Farar ƙasa Properties. Rock ne farar ƙasa. farar ƙasa dabara

Farar ƙasa - halitta dutse, wanda shi ne mai taushi da laka kwayoyin ko organo-sinadaran asalin, hada da yafi na alli carbonate (calcite). Sau da yawa ya qunshi ma'adini najasa, phosphate, silica, lãka da yashi barbashi kuma calcareous sharan skeletons kwayoyin. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu tattauna wannan halitta abu, ta iri, Properties da ikon yinsa, daga aikace-aikace, kazalika da gano abin da yake da sinadaran dabara na farar ƙasa, da yawa.

samuwar farar ƙasa

Don fara, bari mu dubi yadda wadannan ma'adanai da aka kafa. Farar ƙasa ne yafi kafa a wani m marine tasa, ko da yake akwai ma ruwa tare. Yana auku a cikin nau'i na adibas da yadudduka. Wani lokaci yana precipitates, kamar gypsum da gishiri daga evaporating teku ruwa lagoons da tabkuna. Duk da haka, da girma da shi ne ajiyar a cikin tekuna da cewa ba samu wani m bushewa. Samuwar mafi farar ƙasa ya fara da rabuwa da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta daga teku ruwa don gina alli carbonate bawo da skeletons. A nan ne ya rage daga matattu kwayoyin a cikin manyan yawa tara a kan seabed. A mafi daukan hankali misali na gyara da kuma jari na alli carbonate ne murjani reefs. Saboda haka, a wasu lokuta, a kan wani hutu farar ƙasa mutum bawo za a iya gani. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar teku igiyoyin da ta da tasiri na cikin tãguwar ruwa da kuma surf Reef hutu. Kuma a kan seabed to ƙara tarkace farar ƙasa alli carbonate, wanda precipitates daga cikakken ruwa su. Har ila yau a cikin ilimin matasa farar ƙasa kankara da hannu alli, wanda ya zo daga halakar da tsoho kankara.

jinsunan

Akwai mutane da yawa irin na farar ƙasa. Coquina kira tari bawo da su da wani ɓaɓɓake, cemented a wani saƙar zuma samuwar. A cikin akwati inda harsashi yana da matukar kananan size, kafa taushi, loosely guda biyu, shafewa finely niƙẽwa farar ƙasa - alli. Oolitic dutse kunshi kankanin, game da girman kifi qwai cemented bukukuwa. Da zuciyar kowane za a iya wakilta wani ɓaɓɓake daga harsashi, wani hatsi da yashi ko wasu kasashen waje kayan barbashi. A cikin akwati a lokacin da beads ne ya fi girma, kamar fis, suna kira pizolitami da kuma irin, bi da bi, pizolitovym farar ƙasa. Wani bambance-bambancen ne travertine - shi ne kafa a kan surface a lokacin da hazo calcite ko aragonite carbonic ruwa kafofin. Idan wadannan adibas ne sosai porous substrate (soso), shi ne ake kira tuff. Unconsolidated cakuda lãka da alli carbonate a kira Marktl.

Bugu da kari, da farar ƙasa iya bambanta da launukanku. Basic launi - fari. Amma shi kuma iya zama rawaya, haske m, haske launin toka, akalla - dan kadan pinkish. White-m da fari-yellow dutse suna dauke da mafi muhimmanci.

farar ƙasa dabara

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, wannan na halitta abu da aka hada da yafi na calcite ko calcite da ya rage daga skeletons da bawo, da wuya na aragonite. Saboda haka farar ƙasa dabara za su zama kamar haka: CaCO _3. Duk da haka, tsarki irin ne musamman rare, a wasu lokuta ya hada daban-daban impurities na ma'adini, lãka ma'adanai, dolomite, gypsum, pyrite kuma, ba shakka, Organic sharan. Saboda haka, dolomitic farar ƙasa (Formula wannan irin hada da MgO) qunshi daga hudu zuwa goma sha bakwai bisa dari magnesium oxide, marly - har zuwa 21 bisa dari na acidic oxides (Sio ₂ + R ₂ Ya _3). A abun da ke ciki na iya hada carbonate dolomite CaMg (CO _{3) 2,} FeCO _3, MnCO _3, da kuma, a cikin qananan yawa - oxides, sulfides da hydroxides na Fe, Ca ₃ (PO _{4) 2,} CaSO _4.

Farar ƙasa: Properties da kuma aikace-aikacen kwamfuta

Physico-inji kaddarorin da kankara ne musamman iri-irin, duk da haka, ya dogara ne a kan kai tsaye ta irin zane da tsari. Makarantar sakandare dalibai la'akari Properties na farar ƙasa (Grade 4) daga matsayin ta waje halaye. Suna binciken da wadannan sigogi: launi, yawa, karfi, Jihar, solubility. Mun je wani kadan kara da la'akari da mafi zurfin da kaddarorin ma'adanai. Farar ƙasa yana da wani yawa a cikin kewayon 2700-2900 kg / m ^3. Wannan canji ne saboda da adadin impurities dauke ma'adini, dolomite da sauran ma'adanai. Bulk yawa canje-canje a cikin wani yawa ya fi girma kewayo. Saboda haka, travertine da kuma Shell shi ne kawai 800 kg / m ^3, yayin da crystalline dutse ya kai 2800 kg / m ^3. Idan akai la'akari da kaddarorin farar ƙasa, ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa compressive ƙarfi daga kankara dogara a kan ta girma yawa. Saboda haka harsashi rock shi ne kawai 0.4 MPa, kuma a afanitov gabatowa 300 MPa. A bisa halaye m irin da aikace-aikace na wadannan kayan. Alal misali, a cikin shiri na mafi m farar ƙasa amfani a masonry ganuwar da porous ne mai kyau ga rufi da kuma samar da ado was.

Tasirin sauyin yanayi

Dangane da danshi matakin da farar ƙasa Properties iya bambanta. Wannan da farko rinjayar da ƙarfi - shi ne markedly rage idan rigar dutse. Bugu da kari, mafi yawan adibas yana da wani gauraye irin. A wannan lokaci ya kamata ka biya na musamman da hankali, saboda inhomogeneous kayan za su bambanta da yawa, wanda ya bi da bi iya kai ga halaka su. Binciken da kaddarorin farar ƙasa kamata ba za a saka manta da, da kuma sigogi kamar sanyi juriya: wannan ƙwarai rinjayar da ma'adinai ƙarfi da tsawon da amfani. Saboda haka, crystalline limestones sanyi ne 300-400 hawan keke. Duk da haka, wannan adadi da aka rage muhimmanci a gaban fasa da pores a littattafai. Saboda haka, duk na sama Properties na farar ƙasa wajibi ne a yi la'akari da amfani da wannan halitta abu, domin ya hana ta hallaka.

Farar ƙasa domin yi

A yi masana'antu ne mai babbar mabukaci daga albarkatun ma'adinai da mu. Dolomitic (rock) farar ƙasa da ake amfani wajen samar da putty da plaster garwayayye, sealants da sauran. White farar ƙasa a cikin manyan yawa amfani da karewa da kuma ado na gine-gine. Coquina ne sau da yawa samu kamar gini tubalan, da sauransu. D. Ba za mu mayar da hankali a kan wannan masana'antu, da kuma shi ne don haka da kyau a san duk. Kuma saboda haka ka ci gaba.

Farar ƙasa a cikin zamani masana'antu samar

Sai dai itace cewa wannan halitta kayan da ake amfani a samar da Paints, rubbers da kuma robobi. A tsarkakakku daga impurities cutarwa ga jikin mutum, da ake amfani da ko da a masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci. Production na gilashi ba zai yiwu ba tare da farar ƙasa, domin shi ne babban tushen alli. Wannan irin ta zama babu makawa, kuma mafi muhimmanci - araha bangaren domin samar da takarda. A rayuwar yau da kullum muke yawan amfani da kayayyakin kamar bututu, linoleum, tayal, fale-falen, da dai sauransu .., Kuma ban sani ba cewa duk wadannan abubuwa ne ma yanzu farar ƙasa. Ko da samar da roba (PP, PVC, krempleny, lavsan, da dai sauransu) ba zai iya yi ba tare da wannan albarkatun kasa. A inks amfani da alli carbonate kamar yadda canza launi pigment. Kamar yadda ka gani, wannan abu yana da wani abu matsayi a kusan dukkan masana'antu.

sinadaran masana'antu

Ko abubuwa kamar takalma goge, man goge baki, scouring foda, da sauransu., Wanne mu yi amfani da, a kullum, an samu daga farar ƙasa. Wadannan raw kayan amfani a cikin yi da kwayoyi amfani da su kare muhalli daga gurbata yanayi na daban-daban iri iri. Bisa ta gabatar ba, ba za mu iya amince ce cewa a sanannun da kuma samuwa abu da yake farar ƙasa, shi ne wani muhimmin kashi na zamani na kasar.

ban sha'awa facts

A babban taimako ga ci gaban dutse sassaƙa sanya mutanen Kudu da kuma Amurka ta tsakiya. Olmecs, Aztecs, Mayans yi gagarumin ci gaba a cikin ikon sarrafa chalcedony, obsidian da silicon karfe, yankan kayan aikin da sauran iyali abubuwa. Saboda haka, mirgina fil, graters, rokoki da haka, sun halitta basalt, sandstone da farar ƙasa. Ganga da chopping kayan aikin yi na diorite, Jade, Jade da sauran kayan. Yafi dutse aiki cibiyar ne birni na Maya - The fineness da Nebaj.