The jirgin helikofta Ka-27: description, fasaha bayani dalla-dalla, layout da kuma tarihin

Daga a tarihi mai nisa, mutum ya nemi a sama, shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa a tsawon shekaru ya yi nasara. Don kwanan wata, jirgin sama - shi ne ba kawai da fasinja da kuma sufurin kaya kai, amma kuma da tsaro na cikin iska iyakokin jihar. Wannan labarin da za a tattauna a kan wannan jirgin sama a matsayin helikofta Ka-27. Game da yadda za a gina wannan na'ura da kuma abin da suke da halaye, za mu yi magana.

tarihi bayanai

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1970, bayan la'akari da Flight "Ocean" Navy Kwamandan gudanar da wani taro tare da shugabannin zanen na Kamov Research Institute da kuma mataimakin kwamanda na rundunar sojan sama jiragen ruwa, Laftana-Janar Naumov. A sakamakon tattaunawar da aka yi shawarar bude wani sabon shiri. A karshe yanke shawara game da farkon na cin gaban wani musamman antisubmarine helikofta Ka-252, tsara don marine tasoshin Project 1143 da aka yi a majalisar ministocin kasar da taron a watan Afrilu 1972. Ganawa jihar Hukumar ga iska inji shige gaba rani.

Fara na samarwa

The Ka-27, da asalinta, shi ne wani inganta version na Ka-25. Mass samar da sabon mota ya faru a shuka a Kumertau. Duk da haka, wannan da aka riga da wani jirgin da samfur, wanda da farko ya yi Yunƙurin a iska 8 Agusta 1973. A watan Disamba na wannan shekara da mota sanya ta farko jirgin a kan wani madauwari hanya.

Tuki helikofta Ka-27 ne quite misali ga Kamov zane hukumar da kuma wani twin-dunƙule co-axial. Kamata a lura da cewa wannan fama da jirgin sama ne game da uku - biyar sau sauri fiye da ta gada, da Ka-25. Musamman, sigogi kamar tsawon lokaci da kuma tsawon jirgin, ya karu da kusan 40%. Har ila yau, shigarwa na karin iko da kuma abin dogara injuna ya haddasa kara a takamaiman dirka-nauyi rabo na 1.7.

ofishin

The Ka-27 da aka soma a watan Afrilu 1981. Kafin wannan, a cikin shekarar 1978, da makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Minsk" biyar motoci da aka tsĩrar. A shekarar 1979, mun kafa musamman helikofta rajimanti a Airfield Severomorsk-2, kunsha kawai na Ka-27.

Yau, da Ka-27 ne a kan jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov", kazalika da sauran hallaka da kuma anti-submarine jiragen ruwa. Bugu da kari, da mota da aka sayar a kasar Sin, India, Syria, da tsohuwar {asar Yugoslavia.

Babban manufar

The Ka-27 da hidima ga gane, rikodin tracking, kuma neutralization na karkashin ruwa tasoshin maƙiyi cewa bi zuwa zurfin 500 m a gudun 75 km / hr da kuma kawar da su daga shugaban da jirgin sama zuwa ɗari biyu kilomita. A lokaci guda a yarda da teku jihar 5 points. Yanayi na iya zama duka al'ada da kuma rikitarwa. A lokaci na rana ba kome. Har ila yau, da helikofta ne iya yi ta dawainiya, duka biyu da kansa da kuma kasancewa a cikin wani rukuni.

tsarin abubuwa

Fama helikofta Ka-27 da aka sanye take da wani uku-ruwa propeller tare da wani counter-juyawa, wanda ci gaba a lokacin zaman a kan jirgin. The ruwan wukake daga wadannan sukurori ake yi na fiberglass da bushings - titanium.

A fuselage daga cikin na'ura da aka yi da m aluminum gami. Don a tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da kuma a tsaye directional kwanciyar hankali na helikofta empennage amfani da ciwon biyu keel. Wanki kowane keel yana da wanda ba a iya lura da shi ba slat kuma ya juya zuwa ga yatsan da axis na fuselage.

A shasi yana da dirkoki huɗu gyarawa kaya irin da kuma dakunan da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin ga kananan daga cikin helikofta domin samar da m damar yin amfani da kaya daki. A halayyar alama na gaban ƙafafun - kai-fuskantarwa. Akwai kuma yiwuwar shigarwa na kayan gudun kan.

Da ikon ɓangare na jirgin sama

A drive helikofta turboshaft engine yana amfani da biyu TV 3, jimlar ikon Take-kashe wanda shi ne 2h2200 horsepower da reducer VR-252. A rotors da barga gudun a lokacin da jirgin.

Babban kafofin na wutar lantarki ne biyu uku-lokaci janareta na alternating halin yanzu a mita na 400 Hz, wanda aka kora reducer VR-252. Janareto aiki a layi daya, amma kai tsaye haɗa da cibiyar sadarwa kawai da hagu da kuma dama shi ne a ajiye. Constant na yanzu helikofta samu ta hanyar hira daga AC via biyu semiconductor rectifiers vu-B.

nickel-cadmium type, da kuma biyu DC Converter gaggawa samar da wutar lantarki guda biyu batura.

A lokacin gaggawa saukowa a kan ruwa surface kunna inflatable ballonets wanda a lokacin al'ada jirgin stowed a folded matsayi na helikofta a kaikaice kwantena zubar a kan fuselage. Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa ballonets ba da tabbacin bukata flotation inji a katse injuna.

Har ila yau, Rasha a saukar ungulu Ka-27 sanye take da wani autopilot tsarin da kuma wani Semi-atomatik watsa tsarin na tsarawa da kuma sauran bayanai game da wani gano submarine.

The ƙungiya kunshi mutane uku: wani matukin jirgi, navigator, gudanarwa da kuma sawa tsarin sadarwa.

"Dorinar ruwa"

Wannan abin da ake kira musamman kwamitin hadaddun, a cikin abin da tsarin ya bayyana:

• Radar, wanda solves matsalar kewayawa da search submarine surfaced zuwa surface. A fairing tsarin da aka located a kan hanci da fuselage.
• Foldable Sonar. Na sanya shi a baya na da fuselage kashi da kuma kayyade tsarawa daga submarines.
• A na'ura da kuma sarrafa kwamfuta gani. Samar atomatik janye helikofta nufi ga m sallama tareda žata jamiái.
• Bui radiogidroakusticheskogo irin.
• Magnetic injimin gano illa.

Bugu da kari, anti-Ka 27 ne iya sauke alamomi, hayaki janareto, mashirya transponders.

Surface hari da aka fada a jirgin sama a lokacin da wani jirgin a tsawon 500 m bayyana:

• Idan ESR na har zuwa 250 mita - a mafi žarancin 25 km.
• Idan EPR 2 m - ba kasa da 5 km.

A rarrabe da "dorinar ruwa" na tsarin - da wanzuwar musamman dijital data-aiki subsystems, kazalika da mafi girma mataki na aiki da na aiwatar da ganewa na submarines. Musamman da hankali cancanci gudun da tsarin: a cikin sa'a daya da aiki da shi zai iya gudanar da wani cikakken dubawa na ruwa surface yankin wanda yake kasa da 2,000 murabba'in kilomita.

gun kayan aiki

A don ya hallaka submarines jirgin Ka-27, a wani musamman daki rike torpedo antisubmarine aji AT WW1 da kuma bama-bamai, ya zamo kamar wanda - a cikin kewayon 50 zuwa 250 kg. Bugu da kari, da aviamashine idan ya cancanta za a iya shigar shiryar da makamai masu linzami zuwa neutralize karkashin ruwa jiragen ruwa kamar Apr-2E.

samfurin jaddadawa

Bene Ka-27 yana da wadannan bayani dalla-dalla:

• Yawan mutane da ƙungiya - 3.
• Al'ada takeoff nauyi - 11000 kg.
• Matsakaicin jirgin gudun - 270 km / h.
• Cruising gudun - 230 km / h.
• Dynamic jirgin rufi - 2950 m.
• Real kewayon - 800 km.
• Ball dunƙule yana da wani diamita 15.9 m.
• Machine tsawon - 11.3 m.
• Lokacin da folded, da jirgin ruwa yana da tsawo daga 5.4 m.
• Nuna alama dangi - 5000 kg.
• The nauyi na man fetur a cikin tankuna - 12 000 kg.

gyare-gyare

The Ka-27, PSD da aka tsara don yin bincike da kuma ceto ayyukan. Yana ƙãra iyakar takeoff nauyi, wanda shi ne daidai da 12 000 kg. Har ila yau yana karfafa da shasi dakatar, saka karin man fetur tankuna, don haka cewa jimlar man fetur damar da helikofta ya 4830 lita.

Akwai kuma model na Ka-27E. Wannan saukar ungulu aka located a kan wani jirgin ruwa seagoing bayar da "Absheron" da kuma bauta ga dubawa na jirgi gaban a kan jirgin na daban-daban m rediyoaktif kayan da abubuwa.

Ka-27PL anti-submarine jirgin ne bambance-bambancen da helikofta, kuma Ka-28 - fitarwa model aviamashiny. Wannan canji na saukar ungulu da aka fentin kamar haka: a kan jirgin da fari Paint ne amfani da a kan fuselage da ciki - ja ratsi.

A jirgin sama sanye take da wani iko da nufin ceto, haske da ceto. By hoisting winch idan ya cancanta ko hašawa da wurin zama bel ga 'yan saman jannati. Bugu da kari, gaban a kan jirgin akwai kuma inflatable bel, ƙananan jirage biyu, rafts.

Very dace da kuma cewa bincike da kuma ceto mai saukar ungulu model iya da kyau a tuba tozarta ma'aikata a cikin ilimi version. Don yin wannan, sa navigator iko rike aka saka longitudinally a mai gangara shugabanci, a feda liba mataki.

A cikin hali na mai saukar ungulu a cikin rawar da kiwon lafiya iya shigar a gadon ɗauka maras lafiya a cikin adadin 4 inji mai kwakwalwa., A biyu daga nadawa stools, a tebur domin kiwon lafiya kwararru, oxygen na'urorin.

The Ka-27 PS - mafi m model, kamar yadda mafi yawansu sarrafa matsayin kai da jirgin sama a kan teku da kuma na sojan ruwa da kwasfansu. Da farko, shi ne mai ceto abin hawa, wanda yana neman da taimakon crews jiragen ruwa a cikin ƙuncin rai, kazalika da bincike domin saukowa daga airships. The ƙungiya daga saukar ungulu ne mutane hudu, cikinsu akwai wani wuri da wata paramedic, lifeguard, wanda, bi da bi, dole yana da wani musamman da ruwa da kuma likita horo. Ya kuma dole ne su iya fada a kan winch daga wani tsawo na hamsin mita.

Kamar yadda ga farashin jirgin sama inji, ainihin kudin da Ka-27, Rasha, ma'aikatar tsaron ba a bayyana.