Tribal ƙawance - menene wannan? Cibiyar tribal alliance Drevlyane

Tribal kungiya ta kashin - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin iri na siffofin shiri na al'umma, hade da fadada daga cikin m da zamantakewa tsarin.

Su haddasawa su ne bambance-bambance a addinai da yaruka na Slavs, kazalika da bambance-bambance a cikin hangen nesa, da kuma zaben da hanyoyi na tarihi ci gaba. Tribal ƙawance - wato a ce, a farko komo acikin mataki wajen zama a jihar.

A farko ambaci tribal ƙawance

A farko ambaci daban-daban kabilu cikin abin da yake a yanzu Rasha, sa'an nan - Rasha bayyana a cikin "Tale of bygone Years". Duk da haka, a karkashin manufar kabilu a wannan lokacin tarihin nufi kadan kuma: da Slavic al'umma sa'an nan rarraba a kan wani yankin akai, da kuma kowane "kabilar" ya kan wani yanki da kuma hada da dama jama'ar kabilunsu. "Tale of bygone Years" - labarinsa na mafi daidai bayyana a matsayin zaunar a kan ƙasa na yau Slavic kasashe, jama'ar kabilunsu na jihar.

Harsashen da ãyõyin tribal ƙawance

Modern masana tarihi sun gano wata yawan ãyõyin tribal alliance. Communities bambanta a:

• suna kuma ko da sunan da irin (yankin ko Generic).
• mazauninsu.
• kwastan da kuma dokokin na kakanninsu (wannan lokaci ya hada da jana'izar da aure bikin da kuma hadisai).
• Afrançais.

Tribal kungiya ta kashin - 'yan ƙauyuka da kuma babban digiri, shi ne irin babban birnin kasar na wani rukuni na jama'a. Na filin, misali, yafi ƙanƙara ya Kiev, yayin da Krivichy - Smolensk.

Daga cikin ra'ayi na siyasa domin a cikin tribal kungiya ta kashin rinjaye hereditary mulkinsa, wato, da miƙa mulki daga zamanin Prince (mutum mai girma) to waliyyinsa, kuma Babbansu da iyali.

Soja-tribal alliance matsayin irin tribal ƙawance

Soja-tribal alliance - wani irin tribal alliance hada da dama daga cikin wadannan al'ummomi ko sassa na kabilar to, ku kãmã ƙasa, kuma ya kare su daga ƙasa intruders. Siyasa domin irin kungiyoyin za a iya bayyana manufar "soja dimokuradiyya".

A daukan hankali misali ne lutici da suka rayu a cikin abin da yake a yanzu da Jamusanci tarayya jihohin (District Yammacin Pomerania, da Brandenburg) soja-tribal alliance. Cibiyoyin na da ƙungiyar sun Radogost da Arkona. Dalilin da ƙungiyar sun arziki ƙasar grabs. Alal misali, mutane da yawa a Denmark na shekaru masu yawa biya haraji lutici.

Kuma wannan tribal alliance a cikin marigayi goma karni, sun yi tsayayya da Jamus da mulkin mallaka da kuma jagoranci bore, haka dakatar tsari ga kusan shekara ɗari biyu.

Lutici addini, kamar mafi yawan Slavic kabilu, ya kafirci. Shi ba a san abin da lokaci zai zama matsalolin to duk makwabta yankuna da soja-tribal alliance, idan ba yakin basasa tsakanin ta memba kabilu a 11th karni. Bin wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, a baya iko da kuma tasiri alliance sauri fadi baya.

Development of tribal ƙawance a Turai

By farkon 7th karni BC cikin Turai uncoupling Slavs fara. Slavs samar da wata sabuwar kungiya ta kashin tribal iya:

• ci gaba da tsohon sunan kabila.
• kira ka Union for irin wuraren ko ƙauyuka, shan la'akari peculiarities na ƙasa.
• ba da sunan kungiyar a madadin shugaban iyalin.

Slavs zaunar mafi akai-akai tsakanin biyu kogin da tsarin, wanda yake irin iyakoki da guda jam'iyya. Kamar sake ma su matsugunni da shi ya sosai m cikin sharuddan aikin gona da raya kasa. Domin rashin ƙarƙashinsu, a cikin wasu yankunan iyakokin iya zama a matsayin swamps, m gandun daji ko duwãtsu.

Idan ya kasu kashi yankuna na tribal alliance na gabashin Slavs, shi zai zama 4 raba kungiyoyin:

• arewacin tribal al'umma wanda abun da ke ciki na iya hada kalmomi, Krivichy da Polotsk.
• tsakiyar ga abin da muka miƙa Vyatichi, Dregovichi da Radimichi.
• West, kunsha na fari Croats, kuma Burza volynyan.
• m tribal ƙawance, ciki har da a membobinsu yan Arewa Drevlyane, filayen da Ulichi.

Key tribal kungiya ta kashin na Eastern Slavs

, названия которых на слуху у каждого образованного человека. Mai gyaran drevlyans, vyatichi - wani tribal kungiya ta kashin, waɗanda sunayensu sukan ji a kowane ilimi mutum. Wadannan su ne kashin, wanda zai so a ja hankalin dalibai a nazarin tarihi, da kuma cewa shi ne watakila mafi kyau tuna. Hakika, tribal ƙawance sun yafi. By da 10th karni, da lambar ya girma sosai, kuma ya sanya cewa da yawa, ko da makwabtaka da ƙawance riga fafitikar fahimci juna ta yare. Da aka fi gabatar da bayanai a kan wadannan kabilu:

• buzhans.
• Volhynians.
• vyatichi.
• drevlyans.
• Dregovichi.
• Duleby.
• Ilmen Slovenes.
• krivichi.
• share.
• rodimichi.
• yan Arewa.
• Tivertsy.
• Ulichi.

A babban aikin da na gabashin Slavs tribal ƙawance

Hakika, da dalilin da ayyukan da mutane na cewa lokaci ya noma. Mai gyaran drevlyans, vyatichi - wani tribal ƙawance girma a wuraren da yawa daga hatsi da kayan lambu da amfanin gona. Wanne suna mamaye da alkama, buckwheat, hatsin rai. Wadãta girma kabeji da karas, radish, kabeji. A kabilan riga amfani ga ayyukan noma graters, dutsen niƙa, sickles da hoes.

A steppe yankuna Pashneva ba tsunduma da canjawa namo, da ɗan kama da maƙalutu-da-kuna: ta kona da kuma yankan shuke-shuke da aka barrantar yanki for girma amfanin gona da kuma ash yana da halitta taki.

Eastern Slavic kabilan tsunduma a farauta, kama kifi, dabba husbandry da kuma apiculture. Yawan handicrafts da cinikayya. Ciniki da gudummawar da gaban irin wannan iko shipping jijiya, a matsayin Dnieper.

Features salon kwadago a matsayin misali Drevlyane

Drevlyans - tribal alliance, shagaltar da ƙasa na zamani Ukrainian Polesye kuma Dama-Bank Ukraine. A cikin ƙasa na tribal alliance tafi Kogin 4:

• Ubort.
• Too.
• Shift.
• Takaddamarsu.

Tare da makwabta Drevlyane kwadago sun Dregovichi, Volhynians da buzhans. Sunan "drevlyans" chroniclers bayyana gaban a cikin gandun daji na sa ƙungiyar yankuna da kuma fassara a matsayin "gandun daji mutane".

Cibiyar Drevlyane tribal alliance - wani tudun Korosten. Overall Drevlyansky tribal alliance kunshi 24 ƙauyuka.

Drevlyans ya zama shahararren godiya ga "Tale of bygone Years" da kuma aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki, a yaki da shigarwa na Kievan Rus 'da kuma Kaddamar da haraji. Da farko m kabilan hõre wani haraji ga Oleg, amma bayan mutuwarsa drevlyans waive da fee, kuma Prince Igor, wadanda suka yi kokarin mallake su, ya ƙwace kisan gilla, tsage gida biyu. Daga baya shugabanni Drevlyansky kabilar kokarin woo wa bazawara.

A Kievan Rus drevlyans shiga a lokacin da Princess Olga, to saka mijinta da kuma binne da rai Drevlyansky jakadun. Duk da haka, wannan bai dakatar da Dowager Duchess, kuma a cikin wannan "Tale of bygone Years" Nestor bayyana kona drevlyan Korosten babban birnin kasar: tattabarai, ya kõmo zuwa Drevlyansky Center, suka a haɗe guda na kona ja da launin toka. A lokacin wata wuta kashe fiye da dubu huɗu mutane. Shi ne mai hukunci lokacin, bayan da ya faru shiga tribal alliance Drevlyane zuwa Kiev.

Archaeologists kuma har yanzu sami binnewa tudun Drevlyane: musamman da aka binne su shi ne cewa marigayin da aka cremated bayan mutuwa, ragowar aka zuba a cikin wani lãka akwatin jefa kuri'a da kuma binne shi a cikin duhun tudun ƙasa.

ƙarshe

Tribal kungiya ta kashin - da ra'ayi, da kuma wannan rana, ban sha'awa to tarihi da ethnographers. Yana bautarka a alkuki a cikin nazarin zamani archaeologists da kuma masana ilimin harsuna.