Surrealism a adabi da kuma zanen

Surrealism - shugabanci na bourgeois zamani art, wanda ya samo asali a cikin farkon 20-ies karni na karshe a Faransa. Style wakiltar rikicin na jari hujja jama'a da kuma sami wani asali a cikin sabanin idealist falsafa ka'idar Sigmund Freud. The tsoro na real duniya na aiwatuwa a cikin ayyukan artists da kuma marubuta na surrealism.

Surrealism a adabi da kuma zanen da ya san manufar da mutum tunaninsu da lamirinsu, ya shiga cikin allahntaka, don ƙirƙirar wani daban-daban gaskiya. Founder, kuma ideologist na kwatance dauke da Andre Breton, wanda ya yi ĩmãni da cewa surrealism - mai qwaqwalwa ne qwarai automatism, kuma da ra'ayin da aka ba shibtarsu a gare shi ta dalilin da halin kirki sharudda. Kamar yadda da kafa, Breton so gama duk Surrealists, amma m rigingimu tsakanin su da zargin sa ta hanyar banbancin ra'ayi, ba za a iya kammala cikin lumana. Duk da haka, halittawa da guda wa'adin: ba su so kawai haifar da wani sabon salon, sun so su canza rayuwa ta zamani. Bisa ga surrealists, da sume ne farkon matuƙar gaskiya a kan ƙasa.

Musamman rare surrealism a adabi da wasannin fasaha ya fara a lokacin yakin duniya. Tabi'ai da sabanin igiyoyin sun kasance a Turai da kuma Amurka. A wannan lokacin da talakawa tare da wannan salon na 'yan'uwanmu artists da kuma marubuta, suka yi hijira daga kasar Faransa zuwa wasu kasashen.

Mafi shahara surrealist painters na XX karni suna dauke su Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, Joan Miro. A movie, mun san sunayen Luisa Bunyuelya, kuma Georges Sadoul. Surrealism a adabi ya zama mashahuri godiya ga Andre Breton, Lui Aragonu, Rene kwano, Anri Misho, to Robert Desnos, Paul Eluard.

Nazari aiki halittawa da wannan salon ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba, amma idan muka yi la'akari, ka ce, wani zanen da Salvador Dali, inda duk abin da aka hankali tsara da kuma kowane kashi yana da ma'anar, yana yiwuwa ya san wa kansu wasu daga cikin tunani. Surrealist ayyuka suna mayar da hankali a kan ra'ayin da image, ba abu kanta. Unprepared karatu ko kallo ne ba iya mayalwaci sha da ra'ayin surrealist matani da kuma zane-zane. Mutanen kawai da mai kyau kwatanci, m tunani da kuma kungiyoyin za su iya nutsad da kansu a cikin duniya daga cikin surrealists na lokaci da kuma koyi wani abu sabo.

A cewar wasu rahotanni, da surrealism a wallafe-wallafen na farko ya fito don talakawa a 1918, lokacin da littafin Andre Bretona da Filippa Supo "Magnetic Fields", da aka buga. Wannan salon yana ta asalin ba a cikin wasu matani, kuma a cikin littafin, wanda ya hada da ayyukan da daban-daban nau'o'i.

Barci ne daya daga cikin kafofin wahayi da ilmi ga Surrealists. A wancan lokaci, sun rare kasida da aka gudanar da jerin barci lokaci. Su Robert Desnos - sanannen mawãƙi - aka tsananta wa jama'a abin da ya gani a mafarki.

1924 ga halittawa, wani muhimmin kwanan wata. Wannan shekara da aka bayar a "Shelar na Surrealism", inda sunayen da ake nufi da aka jera magabata, ta kowa matsayi, kuma haka a kan .. A daidai wannan lokaci ya fara bayyana mujallu kishin wannan salon. A ƙarshe, wannan salo ya samo asali a matsayin "black mutumci."

Surrealism a cikin adabi ne mafi bayyanannu a shayari, kazalika a kananan litattafan da wasan kwaikwayo. Da farko surreal wasan kwaikwayo Rozhe Vitraka "Asirin love" da aka aiwatar a cikin shekara ta 1927.

Surrealist fenta a kansa style ne mai arziki a cikin siffofin da kuma hanyoyin. Godiya zuwa ga kerawa Sauki ji na art abstractionism, cubism. Tasiri a kara aiki da yawa artists da surrealism. Artists da kuma marubuta sun sami sababbin dabaru da kuma hanyoyin da suka canza su hasashe ne, mun fara duba ga sauran siffofin m magana. Ko a Rasha 70-90-ies, misali, iya saduwa da kasida da marubuta wanda ba karkacewa daga surrealist ideas.