Tower Bridge a London: description, tarihi, halaye da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Bridge Tower Bridge ne daya daga cikin katunan kasuwanci na London da kuma Birtaniya a matsayin dukan a kan wani par da Buckingham Palace da dabaran "London Eye" Ferris. Age tsarin shige shẽkara ɗari. Duk da haka, da gada ne har yanzu kyau, m da kuma ban sha'awa ga jama'a, kazalika da kyau kwarai aiki tare ta asali aiki.

location gada

Tower Bridge a London (Tower Bridge a cikin Turanci) ne sau da yawa a gauraye da London, wanda aka located dan kadan sama da rafi. Azahiri, wadannan biyu Tsarin ne cikakken ba irin wannan, amma saboda su wuri ne rikice. A gaskiya ma, ga ambatar na farko gada quite a bit don yin tunãni a kan sunansa, da kuma duk ya bayyana. Tower shi ne mai suna saboda gaskiyar cewa an located in nan da nan kusanci na tsaye a kan arewa banki na Thames, hasumiyar London. A cikin photo kasa ka iya ganin London Bridge.

Location kula: 51 ° 30'20 "tare. w. 0 ° 04'30 "W. d. Tower Bridge ne mai girma wuri. Daga cikin manyan windows daga cikin gallery tare da na wasan kwaikwayo ra'ayoyi na birni da a recognizable skyscraper lakabi da "kokwamba" da kuma gina The Shard. Ya juya ya dubi zuwa wajen gabas, za ka iya ganin Greenwich Observatory da docks St. Catherine.

Tower Bridge: Description

A gada ne a drawbridge kuma rataye a lokaci guda. Its tsawon shi ne 244 m, kuma matsakaicin fadin (a tsakiyar span) ya kai 61 m. A tsakãtsaki ɓangare na gada ne zuwa kashi biyu dagawa fuka-fuki, kowanne daga abin da weighs fiye da dubu tons. Domin nassi na jiragen ruwa zuwa sama da Thames, su za a iya tashe a wani kwana na 83 digiri. A matsakaiciyar goyon bayan gada shigar hasumiya 65 m high. A saman matakin da su ka haɗa da biyu waƙoƙi. Suna tsara don counteract a kwance tashin hankali sojojin da haifar da dakatar da rabo daga gada Tower Bridge a kan ƙasar. A tushe na kowane hasumiya sanya juyawa kayan.

A halin yanzu launi makirci na gada (blue da fari) da aka soma a 2010. Kafin wannan, ta kasance canzawa tun 1977, lokacin da girmama na azurfa jubili na Sarauniya Elizabeth II zane fentin a cikin uku launuka: blue, ja da fari.

A bene na gada ne a bude domin zirga-zirga, da kuma Masu Tafiya da Kafa. Duk da haka, da tagwayen hasumiyoyin, da waƙoƙi a kan babba matakin da engine dakuna na Victoria zamanin wani bangare ne na Tower Bridge Nunin. Ziyartar wadannan shafukan ne yiwu tare da tikiti.

Tarihi na halitta

The biyu da rabi na karni na 19th aka alama ta da ci gaban da yankin da kuma Yunƙurin na Gabas Ƙare. Tafiya a ƙasa da kuma wasannin zirga-zirga ya karu sau da yawa dangane da wannan balaga da kungiyar na tsallaka da Thames zuwa gabashin London Bridge. A shekara ta 1870, a karkashin kogi rami da aka aza Tower Subway. Kamar yadda jirgin karkashin kasa, ya yi aiki a gwada gajeren lokaci da kuma fara ƙarshe da za a yi amfani da kawai ta Tafiya da Kafa. Yanzu an located ruwa main. Saboda haka, rami bai warware matsalar, don haka a 1876 wani kwamiti na musamman karkashin jagorancin Sir A.D.Altmana, wanda ya sami hanyar tsallaka kogin da aka kafa.

Kwamitin bayar da sanarwar gasar, wanda ya kawo tare fiye da 50 ayyuka. A lashe aka sanar a 1884, amma sai ya yanke shawarar gina wata gada Tower Bridge (English - Tower Bridge). Construction aka izini da dokar da majalisar dokokin kasar a 1885. Ya ayyana girman da gada, kazalika da zane style - Gothic.

Gina wata gada

Yi na gada, mai suna bayan da Tower ya fara a 1886 da kuma dade shekaru takwas. A wannan lokaci, mun dauki bangare a cikin tsari na biyar manyan yan kwangila: D. Jackson, Baron Armstrong, William Webster, H. Bartlett da kuma W. Arorol. A yi site na 432 mutanen da suka aikata. Jimlar kudin da gada a lokacin amounted zuwa 1184 dubu. Burtaniya. A yi dauki fiye da 11 da dubu. Ton na karfe.

Official bude Bridge Tower Bridge ya faru a ranar 30 ga watan Yuni, 1894 a wani bikin halarta da Prince of Wales (nan gaba King Edward VII) da kuma matarsa Alexandra na Denmark.

Tuni a cikin shekara ta farko da ta aiki walkways tsakanin hasumiyoyin da gada sami wani m suna a matsayin tsari ga pickpockets da karuwai. Tun da su suna da wuya amfani talakawa Tafiya da Kafa, sun kasance a rufe a cikin 1910. A sabuwar bude gallery kawai a shekarar 1982. Yau aka yi amfani da matsayin Viewing dandamali da kuma gidan kayan gargajiya.

Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Bridge System

Tower Bridge, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, yana da wani tsakiyar nassi, zuwa kashi biyu dagawa reshe. Su tashi a wani kwana na 83 digiri. Godiya ga counterbalance cewa rage kokarin, da gada za a iya diluted a daya minti daya. Span aka kore wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin. Yana da aka asali mai ruwa da karfi na aiki matsa lamba na 50 mashaya. Ruwa pumped biyu tururi injuna, wanda dole a total damar 360 lita. Wannan tsarin raya Hamilton Randall Owen.

Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa inji da kuma iskar gas lighting tsarin da aka shigar da William Sugg & Co Ltd, wani sananne a Westminster. Flashlights haskaka daga farko bude gas burners a cikin su. Daga baya, da tsarin sabunta zuwa zamani Lagwani fitilu.

A na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin da aka cikakken sabunta har 1974. The kawai bangaren da cewa har yanzu yana a cikin yin amfani a yau ne karshe kaya. Su ne ke iko da wani zamani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa mota tare da giya inda man da ake amfani da maimakon ruwa. Original sunadaran da aka partially kiyaye su. su ba su yi amfani da yanzu da kuma bude wa jama'a, samar da wani dalilin da gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda yana da wata gada a London Tower Bridge.

na zamani da gada

A 1974, ya fara aiki a maye gurbin m asali inji su fitar da electrohydraulic tsarin. A 2000, wani zamani kwamfuta tsarin da aka shigar tada da ƙananan goyon bayan ramut. Amma a gaskiya shi ya juya ga zama unreliable, kuma a sakamakon wata gada akai-akai makale a bude ko rufaffiyar matsayi, yayin da a shekarar 2005 aka ba maye gurbin ta na'urori masu auna sigina.

A 2008-2012. Bridge ya halartar facelift ko, kamar yadda aka kira a cikin latsa, "facelift". Hanya dauki shekaru hudu da kuma kudin £ miliyan 4. Data kasance Paint a kan tsarin da aka sharewa saukar zuwa danda karfe. Don ta sharan ba fada cikin Thames, kowane gada sashe rufe da dazuzzuka da kuma roba fim. A zane da aka yi fentin a blue da fari. Bugu da kari, da gada ya sami wani sabon lighting zane.

gada management

Domin yadda ya kamata sarrafa da kuma tsara kogin gada motsi, yi amfani da jerin dokoki da kuma sakonni. A rana iko da aka za'ayi tare da taimakon wani ja semaphore, wanda aka sanya a kananan bukkokin a garesu na gada Piers. A dare, masu launin hasken wuta da aka yi amfani da: biyu ja - nassi ke rufe kuma biyu kore - gada ne bude. A m yanayin hasken wuta tare Gong.

Wucewa ta cikin gada na kotu, ma, muna da nuna wasu sakonni. A rana shi ne mai baki ball tare da diamita akalla 0,61 mita, kafa a wata tsawo m wa ido. A dare a cikin wannan tabo lit ja hasken wuta. A m yanayin da ake bukata mahara sakonni tururi fito jirgin.

Part na yi sigina kayan aiki ne kiyaye da yanzu, da shi aka wakilta a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya.

Abin sha'awa, da gada fiye da shekara ɗari, shi ne m wuri godiya ta zuwa ga yawa yawon bude ido da kuma har yanzu ya rike wani babban kwarara daga zirga-zirga. Kowace rana shi crosses fiye da dubu 40. Mutane (Tafiya da Kafa, cyclists, masu motoci). Domin ya kula da tsarin mutunci, akwai wani gudu da iyaka na tafiya a kan gada - ba fiye da 32 km / h - da kuma safarar nauyi - ba fiye da 18 ton.

A baya sau, da gada da aka bude a kullum da kuma fiye da sau daya. Yanzu, auku a karkashin su, ya kamata a sanar 24 hours a gaba. Opening lokaci ne aka buga a kan official website. Yi tafiya free.

Sunan gada da kuma bayyanar kasance saba, a duniya, da kuma haka sukan yi amfani da shi don talla dalilai. Alal misali, mutane da yawa makarantu an kira Tower Bridge. A musamman, da Moscow kasuwanci ma'aikata tare da m nazarin harshen Turanci. Domin da wani tunani game da ma'aikata, karanta sake dubawa game da makaranta "Tower Bridge School" bar ta ta dalibai da kuma iyayensu.

Jama'a dauki ga gada

Abin lura shi ne cewa gada Tower Bridge, ba tare da wanda yanzu zamani London ne kawai zai yiwu ba a farkon karni na 20th, kyakkyawa da yawa soki. Ya aka kira mataimakin bezdelnichestva, gurbata da pretension. Birtaniya artist da kuma zanen Frank Brangwyn ya bayyana cewa, mafi m tsarin bai taba aka gina a kan yana kokarin muhimmanci koguna.

Kamar yadda lokaci ya wuce, shi ya canja da jama'a ji na gada. Yanzu an gane da jan hankali na birnin jihar. Tarihi da kuma wani connoisseur na gine Dan Cruickshank zaba shi a matsayin daya daga cikin hudu da wuraren, wanda aka bayyana a cikin film "The mafi kyau gine-gine na Great Britain."