Total Amurka halayyar. Amurka West: halayyar. Amurka da kuma Kanada: kamanta halaye. Amurka tattalin arziki halaye

Amurka da kuma Kanada - jihohin biyu na Arewacin Amirka. Canada mukamansu na biyu a yankin bayan da Rasha, Amurka - na hudu bayan da kasar Sin. A duk da kusanci na wadannan kasashe su ne sosai daban-daban daga juna. Ko da yake Amurka ke dauke da shugaban na tattalin arzikin duniya a kan sauran dadada rai a Amurka ne m fiye da a arewacin makwabcin. Amirka, a wannan ranking dauki 11th wuri, yayin da Canada - 6th. Yana zai taimaka wajen fahimtar da Sanadin Amurka faye hali. Lalle ne, overall rating daukan la'akari ba kawai da matakin da tattalin arziki, amma kuma da yawan aiki mazauna, da kuma sauran Manuniya.

Tattalin arziki da kuma Gwargwadon bayanin Amurka

Rating daga cikin mafi girma kasashen duniya sarrafa Amurka 4th wuri (9.5 miliyan sq. Km). A ɓangaren da aka sosai m, jihar bautar da babban ɓangare na nahiyar. Amurka gaba an wanke ta Atlantic da kuma Pacific tekuna. Yana inganta ci gaban cinikayya da sauran kasashe, yayin da kare daga kasa da kasa rikice-rikice. Amurka cu] anya da Canada zuwa arewa da kuma Mexico zuwa kudu. Rabu da babban yankin na Alaska da Hawaii. Ta hanyar Bering mashigar, jihar aka kẽwayesu da Rasha.

harkar shugabanci

United States - tarayyar. A shugaban kasa ne shugaban kasa, zaben for 4 years. A mafi majalisu jiki - Congress, kunsha na Majalisar Wakilai da ta Dattawa. Kasar kunshi jihohi 50 da District of Columbia ya zama ruwan dare, wanda shi ne babban birnin - Washington.

US yawan

A cikin ƙasa ga daukacin jama'ar na game da 325 mutane miliyan. The girma na yawan ba} i ne daga wasu ƙasashe. Asalin mutanen kasar - da Indiyawan Daji da Eskimos (Alaska) - shi ne kawai 0.4% na jimlar yawan. A Amurka na iya saduwa da wakilan duk jinsi. National abun da ke ciki ne sosai bambancin, saboda da tarihi na jihar. Bayan gano nahiyar a nan Hakama Baƙi daga Turai. Burtaniya, Irish, Faransanci, Dutch, da dai sauransu Sai mulkin mallaka kawo aiki a kan plantations na baki bayi daga Afirka.

Bayan yakin duniya na II a Amurka akwai taro hijirarsa na Mexicans da Puerto Ricans daga Latin Amurka. Littafi American al'umma - shi ne sakamakon kabilanci hadawa da duk Baƙi. A ƙidaya jama'ar na Amurka ne zuwa kashi da wadannan kungiyoyin:

• fari - 79%.
• baƙar fata - 12%.
• Asians-Mongoloid - 4.4%.

{Asar Spain a matsayin mai raba line ba ware, t. Don. Sun kasance a daban-daban kungiyoyin. Yawan Spanish jawabai - 16% na jimlar yawan.

Janar halaye na Amurka a matsayin shugaban na tattalin arzikin duniya

The United States ne manyan duniya cikin sharuddan masana'antu samar. Saboda haka, sauran faye hali na Amurka a matsayin wata al'umma ba zai iya yi ba tare da tattalin arziki Manuniya. A primacy na kasar daukan in mutane da yawa masana'antu. Yana lissafinsu 75% na jiragen sama, Aerospace masana'antu, 65% na wutar lantarki da kwamfuta, game da 30% na hatsin da. Amurka tattalin arziki halaye na samar da wani fahimtar cewa jihar shi ne shugaba a aiki yawan aiki a high fasaha. A kasar jagoranci yana da wani gagarumin tasiri a kan ci gaban da wani filin na tattalin arziki, a wuri na samarwa, da tsarin. Hanyoyin amfani da wannan dalili ne sosai daban-daban - daga gabatarwar haraji basin ba da taimakon kuɗi duka masana'antu. Duk da haka, wannan tsabar kudin yana da wani jefa gefe. Su suna ƙara ana ji tattalin arziki da rikicin. M rance iya zama wani dalili na kumbura, wadda ke dakushe tattalin arziki. Halayyar sassa na Amurka ne don la'akari da kowane daga cikinsu. Sushestvenno bambance-bambance tsakanin su. Gano wadannan yankunan:

• arewa.
• ta Kudu.
• Amurka West.

Halaye na karshe yanki ne da ya fi ban sha'awa, domin shi ne kawai tasowa.

Amurka bangaren tattalin arziki

Kowace daga cikin Macro-yankuna na kasar na da ƙayyadaddu. Amurka yankin halaye dogara a kan yanayin wuri.

1. A masana'antu arewa. Wannan yanki - babban cibiyar masana'antu da kuma noma a kasar. 80% na yawan zaune a birane. A Coast, shi ne mafi girma a Amurka birni - New York. Shi ne ba kawai da most tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma wani muhimmanci masana'antu cibiyar, amma kuma cibiyar harkokin kudi da kasuwanci rayuwa na jihar. Bugu da kari, New York - a cibiyar al'adu a cikin most yawan dakunan karatu, sinimomi, makarantu, cinemas da gidajen tarihi. Mafi yawa daga shi - a kan tsibirin. A daya daga cikinsu - Manhattan - mayar da hankali kasuwanci gundumomi suna located in skyscrapers. Akwai hedkwatar MDD. A musamman ga tattalin arzikin kasar wasa da wata na'ura gini, chemical, riguna da kuma bugu masana'antu. Amurka faye hali a matsayin shugaban na duniya cinikayya ma ya hada da bayanin mafi muhimmanci kai Dandali. Philadelphia - wani tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma masana'antu cibiyar. A nan, petrochemical da metallurgical masana'antu, mai refining da na'ura gini samu mafi m ci gaba fiye da a New York.

A mafi yawan iko Amurka metallurgical hadaddun aka located a birnin Baltimore. Shi ne ma mafi girma a tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma cibiyar Shipbuilding da man fetur refining. Daya daga cikin manyan birane, samar da wani kai aiki - Chicago. Yana ba kawai hidima teku-faruwa tasoshi, amma kuma shi ne masomin da 30 hanyoyi na railway. A cikin masana'antu yana da wani muhimmanci na musamman ferrous metallurgy, samar da wutar lantarki, kayan aiki, kazalika da masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci. Wani American birni - Detroit - sanannen domin ta mota masana'antu. A nan ne Henry Ford gina farko shuka. Yanzu a nan aka saita su. A dama sauran shuke-shuke da samar da kayan aiki hade gina manta. Amurka agribusiness da kuma yanayin ba noma ba dabino da Arewa. Wannan tattalin arziki yankin samar da rabi na kasar kayayyakin gona. Ga mayar da hankali na sha'anin, kuma Furfure da kuma dabbobi.

2. Kudu na USA. Wannan tattalin arziki yankin kira tsohon bawa-mallakan ta Kudu. Amurka tattalin arziki halaye a matsayin manyan auduga m nufin wannan yankin na kasar. Domin a kan 150 shekara a kan plantations bayi da aka tsunduma a namo auduga. Amurka ta Kudu an agrarian appendage na kasar, da maroki na raw kayan.

Ya aka dauke matalautan yankin. Amma kwanan nan halin da ake ciki ya canza. Square auduga plantations rage muhimmanci, aikin noma ya zama mafi ci gaba da kuma iri daban dabam. 90% na taba kayayyakin da yadudduka samar a nan. A kudu, mafi mined kasar a cikin mai, iskar gas, kwal, phosphates. Ta Kudu ba tare da ƙari a kira wani Multi-faceted. Shi ne kuma wani wuri inda suka har yanzu samar da sanannen taba "Marlboro", da kuma tsakiyar girma broiler kaji, da kuma a nan ne na gargajiya auduga samar. An located rana Florida da kuma Miami mura aka ziyarci da miliyoyin masu yawon shakatawa. Cif Amurka spaceport - Canaveral - kuma a kudu. Saboda man zazzabi tashi ultramodern birane - Houston da kuma Dallas. Yanzu shi ne babban cibiyar ga Aerospace masana'antu.

West. Amurka faye hali na shirin bayyana tattalin arzikin za a iya dangana ga yammacin kasar zuwa ƙarami, kuma ya fi sauri girma yankin. Bugu da kari, shi ne kuma mafi girma daga cikin gundumomi. Saboda haka, ya saba ana mafi furta. Ga mafi girma duwãtsu a cikin ƙasa, mafi zurfi canyons, sararin yankunan hamada a Arizona, da arziki ƙasa a cikin kwari. Kafin yakin duniya na II da tattalin arzikin da aka specialization a hako ma'adinai da kuma dabbobi. Bayan da sauri suka fara samar da wasu wurare na tattalin arzikin kasar. Yanzu wani wuri na musamman a cikin rayuwar jihar maida hankali ne akan Amurka West. Halayyar da tattalin arziki sassa bada wani haske game da yuwuwar na yankin sun tukuna aka bayyana. A nan ne rana California ta shahara Silicon Valley, Alaska da Hawaii.

Tattalin arziki da kuma halin da ake ciki Gwargwadon na Canada

Canada aka located a arewacin Arewacin Amirka da kuma bautar da wata babbar yankin - kusan miliyan 10 sq. M. km. Wannan shi ne 1/12 daga cikin jimlar ƙasar yankin. Its ruwa wanke uku teku - Arctic, Pacific da kuma Atlantic. Coast line aka gane kamar yadda Canada ta mafi tsawo a duniya. Kuma ƙasar iyakar kasar da Amurka - mafi tsawo zamar masa dole iyaka a duniya. A arewa, Canada dab da Rasha. Kuma kamar yadda iyakar tsaye a material batu - da Arewa iyakacin duniya. Canada ne mai babbar yanki located sama da Arctic Circle, amma mafi yawan jama'a na zaune a kudancin gundumomi, kusa da maƙwabci - Amurka. Bugu da kari ga ɓangaren duniya, kasar na Maple ganye yana da yawa da manyan kananan tsibiran a cikin teku - Newfoundland, Victoria, Devon, Baffin Island, da sauransu.

Canada ta siyasa naúrar

Ya qunshi 10 larduna da biyu tarayya yankuna. Shape Canada - a tsarin mulkin daular mulkinsu. A majalisu ikon da aka wakilta wani bicameral majalisar dokokin kasar - Majalisar Dattawa da kuma House of Commons. The gwamnatin Forms firaministan kasar, wanda aka zabe ta ke da rinjaye a cikin House of Commons.

The yawan Canada

Aborigines zaune a kasar, sa up wani kankanin kashi na jimlar yawan su, kuma aka mayar da su zuwa arewa da ƙasa. Mafiya yawa na yawan - su ne zuriyar baƙi daga Turai, ko, ko mulkin mallaka. Canada ci gaba da hadisi: kasar mafi sharadi gwargwado ga baƙi. A cikin duka, jihar gida 30 da mutane miliyan. Canada - a kasa na asiri. Duk da rikicin da wuya tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki a duniya, shi ne zai yiwu a cimma mafi girma da aikin rates da kuma ci gaba da daukar mutane daga wasu ƙasashe. The girma na kasar mazaunan - Kiristoci. The yawan mutane, an sosai unevenly rarraba. Arewacin kasar da aka kusan zaune, yayin da kudu ne zuwa gida 90% na al'ummar jihar. Official harsuna a Canada 2 - Turanci da Faransanci.

Climate, Flora da fauna da Canada

Saboda babban har na kasar sauyin yanayi canje-canje daga iyakacin duniya zuwa wurare masu zafi a cikin arewa zuwa kudu. Yanayin zafi a cikin Arctic Circle da wuya ya tashi sama 0 digiri. Canada Winter tsawo da kuma m. Na taimaka wa wannan yunkuri na sanyi iska talakawa daga Arewa iyakacin duniya, sun isa zuwa yanzu m. Deep a ɓangaren duniya juts da sanyi Hudson Bay, wanda kusan a ko'ina cikin shekara da aka rufe da kankara. A gabas, wannan arewacin kasar an wanke ta da sanyi Labrador Yanzu. A Canada, a kan koguna da tabkuna fiye da ko ina kuma. Su samar da wata babbar adadin ruwa iko. Ga sararin reserves na katako, fiye da a Rasha da kuma Brazil. A mafi muhimmanci da jinsin - fari da kuma baki spruce, ja itacen al'ul da kuma rawaya Birch, itacen oak da shakka, da itacen al'ul. A kudu, manyan yankunan da m ƙasar. A jihar bakin teku ruwa, kuri'a na kifi, kifi ne na musamman muhimmancin.

masana'antu Canada

• Mining. Ga samar da fitar da kaya kusan dukkan duniya ma'adanai - tama, tutiya, jan, gubar, nickel, cobalt, titanium, zinariya, da azurfa, platinum, mai, iskar gas, da dai sauransu
• Energy. A kasar da aka located a kan 5th wuri a duniya domin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma a kan 3rd wurin hakar iskar gas.
• Metallurgy. Nonferrous metallurgy aka mayar da hankali a kan fitarwa. Nuna cobalt, tutiya da nickel. A rabo na ferrous metallurgy ne da yawa m.
• Inji aikin injiniya. Development of kai samarwa, kayan aiki don aikin noma, ma'adinai da kuma takarda masana'antu.
• Chemical. Yafi nuna potash (2nd wuri a duniya). Har ila yau nuna polymer kayan, Pharmaceutical kayayyakin, nakiyoyi.
• Takarda. Canada mukamansu 1st a duniya a samar da takarda ga jaridu da 2nd wuri cikin sharuddan samar.

Agriculture Canada

Mayar da hankali shi a cikin nahiyar bangare na kasar da kuma ya ƙware a cikin yi da kuma fitarwa na hatsi - alkama, masara, da dankali. A jihar bakin teku sashi ne da raya kama kifi. Canada - wata babbar m kayayyakin gona. Bukatun su ne cikakken bayyana kanta da kuma fiye da rabin na kayayyakin da ake kawota zuwa wasu kasashen.

kai Canada

Manyan wurare na kasar da gudummawar da ci gaban da dukkan kai halaye.

• Railway. Tsawon layukan dogo na fiye da a Rasha da kuma Amurka.
• Mota. Domin ciki sadarwa a kasar da-aiki hanyoyi, da har na Canada fiye da Amurka ne kawai.
• Air kai. Sararin nisa a cikin kasar, mai kaifi canji na sauyin yanayi, ƙasa siffofin sun kai ga ci gaban da iska zirga-zirga ba kawai a cikin kasa da kasa format, amma kuma a cikin kasar.
• Ruwa. Shi ne mai matukar ɓullo da ciki sadarwa da isar da kayayyaki ta ruwa - katako da hatsi.

The United States, kuma Canada. fasalin

The biyu kasashe makwabta ne ban sha'awa kwatanta babban Manuniya. Comparative halaye na Amurka da kuma arewacin maƙwabcinsa da aka gabatar a tebur.

Mun bayar da cikakken faye hali na Amurka. A bisa tebur yana da wani ra'ayin na da bambance-bambance da kamanni Amurka da kuma Canada. Daruruwan dubban mutane suka zo {asar Amirka, a bin da "American mafarki", wani ya sami farin ciki a Canada. Bayan duk, kowace ƙasa profiles samar da kawai wani janar ra'ayin su.