Vaz-2101. A almara "Kopeika"

"Zhiguli" Vaz-2101 - Soviet subcompact mota, na farko model, halitta a karkashin lasisi daga Italian damuwa "Fiat" a kan tushe model Fiat 124. The mota da aka samar daga 1971 zuwa 1982, kawai 2.7 miliyan raka'a aka tattara, kuma ta haka, da mota iya gaskiya da za a daukarsa a kasa. Kamar wancan ne da kudin na na'ura kasance a ajiye tare da matsayi. Basic "Kopeika" Vaz-2101, kamar yadda shi ne ake kira masu motoci wanda ya soma dukan iyali na Vaz model, wannan m 2102, inganta Vaz-2103, an kyautata 2106 model a 2105 da kuma 2107. Duk da su suna tafiya a kan shasi 2101 ta amfani da sigogi da kuma halaye na tabbatar da " dinari. "

Yarjejeniyar da Italian mota damuwa

A watan Agusta na shekarar 1966, da Moscow sashen na harkokin ciniki sanya hannu a kwangila lasisi tare da Italian kamfanin "Fiat" a kan hadin gwiwa a fannin ba da fasinja mota samar. Domin gina da kwangila amince da aikin a kan shuka a cikin Tarayyar Soviet don samar da uku model na samfur Fiat 124: Vaz-2101 fasinja mota (sedan), Vaz-2102 (wagon) da kuma alatu mota - Vaz-2103.

"Fiat 124" da kuma Rasha hanyoyi

Lokacin da Italian Fiat 124 da aka dauka a kan Rasha hanyoyi don yawan sigogi na gwaji, da sakamakon su m. The inji ba za a iya sarrafa tsananin a kashe-hanya da yanayi na Tarayyar Soviet.

Babban matsalar ne kasa ƙarfi daga cikin akwatin jiki sanya daga bakin ciki karfe, gazawar raya Disc birki da kuma low yarda. Jikin kawai unstuck lokacin da tuki a kan potholes da bumps, ta yi aka tsara domin widest yiwu taga takware gaba da raya windows, bakin ciki strut ba sa "dõmin karkatarwa" motsa jiki. Rear birki kawai bai yi aiki ba, da kuma low inji pellet aka haddasa tasirin a kan ƙasa mai kwanon rufi da kuma gaban aksali protruding abubuwa.

A sakamakon gwajin nan gaba model Vaz-2101, da halaye na waɗanda suke cikin bukatar kyautata, tsiwirwirinsu da raya birki drum, da tafiya tsawo an karu da 30 millimeters, da kuma jiki, maimakon tabo waldi, tafasa yanzu cikakken a kan duk sadarwa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, rabawa shaft na engine koma daga kasa zuwa sama, shi da aka yi domin saukaka wa Soviet mota masu amfani wanda a 'daidaita bawul din clearances. A tsari ne mai sauki, cire iska tace daga kafireta da camshaft cover zama cikakken m. Mun ya kwance da takwas sukurori, presses shi zuwa engine block. Bayan cire murfin scrolled crankshaft a wani takamaiman juna, a dama da oda, saboda haka cewa bawuloli ake alternately saki. Kowane bawul aka gwada wa da rata tsakanin shi da ana kira rocker shaft. yarda rage ko ya karu idan ya cancanta. Da zarar gibba aka gwada a kan duk bawuloli, da murfi rufe, saita mayar da iska tace, da kuma mota da aka shirya domin kara aiki.

A farko shida kofe na model Vaz-2101, wanda ya gabatar da photo a cikin labarin, tattara a watan Afrilu 1970, bututun da aka gwada a watan Agusta, kuma a kan sa, amma ba ta da cikakken iya aiki, taron shagon zo gaba, a 1971. Duk da yake 172.176 motocin da aka samar. A shekarar 1972, taron line ya sauka 379.008 motoci, kuma a cikin cike da karfi da shuka sanã'anta a shekara ta 1974. A cikin shakka daga samar da tsarin da aka inganta, kammalã Paint fasaha, mafi kyau kayan da aka zaba domin cika soundproofing da kuma inganta overall matakin na ta'aziyya.

Indexing

Domin Indexing motoci samar a factory a Togliatti, an yanke shawarar a yi amfani da lissafin kudi matsayin daidai da daftarin aiki na ma'aikatar masana'antu mota masana'antu - OH 025270-66, wanda dauke da dokokinta abin hawa rarrabuwa.

Kamar yadda ya umurci, kowane sabon model dole ne a sanya wani lamba hušu zuwa takwas, biyu na farko lambobi - nadi aji na'ura da kuma ta dalili. A na gaba biyu Figures - wani model. Kowane hawa yana sanya wani m gyara, na biyar lambobi, bi da bi lambar. Operation na Vaz-2101 aka fi mayar dogara a kan index lambobi kamar inji aka rarraba bisa ga yanayin zones. Shida index adadi suturta wani dauri sauyin yanayi: 1 - Cold, 6 - fitarwa mota domin matsakaici yanayi, 7 - fitarwa version na yammacin sahara, 8 da 9 - ajiye matsayi ga sauran fitarwa gyare-gyare. Mutane daya-daya da inji ake kira a matsayin tsaka, wani yawan hade - 01, 02, 03, 04 da kuma sauransu. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, wadda ta gabãta daga wani sa na dijital rubuta cewa kayyade shuka cewa har abada nuna wannan model na mota.

ikon shuka

Vaz-2101 model sanye take da vysokooborotisty fetur engine damar 64 lita. wani., tare da Silinda damar 1300 cc. cm. A zane na maimaita asali sigogi na tartsatsi a cikin-line, hudu-Silinda injuna. Lokaci kunshi tuki kaya, da tensioning inji, camshaft da cams, sakamakon yunkuri na bawuloli. Lubrication tabbatar da famfo da koran da matsa man fetur a ko'ina cikin engine tsarin. Sanyaya aka za'ayi amfani da maganin daskarewa type "maganin daskarewa" circulating a cikin rufaffiyar kewaye da nassi ta hanyar lagireto. Fuel cakuda ciyar da monogastric diffuser carburetor "Weber". Ƙonewa samar fil-type Rotary chopper alaka su fitar da man fetur famfo. A general, da engine kasance abin dogara powertrain, tattali da kuma m don kula.

watsa

Vaz-2101 aka kafa a manual 4-gudun gearbox da wadannan kaya rabo:

• 3,75 - na farko canja wuri.
• 2.30 - biyu kaya;
• 1,49 - uku kaya;
• 1,00 - hudu (kai tsaye) watsa;
• 3,87 - Baya kaya;
• gaba kaya - helical profile, ya shagaltar da m;
• Baya kaya - kai tsaye;
• synchro - a duk watsa, sai dai da baya.
• ya sauya sheka iko - waje liba.

Transmission na juyawa a kan raya ƙafafun

Vaz-2101 samar kawai a raya dabaran drive embodiment. Karfin juyi yana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar da propeller shaft da Hadakar goyon baya. Crossings tare da allura bearings an tsakiya tsakanin hob da flange da planetary kaya. Ta hanyar da bambanci juyawa yana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa biyu na baya-aksali Semi-axis hade da birki ganguna, wanda tare da hudu kusoshi lazimta ƙafafun.

braking tsarin

Jamhuriyar hydraulics, karfe bututu, Disc calipers a gaban da ganguna a raya. Wannan ne braking tsarin Vaz-2101, wani tasiri da kuma sanyata m. Front Disc birki unventilated, iron yi, a hade tare da cibiya, bayar da nisan miloli ba tare da sauyawa tare da wata hanya na 60 kilomita dubu. Caliper gaban birki kunshi tukwanen gas guda biyu tare da pistons samovozvraschayuschimisya cewa, a karkashin mataki na pressured na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa birki kushin, latsa su zuwa Disc a garesu.

Rear birki Vaz-2101, drum, kai-gudãnar, kunshi biyu gammaye, birki cylinders da kuma kai tsaye ganga a kan wanda ƙafafun aka saka. Don raya wheel birki sunadaran da aka ciyar da eccentric hannunka birki, wanda aka haɗa ta da wani m na USB zuwa liba-tensioner saka a cikin gida tsakanin gaban kujeru.

shasi

Front dakatar Vaz-2101, mai zaman kanta, ta kunshi biyu niƙe levers saka a kan wani gaban firam ta hanyar shiru-tubalan. Manya da ƙananan makamai suna da alaka da stub aksali ball bearings. Hagu da kuma dama liba biyu hadawa musamman profiled mashaya-yi, Threaded ta hanyar da roba grommets. Manufar wannan na'urar ne zuwa sha vibrations na gaba dakatar.

Rear dakatar Vaz-2101, Pendulum, hada da makamai a haɗa da jiki da kuma raya aksali baka na hinjis bisa ga ka'ida da hulda. Har ila yau, da raya aksali da kuma jiki ta haɗu da mai gangara katako kwanciyar hankali, ba kyale ƙafafun su motsa a kwance jirgin sama dangi zuwa ga jiki.

Duka gaba da raya dakatar karfafa da karfe helices juya, a hade tare da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa dampers.

The kudin na Vaz-2101

Mafi yawa daga cikin motoci zuwa saukar da taro line a Togliatti, riga sau da yawa aka overhauled. The rauni aya daga cikin Vaz-2101, tabbatar da wannan hoto, gaba fenders, wanda su ne batun tsatsa a wurare sama da dabaran baka, kazalika da ƙofofi, wanda ake talauci kare da ingress na ruwa da kuma datti. Kuma duk da haka, a kan dukan abin dogara mota har yanzu sayi da sayar. Vaz-2101, farashin wanda dabam a cikin wasu iyaka, za a iya saya daga hannun ko a cikin shago domin sayar da amfani da motoci. Wasu da-sa kofe, a rarity ãyõyi iya zama m isa ya saya da su, yafi ga tarin, ba domin tafiye-tafiye. Tsohon mota Vaz-2101, bukata gyara, kudin game da dubu 20 rubles. Inji kan tafi, in mai kyau yanayin, kiyasta mafi tsada a cikin kewayon 30-80 dubu rubles, da kuma rare, tare da impeccable ciki, shiru engine da yũlã bayyananniya waje Yunƙurin a farashin da har zuwa 150 000 rubles, da kuma wani lokacin mafi girma.