Tsuntsaye tawagar. Passerine tsuntsu kungiyar. Tsuntsaye masu cin nama: photo

tsuntsaye tawagar da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi tsoho. Its bayyanar da aka dangana ga farkon Jurassic lokaci. Akwai ra'ayoyin cewa magabatan tsuntsaye sun dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsarin wanda dabam tare da shakka juyin halitta.

A yanayin jiki na tsuntsaye

A wakilan wannan aji akwai akai da kuma sosai high yanayin jiki, shi ba a shafi canje-canje a yanayin yanayi. Animals da kwatancinsa kira homoiothermal. A dabbobi masu shayarwa, yana da yawa m. Average zazzabi nuni a da dama daga cikin tsuntsaye ne 42 ° C. Wakilai vorobinyh detachment da mafi girman jiki zazzabi - 45,5 ° C. Irin wannan tsanani Figures taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin daban-daban matakai da kuma metabolism a jikin tsuntsu.

Daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan ne haƙuri da yanayin jiki, yana da muhimmanci ga kwakwalwa aiki a lokacin sanyi kakar. Duk da low zafin jiki, misali, a cikin hunturu, godiya ga sabon abu, Dukan tsuntsaye shiryar da wani aiki salon.

Kamance da kuma bambance-bambance da dabbobi masu shayarwa

Akwai da dama da ãyõyi, tsuntsaye kama da dabbobi masu shayarwa:

• bakin ciki fata da kuma kananan adadin na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin shi;
• jaraba samuwar a jiki suna da raya.
• da cloaca, da sauransu.

Duk da haka, da mutum ingancin su da muhimmanci alama:

• m zafin jiki na 40-42 ° C ba rage ta wasu matakai.
• Hanyar haifuwa, wato gina gida, incubating qwai da kuma ciyar da zũriyarsu.
• A tsakiya m tsarin ne mafi ci gaba, wannan ya bayyana kasancewar Na'urar.

Halaye na jinsi. plumage

Detachment tsuntsaye - ne dabbobi vertabrate su jiki ne yawanci rufe da gashinsa, da fuka-fuki ne forelegs. Kafafu suna da raya, jiki yana da wani streamlined siffar. Thin fata sa alkalama ya zama mobile. Akwai iri biyu na su - saukar da kwane-kwane.

A kwane-kwane yana da wani m alkalami ganga, a kan wanda farantin suna located, suna rufe, short barbs, hooks bonded zuwa juna. Ba dukan surface na fata da aka rufe da gashinsa kamar. Inda suka yi ba, akwai yawanci saukar da saukar gashinsa, suna da taushi irin zane, da kuma ba su da ganga. Kwane-kwane gashinsa ake don haka mai suna saboda wurinta, kamar yadda suke da mafi yawa located tare da kwane-kwane da dukan jiki na tsuntsu, da fuka-fuki kuma a baya. Su na taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jirgin. Wani muhimmin aiki na gashinsa - shi ne jiki ta tsaro da lalacewar da zafi hasãra.

Detachment ne ma mai saukin kamuwa da tsuntsaye moult, saboda gashinsa sun tsufa dukiya. Akwai wasu nau'in a wadda dukan cover aka canza lokaci guda. A wannan lokaci su iya tashi da su a halin yanzu daga isar da yara. Wannan irin Molina bikin mafi yawa a cikin wadanda tsuntsaye da suke iya samar da kansu tare da abinci, ba tashin gwauron zabi a cikin sama. A sauran mutane, wannan tsari faruwa a hankali. Har ila yau zubar iya fara saboda canza yanayi.

Launi alkalami cover ne ma bambanta. Ya dogara da tsuntsaye mazauninsu, kakar, jima'i da kuma yanayin damina.

A tsari na haifuwa

Detachment tsuntsaye tana nufin iri guda ba dabbobi. Yawanci, haifuwa fara a lõkacin da tsuntsaye dawo daga wintering da farko na m yanayin yanayi. Da sauƙi, ga cikakken hanya na ya bukatar mutane na daban-daban mata da maza. Kuma da yawa daga dukan nau'i na tsuntsaye ta fara da aure na namiji dance, wanda ya yi ƙoƙari ya jawo hankalin mace da hankali. Sau da yawa sosai wannan yana tare da m hali da kuma ban sha'awa sautuna. Bayan wani Lady na'am da courtship, biyu kafa. Mutane da yawa tsuntsaye da na gaba kakar neman wani sabon abokin tarayya, duk da haka, wasu sun kammala da su alliance na rayuwa.

Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai jinsunan tsuntsaye, a cikin abin da biyu suna aiki tare a kan gina gida da kuma ciyar da kajin. Kuma akwai maza waɗanda suka yi kawai takin mace, kuma duk da damuwa da aka gudanar ba tare da su sa hannu.

Bayan samuwar wani biyu fara gida ginin. Bugu da ari, akwai wani kama da qwai, suka kyankyasar kwan yawanci mãtã, a lokacin da exchangeable namiji. Kiwon da kuma ciyar da zuriyarsa kuma yi tare. Yana yana har irin wannan lokaci kamar yadda kajin ba zai iya da kansa sami nasu abincin.

Species ko kungiyoyin na tsuntsaye

An yi imani da cewa mataki na farko na rabuwa, ko superorder ne penguins da dukkan tsuntsaye da aka sani zuwa kimiyya (neognathae). Dalilin da ya sa penguins dangana ga wata ƙungiya musamman - wani gagarumin bambanci a cikin tsari da kuma asalin da duk sauran tsuntsaye. Daga cikin masana kimiyya akwai da yawa muhawara a kan batun domin duk wani tawagar ko aji sun hada da wasu tsuntsaye, ko don ƙirƙirar domin su raba iyali.

All kungiyoyin na tsuntsaye iya har yanzu a iya raba gida da daji, migratory da migratory, waterfowl, Raptors, gandun daji, da suke zaune a bude sarari da kuma al'adu shimfidar.

gallinaceous

chick tawagar tsuntsu zai iya rayuwa a cikin dazuzzuka, filayen da kuma dauke a cikin farmsteads. Wadannan sun hada da kaji, takaddamarsu, capercaillie, black takaddamarsu, fari da kuma m Partridge da sauransu. Duk
Wakilai na wannan kungiyar kasance ga hunturu a cikin saba wurare, fãce da quail ne. A cikin tsuntsaye, wannan irin zurriyar kula kawai mace. A mahimmin juzu'in Galliformes ne dabbobi.

owls tawagar

Detachment ne tsuntsu na ganima owls. Mafi yawansu ba su ne nocturnal. Don wannan nau'in hada da sito mujiya, da mujiya fari, da mujiya, mai launin toka mujiya, mujiya fadama da dai sauransu Babbar amfani da su -. Excellent ji. Wannan yana taimaka wa kama da dabbobi a cikin duhu. Domin kiwo owls matsayi akai biyu. Incubates qwai da mace, amma ciyar da zuriya - an riga an kula da iyaye biyu. Daga cikin rãna dayansu ya kamata ka lura sparrow mujiya, fari da kuma hawkish mujiya. Hayaki Mujiya samar kyau kwarai abinci dare da rana.

Tun owls tsuntsaye masu cin nama hotuna a kan mafi yawansu, kazalika da images of sauran tsuntsaye masu cin nama, haddasa tremors da kuma wasu tsoro.

passerine

passerine tsuntsu detachment da aka sani ga kowa da kowa. Suna zaune a fadin mafi daga cikin duniya, sai dai Antarctica. Wannan shi ne mafi girma yawan tsuntsaye tawagar - game da 5000. Wadannan sun hada da siskin, sparrow, magpie, jackdaw, wren, jay, robin, blue tit, tit, da dai sauransu suka ciyar a kan tsaba da kuma kananan kwari ..

Rawar da tsuntsaye tawagar

Detachment tsuntsaye ne a key kashi a yaki da kwari na daban-daban shuke-shuke. su kuma taimaka wajen yada su tsaba. Su, bi da bi, ya kuma ciyar a kan sauran dabbobi.