Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve. Yaroslavl Jihar Historical-Zanen da kuma Art Museum-Reserve

Yana janyo hankalin masu yawa matafiya a yau Yaroslavl. Yawon shakatawa, da bayanin abin da za a iya samu a kowane yawon shakatawa kasida ne faranta wa ido baƙi da kuma yan unguwa ba su daidaita. A daya daga cikinsu za mu yi magana a yau.

Matafiya duba wuraren Yaroslavl, kawai ba zai iya taimaka amma lura da Transfiguration Cathedral, dake a cikin zuciya na cikin birnin.

Kuma su ne wani lokacin mamakin sanin cewa ginin ba ya kasance a cikin coci da kuma gidan kayan gargajiya. Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci al'adu cibiyoyin a birnin Yaroslavl. Bugu da kari, shi ne wani muhimmin yawon bude ido. An ziyarci kowace shekara kimanin 600 da dubu. Man. Cikakken sunan wannan gidan kayan gargajiya, ba zato ba tsammani, ba da sauki: "Yaroslavl Jihar Historical-Zanen da kuma Art Museum-Reserve."

taƙaitaccen bayanin

Wannan al'adu site tun shekarar 1959 da aka located a cikin zuciya na gari, a cikin wani gini a baya sun shagaltar da Mai Ceto-Transfiguration sufi, wanda aka soke a 1787. A arziki tarihi na rubuce-rubucen da gumaka, coci kayayyakinsa da m yadudduka, kazalika da ayyukan tsoho art mallakar da gidan kayan gargajiya. A da karkararta ne wani gini na zuwa farkon 16th karni da kuma shi ne mafi tsufa tsira a cikin hadaddun. Yana Transfiguration Cathedral. A gidan kayan gargajiya ma ya hada da 6 majami'u da suke da muhimmanci Monuments na art da kuma gine na 17th karni.

tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya

A 1865, 12 (25) A kan Janairu, shi da aka bude da Society, halitta halitta-tarihi nazari na lardin (cikakken sunan da ya yi wa so ba), da farko gidan kayan gargajiya. Its kafa ya Petrovskiy Andrey Stanislavovich, farfesa na halitta tarihi. Society a 1901 sake masa suna a cikin halitta tarihi, da kuma babban entomological tarin aka kafa bayan wancan. Natural History Museum ne a farkon karni na 20th, daya daga cikin mafi girma a gidajen tarihi a Rasha, located a lardin.

A 1895 da ya halitta Drevnehranilische. Shi ne mai tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda manufa - da kariya da kuma nazari na al'adu da tarihi da al'adunmu na yankin. Da tarin kunshi 100 farfado a 1895, da kuma a shekara ta 1914 shi ya karu riga zuwa 12 dubu abubuwa.

A 1924, biyu gidajen tarihi tare da kuma kafa Yaroslavl Jihar Regional Museum. Tsohon Drevlekhranilishche (Historical da kuma archaeological Museum), da gidan kayan gargajiya na zamanin d art (bude a watan Disamba 1919, art gallery), halitta tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya da kuma gudanar da bincike library kunshe a abun da ke ciki. Ya fara musulunta a 1928 Gubernsky gidan kayan gargajiya management.

A sakamakon haka, ya faru a cikin karni na 20th, da yawa rikirkida cewa al'adu abu ya samu matsayi na ajiye.

Transfiguration sufi

A wani musamman gine-gine gungu, wanda yake a baya a sufi, located manyan gidan kayan gargajiya nuni da amfani a gare mu. Daya daga cikin mafi kyau gine-gine da Monuments na kasar mu ne Spaso-Preobrazhensky sufi da aka gina a 1516.

Ya yi umurni da gina Basil III, grand yarima. Aiki ne da za'ayi da Moscow ƙungiya, karkashin jagorancin Italian master. Ya kasance daga waɗanda cewa kerata a lokacin da Moscow Kremlin. A zamanin mulkin Ivana Groznogo murals kasance a cikin haikali. Su aka za'ayi a 1563 1564. Shi ne daya daga biyu suke dashi gungu na alfarma da zanen, nufin wannan lokaci, da kuma daya kadai da cikakken ingancin danganta (mun san sunayen da artists zane-zane kwanan). Gina a cikin nau'i na garu mai ƙarfi a cikin 16th karni ƙananan ɓangare na belfry ba wasu ra'ayin game da irin wannan Tsarin alaka da gine na Ancient Rus. Kammala a cikin farkon karni na 19th, cikin sama ɓangare yana da wani Viewing dandamali, da daya ne kawai na irin a Yaroslavl. Yana ba ka damar ganin dukkan kare ɓangare na birnin, wanda aka kunshe a UNESCO ta jerin abubuwa na duniya al'adu muhimmanci.

Refectory da sauran Monuments na ajiye

Shafi cikin 1516 Refectory aka gina shi a kan model dake a cikin Moscow Kremlin Palace of fuskoki dabam-dabam. A Monuments na 16th karni, kamar Mai Tsarki Gate, sansanin soja hasumiya gungu (na farko, kuma farkon), babban ƙofar sufi, wani ɓangare na kufaifan na gungu. By da 17th karni da dangantaka Uglichskaya hasumiya, wanda yana da tafiya mafi girma baka a kan kasa part (da shi bauta ga tafiya daga Uglich a kan Yaroslavskyy posad) da kuma Bogoroditskaya hasumiyar da manyan vault, a cikin abin da, yiwu a tsakiyar zamanai fara hanya ƙarƙashin layin dogo.

5 karin Monuments na 17th karni, shi ne girman kai na Yaroslavl, wani bangare ne na wannan ajiye. Sun bayyana daban-daban, saukarwa a cikin ci gaban da Yaroslavl makaranta murals da kuma haikali gine. Waɗannan su ne coci kamar yadda Nikola Nadeina game da 1622 (da murals aka sanya a 1640), da Nativity, gina a shekarar 1644 (a 1682 aka sanya murals), Iliya Annabi (shekara na yi - 1650 th), Ioanna Predtechi, gabatar a cikin hoto a kasa (shekara na yi - 1687 th, murals sanya a 1696 da kuma 1700 bi da bi) da kuma Epiphany (da murals kasance a 1693, kazalika da gini kansa).

Bari mu yi magana game da m tarin, wanda yayi baƙi da Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve.

adalci

Bayan ziyartar wannan nuni, za ka ga abin da adalci ya yawa da suka wuce, da kuma za su zama kai tsaye takara a wannan m mataki. Za ka iya zuwa a matsayin mai saye, sayarwa, barkers, kazalika da sauran mahalarta na adalci. Za a wasu daga cikin abubuwan a cikin hannãyenku. Geary da steelyards yar tsana "m" da kuma "fentin sadakin", matakan da ruwan inabi, da korenushki, kazalika da yawa wasu rarities za a iya gani a cikin wannan nuni.

Kila duk wanda ya taba ji game da ko ziyarci da adalci a kan shi (da kuma a yau da suka rike gaskiya). Abin sha'awa, kuma abin da motsin zuciyarmu da kuma tunani evoked da kalmar "adalci" muku? Hakika, shi ne mai kira, amo da dariya. "The Scream", ta hanyar - manufar wata sana'a. Saboda haka yan kasuwa da kuma hawkers kira faxin, tare da wanda suka sayar da kaya. Shin ka san a lokacin da mutane na farko ya fara zuwa saya da kuma sayar, da kuma abin da kayayyakin da aka nuna a cikin waɗannan zamanin da su sayar? A amsoshin wadannan da wasu tambayoyi za ka samu ta hanyar ziyartar wannan nuni, wanda zai gabatar da ka kusa da hadisai na Rasha birane kamar Yaroslavl. Reviews bayar da shawarar cewa shi zai zama mai ban sha'awa duka biyu yara da kuma manya.

"The sarauta, County, lardin"

Wannan shi ne wani lura nuni da cewa ya gabatar da baƙi zuwa al'adu, tattalin arziki da siyasa da tarihin na yankin a cikin lokaci daga 16th to 19th ƙarni. The uku dakuna an gabatar da turakun a cikin tarihi dangane da wannan lokaci. Za ka koyi yadda za a duba a lokacin da fannoni daban daban na Yaroslavl, fiye da da aka rubuta a cikin Yaroslavl yankin a zamanin mulkin Ivana Groznogo, ensuing lokaci da matsaloli da kuma "Golden Age" na birni (17 minutes), a kan tushen da lardin, kazalika da game wanda ya zama na farko gwamnan.

Wannan nuni buga asali buga da kuma handwritten littattafai na 17-19 ƙarni, m waje da kuma Rasha sojoji, duk-Russian gumaka na tsarkaka da kuma shugabannin Yaroslavl, samfurori da art maƙera, kuma silversmiths Jewelers da iyali abubuwa, wanda amfani da mazaunan tsohon birnin a matsayin Yaroslavl. Reviews na ziyartar nuni kawai m - akwai wani abu a ga.

Masu ziyara wasu fiye da na sama, gani-Sikeli tsabar kudi da aka minted a cikin birnin a lokacin da suka tsaya a cikinsa mayakan Minin da Pozharsky (watau a cikin 1612), a lokacin da 4 watanni Yaroslavl ya zama na wucin gadi babban birnin kasar na dukan ƙasar. musamman Swedish tsabar kudin da matsayin da-farantin 8 talers wanda nauyi ne 16 kg (shi yana nufin 1659 a shekara); kazalika da babban kocin, wanda sanya Faransa Masters na 18th karni. Wannan karusa da zarar mallakar Melgunov Alexei Petrovich, da farko gwamnan-Janar na Yaroslavl.

Dasu na makamai, da tsare-tsaren, maps of Yaroslavl, watercolors, zane-zane, gine-gine da graphics da sauran farfado vividly kwatanta da zamantakewa, al'adu da siyasa tarihi na lardin har cikin karni na 19th.

"Kwanta"

Tasbĩhi game da bude wannan musamman abin tunawa ne da mulkin Musin-Pushkin. Duk da haka, da tarihi da gano da ya rage wani asiri a wannan rana. A farko edition na "Kalma" ya bayyana a cikin kaka na 1800, da kuma shekaru 12 da daga baya, da rubutum na wanda aka kiyaye a cikin sarari up, a gidan Musin-Pushkin, ya ƙone a wuta cike da babban birnin kasar, a lokacin da Napoleon ta bãyar da bãya.

"The Word" a Yaroslavl koma a karo na biyu. A bude-iska gidan kayan gargajiya a 1985. A nuni da aka bude, daya kadai na irin a Rasha. Manor Ilovna - wani wuri inda harsãshensa aka aza tarin Musin-Pushkin. Yau, kawai ziyartar Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve, za ka iya ganin furniture, ayyukan art, littattafai, da kuma tunanin abin da wannan dukiya da aka a cikin waɗancan kwanaki. Takardu, haruffa, tsaraba, kazalika da farko edition, wanda shi ne mai rarity, ba kowa da kowa da damar jin gabar ikon mallakar ga tarihi na samu na rubutum, ta ban tausayi rabo, wani sabon haihuwa, da kuma, ba shakka, rashin mutuwa.

"Gumaka na Yaroslavl na 16-18th ƙarni"

Wannan shi ne wani ban sha'awa m nuni. Nunin na gumaka ne a real kundin sani na Rasha art na 16-18 ƙarni. Kauri da kuma monumental gumaka, kamar Deesis bene, "Transfiguration", Theotokos, ya halitta suna da Yaroslavl da kuma Moscow Masters. Su aka sanya a cikin 2nd rabin na 16th karni. A 17th karni, kamar yadda ka iya tuna, wannan "Golden Age" na Yaroslavl. A wannan lokaci, akwai lokatan da yawa gumaka -. Ioanna Zlatousta, Annabi Iliya, Ioanna Predtechi, da sauransu Modern Times Art buga hoton na St. Yahaya Warrior, shahidi George, Arhangela Mihaila. Sun hada da tasirinsa na Baroque style tare da hadisai na Yaroslavl icon zanen. Duk wannan za ka iya ganin ta ziyartar da Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve.

Sauran m daukan hotuna

Sauran m farfado hada da wani baje kolin taken "Hexapoda Masters duniya tamu", gaya game dragonflies, malam, fara ne kawai, beetles, ƙudan zuma, da kuma sauran wakilan duniya na kwari. "Taskõkin Yaroslavl" - shi ne mafi muhimmanci na gidan kayan gargajiya tarin. Wannan nuni buga kayayyakin na Masters na da Novgorod, Moscow, Yaroslavl, kazalika da jewelers na zamaninmu. Za ka ga taskõkin sacristies na majami'u da kuma gidajen lama na Yaroslavl, da gudunmawar na arziki, fatake, da gida aristocrats da sarakuna. A karshe nuni da m - "The Nature na Yaroslavl yankin." sashen na halitta gabatar a wannan bude-iska gidan kayan gargajiya, kafa a 1865. Godiya ga basira Kuznetsova, halittu, taxidermist, gidan kayan gargajiya curator, sculptor da kuma zane-zane, da nuni ya samu wani zamani look. Sashen Nature a 1976, aka bayar da sunansa. Wannan daukan hotuna da aka wakilta tare da iyakar cikar fauna duka Yaroslavl yankin. Za ku sãmi biyu da dabbobi da suka rayu a zamanin da, da kuma na zamani fauna. A cikin bazara na shekarar 1992, a kan ƙasa da gidan kayan gargajiya zaunar Bear Masha (beyar aka sani ya zama wata alama ce Yaroslavl). Kasa shi ne mai tutar Yaroslavl yankin.

gidan kayan gargajiya rassan

Wannan gidan kayan gargajiya na 3 rassan: Memorial House Museum Sobinova gidan kayan gargajiya "Cosmos" da kuma Museum of Soja Tsarki. Bari mu ce 'yan kalmomi game da "Space", located a kauyen Nikulskoe.

"Space" Museum

Yana da aka sadaukar domin Valentina Tereshkova. Wannan gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude a shekarar 1975 da kuma kunshi biyu gine-gine, wanda ake hada a cikin guda hadaddun. A tunawa part - wani baƙauye bukka, wanda aka mayar da da kwatancin mafi Tereshkova da kuma danginta. Located in wani kauye da ake kira Mafi yawan Maslennikovo located 1.5 km daga Nikulskoe, iyayenta 'gidan da aka ba kiyaye su, don haka aka gina gidan kwana a kan model na bukka Tereshkova mahaifin da mahaifiyar, inda iyalin rayu a lokacin yaki. A lãbãri aka located a wani zamani da ginin, manufar gina. Yana gaya labarin Valentina Tereshkova da sauran mazauna Yaroslavl yankin, wanda da gudummawar da ci gaban astronautics.