Table "Three siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci." Fi'ilai ne daidai da ba daidai

Turanci - da harshen ban, inda cikin nazarin sabon nau'in dokoki, dalibai suna fuskantar wani dozin amma ga wanda wannan mulki ba tambaya. Daya daga cikin wadannan dokoki - da amfani da sababbu fi'ilai a cikin aikin daya wuce. Domin da yawa, koyan Ingilishi da wannan topic - mafarki mai ban tsoro. Amma ba tare da su ba za ka iya, domin wannan shi ne gaskiya daga cikin Turanci! Duk da haka, akwai mai kyau labarai - wani zamani Turanci hankali samun kawar da sababbu fi'ilai ta maye gurbin su daidai. Me kuma yadda - mu tattauna a cikin labarin.

Me English fi'ilai - sababbu?

A wahala a cikin yin amfani da sababbu fi'ilai fuskantar ba kawai kasashen waje amma kuma kafofin watsa labarai da kansu. Duk da haka, domin philologists Birtaniya asali daga sassa na magana ne ba kuskure ba, amma a dalilin girman kai. Sun yi imani da cewa sababbu maganganu suna al'adu abin tunawa, to dorewar wani tarihi na harshen Turanci. A bayani na wannan harka - da tushen da Jamusanci sababbu fi'ilai, abin da ya sa gargajiya Birtaniya harshen Turanci zaɓi. Don kwatanta, da Amirkawa suna kokarin rabu da ba daidai ba tsari, recasting shi a dama. Saboda haka, cikin jerin wadanda ba misali fi'ilai qara ga waɗanda suke koyarwa biyu versions na harshe. Saboda haka, ba daidai ba haihuwa version, wanda aka nuna a litattafan da shayari.

Ta yaya da yawa siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci?

Da yake jawabi game da fi'ilai a cikin harshen Turanci, ya kamata a lura da cewa su ne 3 siffofin:

• tushen fi'ili, shi ne na farko nau'i na fi'ili .
• Past participle I, ko participle I, - Wannan nau'i ake amfani a cikin sauki lokaci da (da Simple) da 2nd da 3rd lokuta da matukar (matukar na 2-d da kuma na 3-d hali).
• Past participle II, ko participle II, domin sauki m siga (Present Perfect), Pluperfect lokaci (Past Perfect), da m murya (m Voice) da matukar 3rd Case (matukar na 3-d hali).

Table "Three siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci" bayar daga baya a cikin wannan labarin.

Mene ne na yau da kullum da kuma sababbu fi'ilai? ilimi Dokokin

Fi'ilan yau da kullum - ne waɗanda a cikin abin da siffan ya wuce (Past Simple) da kuma participle form II (participle II) kafa ta ƙara zuwa da farko ƙulli -ed form. Table "Three siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci. Fi'ilan yau da kullum" don taimaka fi gane wannan mulkin.

Na yi aiki (Na yi aiki)	Ina taimaka (I taimake)
Ka yi aiki (ku yi aiki)	Ka taimake (ku taimake)
Ya yi aiki (Yana yi aiki)	Ya taimaka (ya taimake)
Ta yi aiki (yana aiki)	Ta taimake (Ya taimaka)
Yana aiki (Yana yi aiki)	Ya taimaka (ya taimake)
Mun yi aiki (Mun aiki)	Kuma Muka taimake (Mun taimake)
Sun yi aiki (da suka yi aiki)	Suka kuwa taimaki (Suka kuwa taimaki)

A samuwar siffofin participle na da participle II akwai wasu siffofin:

• idan fi'ili ƙare da harafin e, shi ba za a ninka ta ƙara -ed.
• baƙi a cikin syllable fi'ilai kara -ed ƙulli ninninkuwa. Misali: daina - tsaya (tasha - tasha).
• idan fi'ili ƙare da harafin -y gabanin baƙi, da y an canza zuwa i kafin Ƙara -ed.

Kuskure ake magana a kai fi'ilai cewa kada ku bi general mulki a cikin samuwar wucin gadi siffofin. A Turanci, wannan ya hada da siffofin da sauki da siga da fi'ilai (Past Simple) da kuma tarayya II (participle II).

Sababbu fi'ilai suna kafa da taimakon:

• Ablaut, cikinsa da tushen da aka canza. MISALI: iyo - swam - swum (taso kan ruwa - iyo - iyo).

• amfani da suffixes wanin wadanda soma a cikin nahawu da harshe. Misali: do - bai - yi (aikata - yi - yi).

• m ko canzawa form. Misali: yanke - yanke - yanke (yanke - yanke - yanke).

Saboda gaskiya cewa kowane na da sababbu fi'ili form canje-canje, ya kamata su koyi da zuciya.

A total of 218 English sababbu fi'ilai, na da kimanin 195 ne a cikin aiki amfani.

Recent nazarin a cikin harshen yankin nuna cewa rare fi'ilai suna bace daga harshen da ya maye gurbin da 2nd da 3rd siffofin da fi'ilin siffofin daidai, watau Bugu da kari na karshen - ed. Wannan al'amari aka tabbatar da tebur, "Uku siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci" - tebur ne jerin fi'ilai cewa suna da biyu, dama da ba daidai ba siffar.

Table sababbu fi'ilai

Table "Three siffofin sababbu fi'ilai a cikin harshen Turanci" ya hada da aka fi amfani da fi'ili. Table 3 gabatar da siffar da kuma fassara.

Sababbu fi'ilai a cikin zamani Turanci zo daga Tsohon Turanci, magana da kusassari da Saxons - Burtaniya kabilu.

Sababbu fi'ilai an sauko daga abin da ake kira da karfi fi'ilai, kowanne daga abin da ta mallaka irin Tasrifu.

Harvard masu bincike gano cewa, yawancin aiki fi'ilai - sababbu, kuma za su zama kamar an yi amfani da mafi sau da yawa fiye da wasu.

akwai irin wannan abu a matsayin daidai fi'ili zama mahaukaci a Turanci tarihi. Alal misali, Sneak, da ciwon biyu siffofin - sneaked da snuck.

Matsaloli tare da fi'ilai ba kawai koyon Turanci, amma kuma a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, kamar yadda ko da sun fada cikin m halin da ake ciki a lokacin da ta je wannan wuya bangare na jawabin.

Daya daga cikinsu - Jennifer tsiwurwurin, wanda duk rayuwarsa an tabbatar da cewa Sneak fi'ili - dama daya.

Ta mike daya daga cikin manyan shirye-shirye a wadda ta halarci. Tare da wani kamus a hannu, sai ya nuna Jennifer a kan ta kuskure.

Sabõda haka, kada ku karai idan a yin amfani da sababbu fi'ilai, ka yi kuskure. Babban abu da cewa ba su zama na din-din-din.

fi'ilan yau da kullum

Table "Three siffofin fi'ilan yau da kullum a cikin harshen Turanci da kwafi da kuma fassarar" harhada a kan tushen da aka fi amfani da fi'ili.

translation	fi'ili	karatu	Past participle I da na II
tambaye	tambaye	ascus	tambayi
amsar	amsar	Ansei	amsa
yarda	ba da damar	elau	yarda
yarda da	yarda	yarda	amince da
ara, ara	ara	karamar hukuma	aro
dõgara	yi imani da	beliv	ya yi ĩmãni
copy, sake rubutawa	kwafin	mahakar	kofe
Cook	Cook	Cook	dafa shi
kusa da	kusa da	Close	rufe
canji	canji	CHANGE	canza
kawo, ja da ƙarfi	kawo	Carrie	za'ayi
kira, kira	kira	gungumen azaba	kira
tattauna	tattauna	diskas	tattauna
shirya, magance	yanke	Deeside	yanke shawarar
bayyana	bayyana	ekspleyn	bayyana
slide	zamewa	zamewa	slipped
kuka kira	kira	baki	yi kuka
gama, gama, gama	gama	gama	gama
sanyãwar	shigar da	edmit	shigar da
haske	haske	haske	glowed
goga	grate	Great	grated
kama	damƙarSa	damƙarSa	kama
taimaka	taimaka	HELP	taimaka
faruwa faruwa	faru	heppn	ya faru
sarrafa	rike	da makama	abar kulawa
duba	duba	albasarta	duba
rayuwa	rayuwa	Liv	zauna
saurare	saurare	sheeted	saurari
kamar	kamar	kamar	son
tafi, tafi	tafi	MSY	koma
sarrafa	sarrafa	menedzh	gudanar
zama dole, bukatar	bukatar	NID	da ake bukata
bude	bude	oupen	bude
tuna	tuna	remembe	tuna
wa'adin	wa'adin	PROMIS	yi wa'adi
wasa	wasa	da play	taka leda
tayin	bayar da shawarar da	sadzhzhest	da shawarar
karatu, koyon	binciken	matakai	karatu
daina, a daina	daina	daina	tsaya
farko	farko	kididdiga	fara
tafiya	tafiya	TRAVEL	tafiya
yi magana	magana	ma'ana	magana
fassara	fassara	tranzleyt	fassara
kokarin, kokarin	kokarin	Trai	kokarin
don amfani	amfani	skid	used
damu	damu	damu	m
to tafiya, to tafiya	tafiya	kerkẽci	tafiya
duba	duba	Watch	kallo
jira	jira	Waite	jira
aiki	aiki	wok	aiki

Misalan amfani 3 siffofin canja fi'ilai

Mun gani, 3 siffofin da fi'ilai a cikin harshen Turanci. Table da misalai na amfani da canja wurin zai taimaka wajen karfafa da topic.

Ni da daya tare da wasu da ba daidai ba fi'ilai - Akwai misalai biyu ga kowane nau'in tsari.

nau'in zane	Misali in English	translation
past Simple	Peter aiki jiya. Ta ji dadi makon da ya gabata.	Peter aiki jiya. A ta ji m makon da ya gabata.
Ba Perfect siga	James ya riga ya taimake ni. Kun taba zuwa Thailand?	James ya taimake ni. Kun taba zuwa Thailand?
Past Perfect siga	Na gane cewa, na yi amfani da na karshe tikitin. Helen lura cewa, ta manta ta takardu a gida.	Na gane cewa ba zan yi amfani da na karshe tikitin. Ta lura cewa, ta manta da gidan takardu.
m Voice	Amy aka dauka zuwa zoo karshe Lahadi. A baby an sung a Lullaby kowane dare.	Amy aka dauka zuwa zoo karshe Lahadi. Baby kowane dare mawaƙa suna ta raira Lullaby.
Tasari	Idan ina da kudi, zan saya mota. Idan ta iya taimaka mana, ta dã ba su aikata shi.	Idan ina da kudi, zan saya mota. Idan ta iya taimaka mana, shi zai yi.

darussan

Domin mafi haddar na sababbu fi'ilai ne dole ba kawai don ya koya musu da zuciya, kuma maimaita, amma kuma ya yi daban-daban bada.

Darasi 1. nan ne wani tebur, "Uku siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci. Sababbu fi'ilai". Shigar da daya daga cikin uku samarwar siffofin.

zama		kasance	zama
da	yana		nasu
yi		aikata	yi
	samu	samu	sami
sa	sanya		haifar da, ƙirƙiri
	san	a san	sani
sami	samu		sami
	sanar da	sanar da	koyi
fahimta	gane		fahimta

Darasi 2. Ga wani tebur, "Uku siffofin da fi'ili a cikin harshen Turanci. Fi'ilan yau da kullum". Saka siffofin participle I da na II.

tambaye	tambaye	tambaye shi, ya ce
ara	kai
kusa da	kusa da
yanke	shirya
bayyana	bayyana
taimaka	taimaka
farko	farko
tafiya	tafiya
amfani	don amfani
aiki	aiki

Motsa jiki 3. Amfani da tebur, sa da wadannan jumloli cikin Turanci.

1. Na karanta wani littafi.
2. Mun gan su a jiya.
3. Maƙera zaune a Landan, har 2000. su koma Manchester sa'an nan.
4. Alice ya jami'a dalibi a 2014.
5. Sun yi aiki a cikin wannan kamfanin shekaru biyu da suka wuce.
6. Ya kawai gama horo.
7. Lokacin da muka kasance kids, mahaifiyata sau da yawa ya dauki da mu ga wannan wurin shakatawa.
8. Na koro wani abun wasa kamar yaro.

Answers to Darussan

Darasi 1.

ya / sun

yana

yi

samun

sanya

sani

koyar da

gane

Darasi 2.

ya ce, aro, rufe, ya yanke shawarar, ya bayyana, ya taimaka, fara, tafiya, amfani, aiki.

Motsa jiki 3.

1. Na karanta wani littafi.
2. Mun gan su a jiya.
3. Maƙera zaune a Landan, har 2000. Sa'an nan suka koma zuwa Manchester.
4. Alice wani dalibi na Univercity a 2014.
5. Sun yi aiki a cikin wannan kamfanin shekaru biyu da suka wuce.
6. Ya kawai gama horo.
7. Lokacin da muka kasance yara muka aka dauki yawo to wannan wurin shakatawa.
8. Na koro wani abun wasa mota a yara.

Samun a cikin al'ada na lokaci-lokaci maimaita asali siffofin English fi'ilai. Table of sababbu fi'ilai, darussan da kuma lokaci-lokaci maimaitawa zai taimaka wajen sauri magance matsaloli na harshen Turanci.