Baltic LNG: zane da kuma yi

Kusa da St. Petersburg, kusa da tashar jirgin ruwa na Ust-Luga, shi shirin gina wata shuka domin samar da liquefied gas. Manyan-sikelin aikin da aka kiyasta a 1 trillion rubles na zuba jari.

Abubuwan da ake bukata don gina

Duk da cewa bututun gas a farashi m fiye liquefied gano a barga zuwa gaba Trend in mabukaci request. A wannan batun, jagorancin "Gazprom" kamfanin ya yi shawara game da gina wuraren tsara don tabbatar da riba kwangila da kuma saturate da kasuwar bukata samfurin. The shirya shuka, Baltic LNG, za a located a Birnin Leningrad, yankin, wato a cikin yanki kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa na Ust-Luga.

Bugu da kari ga macroeconomic Outlook, da shiri na Baltic LNG warware wasu matsaloli a cikin Birnin Leningrad yankin, za a gina da dama rassan gas bututun da kuma aiki da wurin. Bugu da kari, shi ya shirya ya fara samar da iskar gas zuwa Kaliningrad yankin, gina wannan bukata.

a raga

A fifiko manufofin da aikin "Baltic LNG" kira liquefied gas kayayyaki zuwa Turai, kazalika da India da kuma Latin Amurka. An ƙarin manufar yi kamfanonin ne ga kara kananan-tonnage kwarara daga kayayyaki a cikin Baltic Sea, kazalika da jawo kasuwar sabis tasoshin da man fetur (bunkering).

aikin

A zane iya aiki ne ya sa a matakin goma ton miliyan na liquefied gas a kowace shekara, tare da view domin kara samar da har zuwa goma sha biyar da miliyan tan a kowace shekara. A karshe yanke shawara a kan kamfanin tab, ya sanar da shugabannin "Gazprom" a watan Afrilu 2015. Construction na Baltic LNG da aka shirya don kammala a shekarar 2020. A karo na hudu kwata, bisa ga shirin, rukunin farko na kayayyakin da za a sufuri. A cewar 'yan wallafe a kafofin watsa labarai, da kammala aikin gina da aka canjawa wuri zuwa 2021-2022 da shekaru, amma babu hukuma comments a kan al'amarin akwai.

The aikin qunshi sassa uku:

• Baltic LNG.
• Bututun.
• Port m don iya kwantena da gas motocin dakon.

Gina farko kudin da aka kiyasta a 460 biliyan rubles, da farashin karuwa ya faru ne kawai a cikin rubles, saboda duk dole kayan aiki za a saya a kasashen waje. A dollar sharuddan, kudin na aikin zauna canzawa.

Construction zai gudanar da wani na biyu na "Gazprom" kamfanin "Gazprom LNG St. Petersburg." Partners a aiwatar da tsare-tsaren da ake magana a kai da kamfani «Gazprom», Shell, sulhu da Mitsui, Mitsubishi. Game da shida da mutane dubu za su gina wani Baltic LNG. Janar Designer zuba jari gaskata - Design Cibiyar JSC "Giprospetsgaz". A kan gina bututun unsa game da dubu biyu da kwararru.

mahalarta

'Yan zuba jari da za a janyo hankalin zuwa aikin Baltic LNG. "Gazprom" da aka tsare tare da daya daga cikin manyan mahalarta a cikin shiri na gaba shuka. A karkashin St. Petersburg International dandalin tattalin arzikin, da aka gudanar a watan Yuni 2016, da Corporation sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar da kamfanin Royal Dutch Shell, wanda ya tabbatar da jam'iyyun 'nufi.

Ko da yake Jamus kamfanin bayyana sha'awar rayayye shiga a cikin yi, duk da haka, wata yarjejeniya a kan wannan ya ba da aka sanya hannu, iyakance kawai ta tabbatar sha'awa. Mai masana gama mistrust na Jamus damuwa tare da Turai takunkumi a kan Rasha. A lokacin, tattaunawar ne game da girman da tãrayya ne a cikin aikin kamfanin Shell.

A tallafi na aikin muna magana ne game da yiwuwar samun wani janar m rabo a 49% na hannun jari. Tattaunawar ana ci gaba, amma da ta kunshi jami'an horaswa tattaunawa tabbatar da bayanai da cewa Shell zai iya samun kusan rabin na shuka. Dalilin wannan shawarar ne gaskiya cewa Jamus kamfanin ya shirya don samar da gas liquefaction fasaha.

an bayyana cewa, "Baltic LNG" tsarin mahalarta a cikin shiri na aikin iya canza a watan Yuli 2016. Yi nufin ya bayyana Japan kamfanonin da suke da kwarewa a Rasha kasuwar a aiwatar da "Sakhalin-2" aikin.

A zabi na da zanen

A fifiko jerin "Gazprom" da kuma shiga cikin ayyuka Baltic LNG. Zayyana hadaddun ne a general dan kwangila selection mataki. Masana sun kira wasu kamfanoni masu yawa tare da wanda "Gazprom" ya riga ya hada kai a kan aiwatar da warware sauran matsalolin. A cikin wannan jerin daraja na "VNIPIgazdobycha" - a baya, da janar zanen na kama Enterprises a Primorye (da aikin da aka ba a aiwatar).

Har ila yau, shi ake kira Research Institute of OJSC "Gazprom Promgaz", daya daga cikin tsofaffin kamfanoni a cikin masana'antu. Amma mafi kyau damar samun domin ya zauna a cikin OAO "Giprospetsgaz" (St. Petersburg). Daya daga cikin tsarin ƙungiyoyin kamfanin hulda da LNG, kuma yana da kwarewa a aiwatar da ayyuka, ayyukan kamar "Baltic LNG" (shuka). A wasu bangare na aikin da kamfanin ya riga ya aiwatar - gudanar zuba jari ma'ana.

karin aikace-aikace

Future na Baltic LNG za a located a ma'aikatar tsaron ƙasashen da suke da 'yan ɗari mita daga unguwar masana'antu na tashar jiragen ruwa na Ust-Luga. An muhimmanci na aiwatar da dukan tsararru na gina bututun iskar gas. Yana zai budewa daga birnin Volkhov a Birnin Leningrad, yankin. Kudade ne kasaftawa a raba labarin cewa yayi magana akan zaman kanta masana'antu da kasuwanci naúrar. A bututun zai samar da albarkatun kasa kai tsaye zuwa da shuka da sauran masu amfani. Kudin yi za a gudanar daga masu amfani da gasification shirin.

Da ikon wuriyar 34 an kimanta a matakin biliyan ³ cubic mita / shekara LNG farko nuna bukatar 16.8 BN m ^3. Sauran gas amfani da su ne har yanzu a cikin shiryawa mataki. Akwai aikin gina biyu shuke-shuke domin samar da methanol. Da na uku na babban-sikelin LNG aikin ne marine m.

dogon tarihi

A farko ayyukan domin gina LNG an dauke "Gazprom" Corporation a 2004. Da farko aka yi nufi ga gina wata shuka a Primorsk, Its zane iya aiki ne miliyan 7 m ³ / shekara, mun shirya su isar da kayayyakin a Amurka da kuma Canada. A shekara ta 2007, da ra'ayin da aka watsar a cikin ni'imar da dogon lokacin LNG a Shtokman, wanda aka ma gwangwani, yankan shawara jefa dukan sojojin a gina bututun "Nord Stream".

A ra'ayin LNG postroist a Birnin Leningrad, yankin da baya a 2013. Zabi sa tsakanin shafukan a cikin yankunan Vyborg, Primorsk da Ust-Luga tashar jiragen ruwa. A karshe yanke shawara a cikin ni'imar da tashar jiragen ruwa da aka dauka a farkon Janairu 2015. Filaye ne da dama abũbuwan amfãni daga m waterway nassi na jiragen ruwa, kankara da yanayi na tsaro. Muhimmanci rawa da Leningrad yankin gwamnati shirin gina wani babban masana'antu zone, abin da ya kamata hada game da shida matatun mai da kuma sinadaran gidaje, wanda na bukatar gas samar da har zuwa bakwai biliyan cubic mita.

ana tsammanin tasiri

Kamar yadda makamashi kasuwar masana, da shiri na Baltic LNG zai samar da wata damar isar da Rasha iskar gas a cikin wadanda kasashen Turai inda bututun ba ya isa. A musamman, shi ya furta Spain, inda makamashi-m masana'antu da cewa cinye kawai liquefied man fetur shigo cikin babban kundin. Babu kasa alamar kasuwar na Portugal, Faransa Coast, da kuma kudancin yankunan Italiya. Most mabukaci na liquefied halitta hanya ne United Kingdom, ko da yake da gas ta hanyar bututun da za a tsĩrar a isa girma.

Amma masana suna da shakku game da bukatar kasashen waje masu amfani daga Rasha liquefied iskar gas. Wannan kasuwar ne sosai m aiki madugun 'yan wasa sake samu wani bangare da za a iya rage kudin da kayayyaki. Kamar yadda ya zuwa yanzu kamar yadda zai yiwu - dai ba za mu iya ce. A tabbatacce rawar da yi na Baltic LNG zai taka domin na gida yankin, wanda hadarin ana bar ba tare da gas bayan a saki guda makamashi zobe na Baltic kasashen. Gina bututun iskar gas ne ba kawai da gusar da matsala amma kuma yana ba impetus ga ci gaban tattalin arziki a Birnin Leningrad, yankin.