gabar jiki, shugaban da kuma taushi nama overgrowth - hanci, lebe da harshe, Chin. An karuwa a ciki gabobin, an rubuta hypertrophy na wasu endocrine gland.

Tare da kasa kira na girma hormone (hyposecretion) a wani matasa shekaru akwai wada (wada). Girma ba fiye da 90-120 cm, babu sakandare jima'i halaye. Pituitary dwarfs ne in mun gwada gwargwado ga tsarin da jiki, dan kadan ya fi girma shugaban. Kamar yadda ba su bambanta daga al'ada shafi tunanin mutum da ci gaban mutane.

Sth rinjayar anabolic matakai: activates da biosynthesis sunadarai, nucleic acid, qara jini glucose matakan (m sakamako) ta da reticulocytosis, hondro- da osteogenesis.

A jikin mutum synthesizes yawa bioactive abubuwa, da samar mana da wani m ji (asar, sai murna, kyau yanayi, yardar). A Biochemistry, wadannan abubuwa suna kira neurotransmitters, ke da alhakin watsa daga jijiyar. An yi imani da cewa serotonin, endorphins da dopamine - yardar ji ba gani. Serotonin - a hormone kyau yanayi. Lokacin da allura a cikin jini, ta ƙãra motor aiki, da inganta yanayi. Rashi na serotonin iya sa mu bakin ciki. Endorphins an hada a cikin jiki a stressful yanayi, don rage zafi. By dauri ga opiate rabe, da suka hana zafi, haka haddasa asar, sai murna. Dopamine ne sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin hormone na da yardarSa. A mafi girma da taro na ce fili a cikin jini, da haske abin mamaki.