United Arab Jamhuriyar da abun da ke ciki. The gashi na makamai da kuma tsabar kudi na United Arab Jamhuriyar

United Arab Jamhuriyar aka kafa a shekarar 1958 a matsayin wani ɓangare na Misira da kuma Siriya, da kuma dade har 1961, lokacin da karshen tsallake daga shi bayan juyin mulkin. Misira ci gaba da za a hukumance da aka sani da United Arab Jamhuriyar har 1971.

Fage hada

Fabrairu 1, 1958 wani rukuni na siyasa da kuma soja shugabannin Siriya miƙa wa shugaban kasar Masar Gamal Abdel Nasser ci na kasashen biyu a matsayin mataki na farko a kan hanyar zuwa babban kwanon rufi-Arab jihar.

Jin zuciya to gama duk Larabawa sun al'ada kasance karfi sosai a Syria, da kuma Nasser ya da wani sanannen jagoran a cikin Larabawa duniya bayan da Suez War a 1956. Jam'iyyar Larabawa Socialist Renaissance (Baath) shi ne babban proponent irin wannan jam'iyya.

Duk da yake a Syria, akwai rikitarwa a tsakanin baiwa, da wuri gurguzun da jam'iyyar abin da aka mulki Baath Party, wanda ya samu wani ciki rikicin daga wanda ta shahararren mambobi sun nemi ceto a cikin nau'i na kawance da Misira. Syria ya kasance mai mulkin demokraɗiyya kasar tun da kifar da gwamnatin soja a shekarar 1954, amma soja na ci gaba da wasa a gagarumar rawar a kasar a dukkan matakai. Wannan bai dace da basu baye da yiwuwa ga mulkin Nasser, wanda aspired zuwa cikakken hada da Syria a yanzu a karkashin shugabancinsa, "Bamasaren" tsarin gwamnati.

Fara jam'iyya

Karshe sharuddan for Nasser Union sun muhimmanci da kuma wadanda ba Negotiable:

• raba gardama a kan mutane ta goyon bayan daidaituwa na kasashen biyu;
• da rushe daga cikin jam'iyyun.
• janyewar sojojin daga siyasa.

Duk da yake raba gardama da jũna m gwargwado mafi na Syria Elite, na karshe biyu sharuddan da ta musamman firgita. Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa su tallafi iya halakar da rayuwar siyasa a Syria. Duk da wa] annan al'amurran, Syria sun san shi ya zama da latti to jũya. Elite a Syria dauke da wani ci tare da Misira a matsayin karami na biyu mũnanan ayyuka, a matsayin wata hanya zuwa ga tsayayya da karfafa rinjayar da gurguzu. Sun yi imani da cewa Nasser yanayi sun m, amma, ba karfi matsa lamba a cikin nasu kasa, yi imani da cewa ba su da sauran zabi.

Shugaban kasar Masar Nasser da Syria shugaban Kuatli 01/02/1958 aka sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar na farko zuwa ci kasashensu. Ko da yake a hannu da'awarsu, yana nufin cewa United Arab Jamhuriyar ne daga Misira da kuma Siriya, amma ya jaddada cewa, a cikin UAR iya shiga kowane daga cikin kasashen Larabawa. Da aka gudanar a cikin wannan watan, kasashen biyu ta jaddada goyon bayan su ga kungiyar tarayyar kuri'ar raba gardama na ga mutãnensu.

Nasser ya zama shugaban kasa na United Arab Jamhuriyar, kuma nan da nan ya fara da danniya da Syria gurguzun da abokan adawar na jam'iyya, wanda aka sallame su daga posts.

Da ainihin yi na gina tsarin siyasa SAR

Magoya bayan da ƙungiyar da Misira yi imani da cewa Nasser yana amfani da su Baath Party don sarrafa Syria (a cikin hoto a kasa shi ne aka nuna a cikin kamfanin tare da kafa jam'iyyar a 1958). Abin baƙin ciki a gare Baathists, ya niyyar ya ba raba ikon daidai tsakanin Masarawa da Suriyawa. Nasser kafa wani sabon wucin kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, bisa ga abin da United Arab Jamhuriyar ya samu majalisar dokokin (majalisa) daga 600 mambobi (400 daga Misira da kuma 200 daga Syria), da kuma narkar da duk Syria jam'iyyun siyasa ciki har da Baath. The kawai doka jam'iyyar a United Arab Jamhuriyar ya pro-shugaban National Union.

Syria da kuma Misira ne biyu unequal sassa UAR

Ko da yake Nasser da kuma yarda da tsohon mambobi ne na Baath Party zuwa zauna da matsayi mai daraja a cikin Tsarin ikon, amma sun taba kai cewa nauyi management a nasu kasashen Masar da jami'an. A cikin hunturu da kuma bazara na 1959-60 gg. Nasser sannu a hankali "matse daga" na shahararren Suriyawa to muhimmanci matsayi. The Syrian Ma'aikatar Industry, misali, bakwai daga cikin goma sha uku matsayi aka cika ta da Masarawa. Gaba Petroleum Administration, hudu na saman shida shugabannin sun Masarawa.

Tattali hira UAR

A cikin watan Yuni 1960, Nasser yunkurin aiwatar da tattalin arzikin da ake zaton kawo Syria tattalin arzikin bisa zaman kansa dukiya, to Misira, dangane da dominance na gwamnati a cikinsa. Nasser hau a wani mataki mai kalaman na nationalization a Siriya da kuma a Misira. A wannan yanayin, ra'ayi na Syria Elite watsi. Duk da auduga cinikayya da aka sanya a karkashin iko na gwamnatin, shi ma aka yi nationalized duk shigo da fitarwa m. Nasser ya sanar da nationalization na bankuna, kamfanonin inshora da kuma dukan manyan masana'antu. Allotments kan 100 feddans (1 feddan = 4200m ²⁾ ne batun janyewar daga masu (peculiar form "dekulakization" a harshen Larabci). Haraji a kan manoma da aka sharply rage vpolot don kammala kauda tashe, a wasu lokuta. Devyanostoprotsentny haraji da aka shigar a kan dukkan kudin shiga sama da 10,000 Masar fam. Ma'aikata da ma'aikata da aka shigar ga sha'anin management da hakkin ya sami 25% na ribar. A talakawan lokaci aka kuma rage zuwa sa'o'i bakwai ba tare da rage Hakkin.

Height antiegipetskih jin zuciya

Ba kowa son a Syria kama canji a cikin ruhun "Arab gurguzanci". Jami'an sojojin Syria tuhumce ya zama ƙarƙashin matsayi a gaban Masar jami'an, da kuma Syria makiyayi kabilu sun samu kudi daga Saudi Arabia su hana su daga zama masu biyayya ga Nasser. Bugu da kari, ƙasar garambawul a Masar style kai ga rasuwar Syria da aikin noma, da gurguzun sake fara samun rinjaye, da kuma masana na Baath Party, wanda da farko goyon ƙungiyar canza su yanayi.

A lokaci guda a Misira, da halin da ake ciki ya fi kyau tare da kara GDP da kashi 4.5% da kuma m girma da masana'antu ta hanyar ci gaban da ta Sham kasuwar. Wannan ma da gudummawar da ci gaban da ke damunsu a Syria.

Hulda da makwabta

A sabuwar kafa United Arab Jamhuriyar aka sani a matsayin barazana ga makwabta mulkokin (a lokacin) - Iraki da kuma Jordan. Syria ake gani a matsayin tushen biyu monarchies manakisa ta juyin juya halin da kuma wani tsari ga maƙarƙashiya aiki da Jordan Sarki Hussein da kuma Iraqi monarch Faisal II. Misira da aka kullum dauke a matsayin jihar maƙiya a kasashen yamma, don taimaka wa duka biyu da monarchical tsarin mulki. Saboda haka, United Arab Jamhuriyar kuma Jordan, dauke da Iraki a matsayin kai tsaye abokin gaba. Kasashen biyu sun riga antinaserovsky soja ƙawance da wata hadade soja umurninSa, kuma guda tsaro kasafin kudin da aka kafa a watan Fabrairu 1958, 80% daga abin da yake a samar da Iraki da sauran 20% - Jordan. A gaskiya ma, akwai hukumar na kasashen biyu, duk da haka, da sauri fadi baya.

M maraba halittar UAR da kuma a kasashen Lebanon, wanda shugaban kasa, Kamil Shamun, aka yi tsayayya da zuwa Nasser. A kasar, fada ya barke tsakanin magoya bayan Accession da United Arab Jamhuriyar da kuma magoya bayan na 'yancin kai.

Juyin juya halin a kasar Iraki

Yuli 14, 1958 Iraqi jami'an halshen wani juyin mulki da kuma hambarar da gwamnatin daular mulkinsu a ƙasar. Nasser nan da nan gane da sabuwar gwamnatin da ya ce, "duk wani hari a kan kasar Iraki zai zama tamkar wani hari a kan United Arab Jamhuriyar." Kashegari, US sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa da kuma Birtaniya sojojin komai a fili a Lebanon da kuma Jordan kare kasashen biyu daga hari pronaserovskih sojojin.

Nasser zaci cewa United Arab Jamhuriyar aka zarar kara wani sabon memba - Iraki. Duk da haka, sabon Iraqi jagoranci, ganin makomar su Syria takwarorinsu a cikin United Arab Jamhuriyar, ya ba jinkirin daina iko. Kuma a 1959, da Firayim ministan Iraqi, Kassem tsaya duk tattaunawa a kan Accession da United Arab Jamhuriyar.

A shekarar 1963, bayan zuwan masu iko a Syria da kuma Iraqi, wakilan da Baath Party, wani sabon yunkuri ne gama wadannan kasashe da kuma Misira an Kanmu. Ko da shugabannin kasashen uku hannu hadin gwiwa sanarwa a kan kafa Tarayya. Amma sai da sauyin da bai motsa saboda wasu bambance-bambance tsakanin kasashen game da gosustroystve sabon ƙasar.

A auka na SAR da mabiyi

Satumba 28, 1961 wani gungun jami'an na aiwatar da wani juyin mulki da kuma ayyana 'yancin kai daga United Arab Jamhuriyar Syria. Yayin da juyin mulki da shugabannin kasance a shirye su ci gaba da wanzuwar na kungiyar tarayyar a kan wani yanayi da ya sanya Syria kan daidai gabãtarwar da Misira, amma Nasser ya ki wannan jayayya. Ya asali nufin tura dakaru kifar da sabuwar gwamnatin, amma ya ki yin haka da zaran an sanar da cewa na karshe na kawayenta a Syria gane da sabuwar gwamnatin. A jawabai da suka biyo zanga-zangar Syria, Nasser ya bayyana cewa ba zai daina burin su na karshe kwanon rufi-Arab alliance. Duk da haka, ba zai kai sabon ri samun ci gaba da wannan manufa.

Nasser fatan Tarurrukan Union, nuna a gaskiyar cewa a lokacin da yake Misira ci gaba da za a kira "SAR", wanda dade har 1971.

Wani sabon yunkurin hada kan kasashen Larabawa ya yi niyya a cikin 70s, shugaban Libya Muammar Gaddafi. A matsayin sakamako na kokarin zo Federation of Arab jamhuriyoyin a 1971 (AFD) a matsayin wani ɓangare na Libya, Misira da kuma Siriya, wanda dade har 1977 (a cikin photo kasa da shugabannin kasashen uku rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya a kan Federation). Wannan ilimin ya na declarative yanayi, wani janar PAR controls bai wanzu ba, da kuma mambobin aka kullum nemi a kammala da hadin wance (Libya, Misira, Syria, Misira) a cikin Tarayya. Libya da kuma Misira ma yana da wani bit yi wasu yãƙi, a 1977, da sauran membobin da FAR.

United Arab Jamhuriyar: gashi na makamai da kuma flag

UAR soma wani flag dangane da zane na Larabawa Liberation flag tashe a lokacin Masar juyin juya halin a 1952, amma da biyu taurari wakiltar biyu sassa na United Arab Jamhuriyar. Tun shekara ta 1980 ya ke da hukuma tutar Syria. A shekarar 1963, kasar Iraki soma wani flag cewa ya kusan m zuwa flag daga cikin United Arab Jamhuriyar riga rusasshiyar, amma tare da uku da taurari, wakiltar da bege cewa a united kasar, zai warke.

SAR ya gashi na makamai, da tsakiyar adadi daga abin da yake haka. Kira. Eagle na Saladin - mikiya, ya mayar da dacewa Bas-taimako a yamma bango na Alkahira kagara gina ta Salahuddin. A gaggafa ta nono garkuwa ne tare da uku a tsaye launin ratsi - ja, da fari da baki, da kuma biyu kore taurari a tsakiyar farin stripe. Wadannan hudu launuka suna haka. Kira. "Pan-Arab launuka", wanda suka launuka daban-daban na flags Larabawa Khalifanci.

A kore kintinkiri a fika gaggafa jẽfa wani rubutu a Larabci haruffa. "United Arab Jamhuriyar"

Abin da kudi da aka tafiya a cikin jama'a da ilimi, kamar yadda da United Arab Jamhuriyar? Tsabar kudi a cikin ƙungiyõyi na daya Masar kore da kuma daya Syria Dinar rubuce da wani daidai wurare dabam dabam a cikin United Arab Jamhuriyar, ko da yake su ainihin amfani da aka sarrafa zuwa dacewa sassa na kasar.
A hoto sama nuna tsabar kudin na daya laba, saki a cikin United Arab Jamhuriyar (Misira) a shekarar 1970 bayan mutuwar shugaban kasar Nasser.