Montagu ta Harrier, tsuntsu na ganima iyali Accipitridae: description, mazauninsu

A wannan labarin, za mu mayar da hankali a kan tsuntsaye masu cin nama, wanda wakiltar daya daga cikin biyar jinsunan shaho nesting a sararin ƙasa na Rasha. Ta yi kawaici da waje kasar mu.

Kullum, da tsuntsaye Rasha - wata babbar dama daban-daban jinsunan samu a cikin sararin expanses kasar. Musamman cewa yanayin da yankin da take da yanayi a nan ba ka damar zaži da ya dace mazauninsu ga kowane tsuntsu jinsunan.

A farkon karni na ashirin, Montagu ta Harrier, wanda za a tattauna a wannan labarin, ya kasance mafi yawa wakilin tsuntsaye irin wannan. A halin yanzu, halin da ake ciki shi ne mafi sharri.

Rarraba da mazauninsu

Wannan tsuntsu daga shaho naúrar nasa ne a gidan Accipitridae.

Mazauninsu su fadi da isa. Montagu ta Harrier mafi yawa rarraba a cikin wadannan yankunan:

• Eurasia (gabas zuwa Altai).
• Arewa-West Africa.
• Yammacin Siberia (arewa zuwa Tyumen, Krasnoyarsk da packagings).
• Omsk yankin (ba dazukan habitats).

Saba mazauninsu - da steppe da gandun daji kusa swamps da tabkuna, rigar fadamun, da kuma daga cikin da yawa m asashe. Kawai a wasu wuraren da suka shiga ga gandun daji zone.

Lun daji: description

Wannan tsuntsu yana da wani gwada talakawan size (dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da wani hankãka, yanã lun) tare da dogon wutsiya da wani wajen babban fuka-fuki. A adult namiji (wajen a cikin 4th shekara na rayuwa) da baya yana da allo tas-blue-m launi (shi ne kadan duhu fiye da a cikin steppe), da kuma nadhvoste whitish launin toka, ko ruwan kasa mottled. Goiter, makogwaro da nono bluish-m. Tarnaƙi, ciki da kuma undertail - farar da wani m kunkuntar tsaye da juna.

A farko gaban mahovye fuka-fuki gaba daya baki, da talakawan tuƙi ne m, gefe - whitish da m giciye juna.

Sun Montagu ta Harrier yana da wani duhu-kasa-kasa dorsally, tare da Buffy gefuna a kan gashinsa. Its ventral gefen - ja ko ocher. A fika da baki - black da kafafu da kuma cere ne rawaya.

Eye Iris a adult tsuntsaye mai haske rawaya, yayin da matasa ruwan kasa. Voice of tsuntsu ko jarring ( "Pierre-Pirro -...") ko shiga ba tare da izini ba ( "ganiya-to-ganiya-to-ganiya -...").

Bambance-bambance tsakanin mace daga namiji

Mene ne waje bambance-bambance, dangane da jinsi, yana da Harrier Meadow? The mace ne yawanci ya fi girma a cikin size namiji. Bambanci a cikin launi da kuma shekaru canje-canje na mace da namiji Montagu ta Harrier ne ma muhimmanci. Babban bambancin dake tsakanin balagaggun maza (a kan 4 shekaru) cewa dorsal gefe da m-bluish launi.

Adult mace suna sosai kama da mace harriers filin, amma suna da nadhvoste brownish tsaye markings. A baya shi ne ruwan kasa da fari da dusky nadhvoste pestrinkami drop-dimbin yawa. A ciki ne whitish tsuntsu tare da m tsaye da juna. A tuƙi da flapping fuka-fuki - launin toka-kasa-kasa, da mai gangara tsiri.

Juveniles na biyu mata da maza a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa ne kusan guda waje fasali.

tsuntsaye Girma

Montagu ta Harrier yawanci yana da wani nauyi na daga 260 zuwa 380 grams. Yana da quite sauki tashi. Bishiyoyi ba zauna.

Domin ta size, wannan tsuntsu ne kasa Harrier. Overall tsawon shi ne daga 40 zuwa 52 cm, da kuma fuka-fuki da span na zuwa 115 cm. Length na wanda reshe ya kai 39 santimita.

hanyar rayuwa

Aka bayyana da migratory tsuntsaye a wuraren mazauninsu (nesting) yawanci zo a cikin marigayi Afrilu. Montagu ta harrier gina wani gida a ƙasa a cikin rigar makiyaya ko kusa da ruwa. Da suka faru a cikin kyauro.

Masonry, kunsha na 3-6 fari qwai (wani lokacin tare da launin ruwan kasa faci), shi ya auku a farkon sosai na Mayu. Tsakanin kwai-kwanciya lokaci na tsakanin daya da kuma kwanaki hudu. Incubates da qwai for game da wata daya. Abin lura shi ne cewa a wannan lokacin namiji da mace SUPPLiES da pop chick abinci.

Kullum da kajin daga cikin gida domin game da 35 days, amma wani lokacin da zai iya faruwa ko bayan 10-14 kwanaki bayan Hatching. Ko da a cikin musamman m shekaru brood ba fiye da 4 kajin. Ci matasa tsuntsaye kadangaru, kananan hakori, kwari da kuma kananan tsuntsaye.

nesting yanki

Sheƙarsu Montagu ta harrier a sararin ƙasa a Turai (England, Netherlands, Denmark, East Jamus, kudu da Sweden, da Baltic States, tsakiyar ɓangare na Turai Rasha, Hungary, Romania, da Rum, da Crimea), a Central Asia, Iran, Siberia (Tyumen) , Arewacin Afirka (Morocco da kuma Algeria) da sauransu.

Wannan migratory tsuntsu wintering kai Indiya, Pakistan da kuma Afirka (sub-saharan).

A arewacin kan iyakar da kiwo kewayon kara game da yankunan birnin Krasnoyarsk, Tara, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Pskov. A kudancin kara bayan da yankin Rasha: da jamhuriyoyin Transcaucasia yankin na Khorasan (arewa maso gabashin Iran), steppe yankuna na Asiya ta tsakiya da kuma Kazakhstan, arewa maso yammacin kasar Sin (up Dzungaria bari). Wasu yankunan su ne a Asiya Ƙananan.

farauta

Makiyaya harrier - tsuntsu cewa ko da yaushe ke farauta ita a bude sarari, circling da zaba site wajen sannu a hankali kusa da ƙasa. Saboda haka shi kullum ke farauta ita matsakaici-sized hakori, kananan tsuntsaye, kadangaru da kuma kwari.

Sau da yawa kama da ganima da mamaki, harrier a jirgin motsa tare da gefuna tsayi ciyawa. Zai sha da ganima, ya ba zato ba tsammani dama saukar, mikewa fitar da dogon fika. Haka kuma, a bambanci ga takwarorinsu (filin ko fadama harriers), wannan tsuntsu zai iya ansu rubuce-rubucen da ganima ba kawai a kan surface na duniya, amma kuma tashi a cikin iska.

Bambance-bambance daga sauran tsuntsaye

Kamar yadda riga uopminalos, Rasha ne mai girma iri-iri na tsuntsaye da yawa jinsunan shaho iyali. Babban siffofi Montagu ta Harrier - farin tabo a kan kunkuntar kugu, da jinsin taguwar juna a kan shafi gashinsa da fadi da a tsaye tsiri na fari a kan dukan tsawon na kasa da reshe. Steppe lun ma yana da irin wannan band, amma partially Heart.

Quite ɓullo da haske abin wuya, samuwa daga steppe da kuma filin harriers, da wata mace makiyaya.

A jirgin, da ya ce kaji fili bayyane baki mahovye da primary ƙege da biyu tube na duhu launi a kan ƙananan gefe na reshe.

A mafi sauki hanyar zuwa wasu Raptors rarrabe tsakanin balagaggun maza lun, wanda launin gashi na kai, mayar da reshe coverts ne ash-m launi. Shi ne mafi duhu fiye da sauran harriers. A makogwaro, gaba, na daga cikin shugaban da kirji a irin wannan kodadde m.

ƙarshe

Wannan tsuntsu zai iya yanzu za a samu sosai da wuya, da kuma a wasu wurare gaba daya bace lun.

Dalilin rage yawan tsuntsaye ne sun fi mayar da m raguwa a dama ga nesting, sunã naúrar, domin a wurare da dama bikin karfi dabbõbi tattake sheƙarsu located in m yankunan da fadamun. Har ila yau, akwai da lalata mutane da kuma karnuka, da kuma ko da makawa dalma ta kashe qwari a cikin aiki da gona. Akwai kuma wani harbi wadannan tsuntsaye.

Yau, bisa ga muhalli dokokin na Rasha Federation, Harrier kare, da kuma lalata sheƙarsu da tsuntsaye masu cin nama cewa za a caje.