The most ikon shuka Rasha: jerin iri da kuma siffofin. Geothermal ikon shuka a Rasha

Rasha tun Soviet zamanin nuna sakamako mai kyau domin samar da wutar lantarki a thermal ikon shuke-shuke. Rasha ikon shuke-shuke suna warwatse a cikin mafi manyan birane a kasar. Ka yi la'akari da mafi m makamashi tsara da kuma su rarrabe fasali. Lura da cewa mafi yawan gine-gine da aka gina da baya a 60-80s na karshe karni, amma daga lokacin sa a cikin aiki da kuma sabon kayayyaki.

Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP

Wannan ikon daukan 7th wuri tsakanin data kasance Tsarin a duniya cikin sharuddan shigar iya aiki. Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric iko tashar located a kan Yenisei, shi ne mafi girman dam a Rasha da kuma daya daga cikin mafi girma a duniya. Its iyakar iya aiki ne 13090 m ³ / s. Da ikon tashar wannan Rasha sashe 21 ne, cikin na'ura dakin hada da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa raka'a 10, da kuma wani ofishin part - 10 dindindin Estern, a kan wanda aka aza penstocks. Dam ikon shuka taimaka tada ruwa matakin a cikin Yenisei, game da shi, ya kafa wani tafki. A zane damar shuka ne 6400 MW.

Krasnoyarsk GES

A farko ikon shuka a Rasha da aka gina a cikin 50-60s na karshe karni. Saboda haka, da Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric iko tashar fara ginin a shekarar 1955, shi ne kuma a kan Yenisei. Wannan tashar da ake kira zuciya na Siberia na makamashin tsarin, kamar yadda shi ne daya daga cikin manyan makamashi kaya a cikin yankin. A halin yanzu, Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric iko tashar ne daya daga goma manyan tashoshin na duniya, a Jihar wadda fiye da 550 mutane. A karshe, ta sa a cikin aiki da baya a shekarar 1972, kuma tun daga nan an ci gaba da inganta. Wannan hydroelectric iko tashar kunshi dama abubuwa:

• kankare nauyi dam.
• dam ikon shuka gini.
• shigarwa ga liyafar da kuma rarraba makamashi.
• Ta dage tare da pododnym tashar.

A kan yi na biyu ikon Rasha ikon shuka shi ya dauki kusan miliyan 6 m ³ na kankare. Station bambanta iyakar damar 14.000 ^M3 / sec, da kuma hydroelectric iko na 6000 MW. Krasnoyarskoe dam tafki kafa na 2000 km ^2. A peculiarity wannan ikon - a dage kawai a Rasha, wanda ake bukata domin nassi na jiragen ruwa. A 1995, da hydroelectric hydroelectric iko tashar da aka sawa by 50%, don haka aka yanke shawarar sake gina da zamanantar su.

Surgut GRES

Rasha ta most ikon shuka gabatar da Surgut GRES, dake a cikin Khanty-Mansiysk cin gashin kanta Okrug. A tashar yana da wata shigar lantarki damar 5597 MW, aiki a hade man fetur da iskar gas. Its yi ya fara a cikin 80s, a lokacin da ƙasa na tsakiya Likitan mata akwai wani karancin makamashi. Bisa ga asali aikin, duk da da za a sa 8 raka'a da kuma ikon kamata haskaka da Surgut GRES daga cikin mafi m thermal tashoshin.

Bratsk HPP

Rasha ta most ikon shuka located a kan Angara River. Bratsk hydroelectric shuka shi ne wani ɓangare na Angara cascade, kasancewa shugaba na samar da wutar lantarki a cikin dukan na Eurasia. The yanke shawara a kan gina tashar da aka sanya a cikin 1954, da kuma commissioning ya faru a 1967. Musamman kundin da barga albarkatun ruwa na Lake Baikal da Bratsk tafki tasiri cewa wannan HPP fara taka muhimmiyar rawa ga ci gaban tattalin arziki na kasar.

Don kwanan wata, Bratsk HPP kunshi 18 raka'a, da kuma samar da makamashi samar ne yadu used a daban-daban da masana'antu. A tashar kunshi dama nazarinsa, bi da kullum kallon cikin ma'aikatan da mutane 300. Tun da Angara ba ta kewayawa, da waterworks kuma yana da wani kewayawa takware. A shigar da damar da Bratsk hydroelectric tashar - 4500 MW.

Balakovo NPP

A jerin Rasha ikon shuke-shuke, wanda nuna sosai yawa da wutar lantarki, da kuma mun hada da Balakovo nukiliya ikon shuka, wanda yake shi ne shugaba a cikin nukiliya masana'antu na kasar. karfi yi aka samu godiya ga m kyautata na kayan aiki. Tasiri hanyar ƙara samar da makamashi da aka karu da inganta da zane na nukiliya man fetur. A wannan tashar amfani reactors da biyu-kewaye ikon raka'a.

Kursk NPP

Energy ne kafuwar tattalin arziki da kuma a cikin Kursk yankin. Located nan ikon shuka Rasha yana daga cikin na farko biyar tashoshin, wanda janye karin iko. Wannan wutar lantarki da wannan tashar samar da mafi yawan masana'antu a yankin. Kurskaia nukiliya ikon tashar ne guda-madauki type, abubuwa a matsayin coolants saba tsarkake ruwa da cewa circulates a cikin rufaffiyar kewaye.

Birnin Leningrad, NPP

Leningrad nukiliya ikon tashar shi ne na farko a kasar da cewa yana RBMK-1000. Birnin Leningrad, NPP kunshi raka'a hudu, tare da girma samar da makamashi da ke shiga cikin jimlar amfani. Wannan tashar shi ne mafi girma da makamashi m a arewa maso yammacin yankin na Rasha.

Geothermal kafofin domin amfanin kasar

Akwai daban-daban iri ikon shuke-shuke a Rasha. Saboda haka, geothermal makamashi yana dauke da mafi alamar rahama a cikin zamani tarihin, ciki har da a cikin kasar. Masana sun yarda cewa Duniya ta zafi makamashi kundin yawa ya fi girma yawa na makamashi na duniya da kuma man gas reserves. Geothermal shuka shi ne bu mai kyau zuwa ga gina inda akwai volcanic yankunan. Saboda hadin gwiwa tare da ruwa lawa ruwa da aka maida mai tsanani, da ruwan zafi da aka buga daga zuwa surface kamar yadda geysers.

Irin wannan halitta Properties damar gina zamani geothermal ikon shuke-shuke a Rasha. Su ne a kasar mu da yawa:

1. Pauzhetskaya GeoPP. Wannan tashar da aka gina a shekarar 1966 a kusa da aman wuta Kambalny saboda bukatar na zama ƙauyuka da kuma masana'antu kusa da iko. Shigar iya aiki a lokacin da farko shi ne kawai 5 MW ikon da aka sa'an nan ya karu zuwa 12 MW.
2. Upper Mutnovskaya matukin kasuwanci geothermal ikon shuka located a kan Kamchatka Larabawa, da kuma aka kaddamar a 1999. Ya kunshi raka'a hudu na 4 MW. Construction da aka za'ayi a kusa da aman wuta Mutnovsky.
3. Ocean Power Geothermal Shuka. Wannan tashar da aka gina a kan Kuril Islands a 2006.
4. Mendeleevskaya geothermal ikon shuke-shuke. Wannan tashar da aka gina don samar da dumama da kuma wutar lantarki Yuzhno-Kurilsk.

Kamar yadda ka gani, geothermal ikon shuke-shuke har yanzu aiki a Rasha. Active aiki a kan zamani na data kasance wuraren da ake da za'ayi cewa zai ba da damar gundumomi da kuma kasuwanci dake kusa da volcanic kankara, dole adadin kuzari.

Bayan da aka ci gaba

Lura cewa su raya makamashi ba tsaya har yanzu. Saboda haka, da ya zama sananne cewa a Rasha, musamman, a cikin Samara yankin, za a gina hasken rana. Masana sun ce wannan shiri zai zama wani gagarumin sabon abu, ba kawai ga Samara yankin da kuma kasar baki daya. Shirya yi na hasken rana shuke-shuke ko da a kan ƙasa na Stavropol da kuma Volgograd. Game da data kasance da wurin, tare da saboda hankali da kuma dace zamani, za su iya samar da dama adadin makamashi ko da m yankuna na Rasha.