Tagil Tire: tarihi, description da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A wannan zamani na m ci gaba da kuma high gudu, ci gaban lantarki da kuma high-gudun yanar-gizo, mai girma yawan jama'a da ake bukata hutu daga Hustle da kuma rayuwar yau da kullum. A marmarin kai-kafiya a matsayin al'umma aika tunani don nazarin al'adu da ayyuka na kakanninmu. A marmarin ganin a yin wani abu kiwata shahararsa na aikin hannu kayayyakin. Komawa ga kayan yau da kullum, za mu juya ga handicrafts. Daya daga cikin ban mamaki shafukan na zamanin d Rasha hadisai ne Tagil tire.

tarihi kafofin

Fiye da shekara ɗari uku na tarihi yana wannan jama'a art. Shi da ke mayar da kauyen da kuma kauye a Urals. Lokacin na farko da baƙin ƙarfe tire, ado da zane-zane, ba zai yiwu ba a ce. Wani wuri a cikin hazo, na lokaci ana rasa sunayen artists, ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa wannan art, kama kifi, ya zama shahararren ga Great Rasha.

Official tarihi Tagil Tire fara da karfe Mills na Demidov iyali. A tsakiyar XVIII karni, wadannan industrialists sun fara jefa karfe a Nizhny Tagil (1725), da kuma Nevyansk Vyisky (1722). By da 70th shekara na wannan karni, bisa ga tarihi, da sana'ar kamun kifaye yana faɗaɗa da suranta wani raba sana'a maƙeri, varnish okovschik.

All XVIII karni da ci gaban cinikayya - a karni Hudoyarovyh painters. Icon painters a ƙarni da dama, Vavila 'yan'uwa da kuma Fedor sha wahala da key dabaru na zanen, varnishing da kuma ado gumaka a cikin kayan ado na iyali abubuwa, farantansa, ƙirãza, kayayyakinsa. Wannan shi ne abin da Masters Tagil Tire zamar masa dole zanen dabara "tsyr" - zinariya tushe da kariminci cika da launin bango. Bayan solidification na bakin ciki zinariya kayan aiki don cire a saman Layer, samar da gwaggwabar riba sabon abu alamu. Artists da sabuwar dabara ne dangana ga "crystal varnish" dada m da zafi-resistant. Fentin a kan umarni na Demidov farantansa, da kayayyakinsa abubuwa da aka aiko zuwa ga manyan gidãje daga cikin biyu Rasha manya.

A heyday na kama kifi

A karshen XVIII - farkon na XIX karni - heyday lokaci na kama kifi. Shi ne ake kira da karni na Demidov School, wadda magana daga baya. Demidov aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani mutum iyali craft a wani kwararren, masana'antu hanya. Kuraye fentin kayan ado kwalaye, sugar kwano, farantansa, kwalaye da sauran iyali abubuwa sanya a cikin "dutse birni", kamar yadda suka kira Nizhnetagilskye, ya tafi Irbit da Macarius adalci, kuma daga can zuwa Nizhny Novgorod, Central Asia da Turai. A da zinariya shekaru na ci gaba da sana'ar kamun kifaye.

Ƙi amincewa da Revival

Daga tsakiyar XIX karni, tare da zuwan masana'antu, fara karkatar handicrafts kuma kusan dukkan handicrafts. A accelerating taki na rayuwa da aka tilasta daina lafiya aikin hannu, ya maye gurbin shi da Saukake, musamman stylized siffofin. Hannun Forging bada hanya zuwa masana'antu, dadi na asali daki-daki, ya sauya stencil.

By da 20-th shekaru na XX karni kama kifi rayuwa kiyaye a cikin 'yan hadin Masters kamar "Ma'aikata" da "Red Dawn." M aikin hannu trays sun unclaimed a Soviet Rasha, saboda haka suna aika zuwa yankin gabas ta tsakiya da kuma kasar Sin.

Kawai tsibirin Tagil podnosnogo kama kifi ya rage wani taron a Nizhny Tagil factory enamelware.

Tun cikin 90s na karshe karni, zamanin na sake fasalin takardun kudin kuma ci gaban kananan kasuwanci, da suka fara wani jinkirin da kwari Yunƙurin manta da sana'o'i. Revival Ya halitta na musamman da hannun fentin hadin kuma hadin artists.

Makaranta painters Demidovs

Game makaranta Demidovs bukatar gaya baya, domin shi ne ta wanda ya ba mu wani daular daga Masters kamar Dubasnikovy, Chausova, Kaygorodova da Perezolovy.

Demidov yan kasuwa sun sane da cewa babban abu a cikin sana'ar kamun kifaye - wannan fim. Wannan shi ne dalili na ilimi da kuma masu sana'a horo, da suka kafa makaranta a 1806, wanda aka kira su zuwa ga koyar da kayan yau da kullum na zanen wani digiri na biyu na mallaka Academy of Arts VI Albycheva.

A makaranta na tsawon shekaru hudu karatu kawai boys, lokacin da na fara a shekaru 12. Amma da samar ne har yanzu a kasawa na samu sandarsa. Sai suka fara kai makaranta 'yan mata da kuma mata. Sha'awa, da Demidov matsayin tutu son ya koyi ga "rubuta yawa," a hada da gabatarwa da mata a cikin nau'i na bayar da handkerchiefs. A hankali da samar da fentin trays shiga cikin mace ta hannuwa, kamar yadda shi ne yanayin yau.

A makaranta ya yi wani gagarumin tasiri a kan ci gaban da kama kifi a matsayin wani reshe na art. Tagilskaya fentin trays hankali yakan mallaki kansa hadisai.

Ba da da ewa a kan samfurin zai fara zuwa "fure" kwarai Tagilskaya tashi - m flower domin shekaru masu yawa ya zama personification na kamun kifi.

Tagil Tire - hoto-farantansa, da ma'ana wasa da cikakken bayani kuma m zanen, m da mythological da kuma tarihi storylines.

A hankali da ake ci gaba a kan wani Multi-faceted art form riveted. Figure takardar baƙin ƙarfe, alamu, webs kuma mafi kyau abubuwa, halitta ta hannun maƙera, zama tushen ma'adanin na zanen. Kamar wancan ne aka halicci Tagil tire.

Ci gaba da kuma musamman Tagil zanen - dabara na biyu brushstroke. A lokaci guda kafa da kuma babban trends a cikin storylines.

varnish m

Hudoyarovyh daular lacquer m qarya a cikin rabbai narkar da a turpentine copal, hemp man fetur da kuma turpentine Pine itatuwa. Ba kamar sanyi gabas lacquering, azumi Hanyar amfani da zafi (a zazzabi na 300 digiri) shafi. A abun da ke ciki na kara da gubar oxide da manganese - lacquer ya zama m Paint da na shakatawa. Asiri ya taba fashe.

Mene ne Tagil Tire?

Trays sanya da kuma ci gaba da yin a nazarinsa. Canza fasahar, amma ko da a yau da manual m aiki - tushen kama kifi.

stamping Hanyar da aka yi siffar tire da kuma rufe da ƙasa sau biyu, sa'an nan baki enamel. Bayan bushewa da preform wuce a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin artist, sa'an nan ornamentarista. Bayan zanen da samfurin varnished.

zamani kama kifi

Ƙirƙiri ayyukan art a tsakiyar Nizhny Tagil jama'a arts da sana'o'i. Alamun kasuwanci ne da bin doka da kariyar patents. Tagil Tire ko da yaushe janyo hankalin kasashen waje artists da kuma haraji. Mayu sha kashi a nune-nunen da auctions a Rasha da kuma nisa fiye da kan iyakoki. Museum of Nizhny Tagil da Yekaterinburg suna alfahari da wani arziki tarin Tagil farantansa, wanda aka nuna a Amurka, Faransa, Poland da kuma sauran ƙasashe.

Mene ne Tagil tire, yau da aka sani zuwa yanzu fiye da kan iyakoki na kasar mu. Works of shugabanninmu da Hudoyarovyh Dubasnikovyh - lu'u-lu'u exposures Rasha gidajen tarihi da kuma masu zaman kansu tarin. Tagilskoye kayayyakin da aka gabatar a matsayin kyauta ga sarakuna, da wadanada. Rarrabe Tagil "lakernaya" zanen - na musamman da misali na gargajiya, wanda ya sauko da mu kwana, da kuma ci gaba da mamaki da kuma ni'ima masoya na asali kerawa.