The ayyukan Ostrowski: jerin mafi kyau. A farko yanki na Ostrovsky

"Columbus Zamoskvorechye", marubucin kwaikwaiyo, wanda ya juya Rasha wasan kwaikwayo a "real" adabi - shi A. N. Ostrovsky, waɗanda ayyukansu daga tsakiyar XIX karni zama babban a cikin sharhin na Maly wasan kwaikwayo a Moscow. All sun rubuta, aka ba yi domin karatu, kuma ga mataki. A sakamakon shekaru 40 da m aiki ya zama na ainihi (50), halitta a co-marubucin, sarrafa da kuma fassara plays.

Sources na "wahayi"

All ayyukan Ostrowski su ne bisa ci gaba da sa ido na hanyar rayuwa na daban-daban na zamantakewa azuzuwan, mafi yawa yan kasuwa da gentry.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo wuce yanzu bauta - tsohuwar gundumar na Moscow, wanda aka yafi sanaki sana'a. Saboda haka da Ostrovsky aka labartawa tare da hanyar rayuwa da kuma siffofin da intrafamily da kuma zamantakewa tsakaninsu. By tsakiyar XIX karni, shi ya bayyana more kuma mafi ake kira "speculators" - za su shiga cikin wani sabon m.

Very da amfani shi ne aikin da Office of shu'urin Moscow kotu inda Alexander shiga a 1843. 8 shekaru na lura da yawa lawsuits da kuma husuma, da jayayya da 'yan kasuwa da kuma zumunta yarda ka tara da muhimmanci bayani a kan abin da za a rubuta cikin mafi kyau ayyukan Ostrovsky.

A cikin aikin na marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, ya yanke shawarar ware 4 asali lokaci. Kowane aka alama ta musamman tsarin kula da hoton na gaskiya da kuma bayyanar mai haske guda.

1847-1851 shekaru. A farko-gwajen

Makala da aka rubuta a cikin ruhu na "halitta makaranta", kuma a bisa sunnar dage farawa saukar da litattafan Gogol, ya kawo wani novice marubuci suna "Columbus Zamoskvorechye". Amma kyawawan zarar sun aka maye gurbinsu da play, wanda gaba daya vytesnli almara nau'o'i.

A farko yanki na Ostrovsky - "Family Hoto", da farko karanta by marubucin a wata ƙungiya a S. Shevyreva. Amma daraja ya zo da "Bankrut", daga baya sake masa suna "Ya mutane - an ƙidaya!" The dauki ga yanki ya instantaneous. Idon shi aka nan da nan dakatar (rubuta a 1849, ya zo a fage ne kawai a 1861), da kuma V. Odoyevski sa a kan wani par tare da "ignoramus", "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" da "Sufeto". Domin shekaru da dama, da samfurin ya samu nasarar karanta a da'ira, kuma wallafe-wallafen marece, samar da matasa marubucin ne fāɗin duniya gane.

1852-1855 shekaru. "Moskvityaninsky" lokaci

Wannan shi ne lokacin da Ostrovsky shiga cikin "matasa Editorial ma'aikatan" magazine, wa'azi da ra'ayin 'ƙasa, kuma da wani amfani ga m. Wakilai na zaman jama'a aji, ba a hade tare da serfdom kuma ba saki daga mutane, zai iya zama, bisa ga Grigoryev, wani sabon karfi cewa zai iya shafar ci gaban Rasha. A wannan lokaci na 3 aiki Ostrowski, daya daga wanda - "Talauci ba komawa".

A mãkirci na image na iyali dangantaka m Tortsov. Overbearing da kuma masu girman kai uba, girman kai, yayi niyyar aure 'yarsa, cikin soyayya da wani matalauci hidimar da wayo da kuma arziki Korshunova. Shi ne m na sabon ƙarni, wanda ba ya rasa. Shawo-tanƙwasawa wa kasa fi so - yiwuwa ga buguwa, ba tara da wani arziki, amma a duk wadannan dokokin halayen kirki. A sakamakon haka, da yanayin da ake warware nasarar for Luba, da kuma marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo ikirarin lashe Rasha jama'a al'ada da kuma hadisai na Turai.

1856-1860 shekaru. Rapprochement tare da "Littafi"

Ayyukan wannan lokaci: "A riba Post", "A wani bakon idi buguwan giya" da kuma, ba shakka, "The Storm" - su ne sakamakon sake tunani da muhimmancin da patriarchal m aji a kasar. An daina janyo hankalin da mawallafin wasannin kwaikwayo, da kuma mafi kuma mafi siffofin zãlunci da ƙẽtare cike take kokarin tsayayya da sabon da mulkin demokra] (da sakamakon da commoners na "Littafi"). Wannan ne mafi fili "duhu mulkin" an nuna a cikin wani aure bala'i marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, "The Storm". A nan, akwai matasa waɗanda ba su son sa sama da domostroevskimi dokokin.

Binciken da ayyukan halitta a cikin shekaru 40-50, A. Grigoriev kira Ostrovskogo A. N. gaskiya "mutane ta mawãƙi", wadda ke nanata da ƙẽtare haddi na zane-zane da aka nuna.

1861-1886 shekaru. balagagge aiki

A cikin shekaru 25 da na post-gyare-gyare marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, rubuta m ayyukansu, bambancin a Genre da kuma theme. Su za a iya harhada cikin da dama kungiyoyin.

1. Comedy game da rayuwa na 'yan kasuwa: "Gaskiya ne da kyau, amma da farin ciki shi ne mafi alhẽri", "kowace rana ba Lahadi."
2. Satire: "Wolves da Tumaki", "Easy Kudi," "The Forest", da sauransu.
3. "Pictures of rayuwa a Moscow" da "farashin na outback" na "kadan" mutane "Tã Hari", "tsohon aboki ne mafi alhẽri daga biyu sababbi," da dai sauransu
4. Tarihi a kan wani tarihi taken: "Kozma Minin Zaharich-Sukhoruk" da sauransu.
5. M wasan kwaikwayo "The Last aka azabtar", "Bride".

Baya ne play-tale "Snow Maiden".

Ayyukan da karshe shekarun da suka gabata zama mai ban tausayi da kuma falsafa da kuma m halaye da kuma daban-daban m kamala da kuma idon basira tsarin kula da image.

Mahaliccin na kasa gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Ƙarni suka shige, amma ayyukan Ostrovskogo Aleksandra Nikolaevicha har yanzu tattara sanarwa a kan manyan matakai na kasa, bayar da shawara da magana Ivan Goncharov: "... bayan ka ... za mu iya ce tare da girman kai: muna da namu Rasha kasa gidan wasan kwaikwayo." "Poor Bride" da "zauna a naka seleji", "Aure Bal'zaminova" da kuma "The zuciya ba wani dutse," "Ba dinari, kuma ba zato ba tsammani Altyn" da "Isa wawanci a Kowane hikima Man" ... The jerin tare da sani kowane theatergoers Ostrowski taka sunayen iya ci gaba na dogon lokaci. Godiya da kwarewar da mawallafin wasannin kwaikwayo, a kan mataki ya zo da rai musamman duniya cike da matsaloli da za su ko da yaushe damu game da bil'adama.