1 World Trade Center (Freedom Tower): description, tarihi

1946. Sin na sa ran wani sabon yakin basasa. Japan har yanzu ba zai iya warke daga m nukiliya hari. Turai tunawa kango. Kuma Amurka? A Amirka, duk abin da yake lafiya: Dollar gane kasa da kasa kudin, akwai halittar MDD da kuma Bankin Duniya, zai fara aikin gina sababbin gine-gine. Amurka na fatan cewa nan da sannu za su zama iko, "podozhmut" by dukan duniya.

A wannan shekarar, cikin ikon cewa zama, wato management na New York, ta fito da wani tsari da za a gina cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a Lower Manhattan - Duniya Trade Center 1. Su bayar da shawarar cewa post-yaki kasashen za su gudanar da harkokin kasuwancin duniya. Amma wannan zai iya hana Cold War: Rasha da karfi sojojin a duniya na ƙasar don saya da atomic bam, amai wani garin kankara look zuwa Turai da kuma karfafa dangantakar abokantaka tare da Asia: taimakawa Koriya ta kawo karshen yaki da kuma har abada bonded su dangantaka tare da kasar Sin. A sa'an nan da Amurkawa da kuma dole mu fasa gina WTC illa ma sha Allahu.

A tarihin fitowan da tagwayen hasumiyoyin

Manyan m na World Trade Center matsayin hango cewa wata rana suka kimanta da yi zai taka rawa ga banrazana Amurka. Minoru Yamasaki rubuta cewa, idan ta kasance yiwu, "Ina za a iya warware gine-gine da al'amurran da suka shafi fuskantar da ni, da zayyana daya-labarin gidaje."

Yana duk fara a kan himma daga cikin Director na Office na New York Port Augusta Tobin - ya ne a 46 da suka gabata karni ya sa a gaba wani tsari don gina cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya 1. Wajen magana, yana so ya haifar da wani abu da zai kawo karin kudin shiga.

Kafa dokoki ba izini domin gina 21 gine-gine a gaɓar Kogin East River - wannan ita ce ƙasar da nasa ne Office. Yana yana bunkasa aikin, da kuma lokacin da ya shirya (a 1949), wani m daftarin aiki da aka janye.

A cikin tsakiyar 1950s raya aikin gani David Rockefeller. Kawai ya sauran burin - sabuntawa na ƙananan ɓangare na kyawawa na City of New York (Manhattan). A shekarar 1958 muka fara samar da shirin kara harkokin kasuwanci, da kuma a 1960 hau a cikin kimantawa da aikin World Trade Center. A cewar shi, da hadaddun kamata a located a kan 53 kadada mallakar da Port Authority, kazalika akwai wani 300-mita nuni zauren, kewaye da 50- kuma 70-storey hotel da kuma ofishin. Entertainment da aka bayar, kamar sinimomi, gidajen cin abinci da shaguna. Amma a watan Satumba 1962 aka nada shugaba m (Minoru Yamasaki), wanda za'ayi aikin a karshe daftarin, kuma a shekarar 1965 ya fara da yi.

Yamasaki ya sanya wasu canje-canje: ya jabu sun ƙaryata da yiwuwar gina wani rukunin gine-gine da kuma shawarar ficewa domin biyu twin Towers na 80 hawa a tsawo. Yana bi da shi wajibi ne gaba daya ya canza zane. Duk da haka, duk abin da ya faru sosai da sauri: a karshen shekarun 1970 saka da topmost kashi na goyon bayan tsarin a festive yanayi, da kuma a 1973 da ginin da aka sa a cikin aiki.

Events Satumba 11, 2001

Kusan shekaru 30 na World Trade Center twin ayyuka ne mafi girma a duniya. A farko bala'i ya faru a kan Fabrairu 26, 1993. A wannan rana, a karo na biyu bene na Arewa Tower, wanda yana da wani boye mota shakatawa, fashe a truck a cikin abin da bam da aka dasa. Omar Abdul-Rahman (Islama shugaban da Oganeza na aikin 'yan ta'adda) fatan cewa hasumiyar zai fara dakushewa da kuma ta shãfi na biyu, cewa shi ne, so da cikakken halakar da skyscrapers. Amma shayi - talented m halittun tsayayya. Wadanda ke fama da rushewar karfe 6 mutane, da suka ji rauni game da 1,000, ginin da aka gaba daya tsaya aiki.

102 minti - mafi mũnin a 2001. Just rabin awa, kuma World Trade Center 1 ya daina wanzuwa. A 8:46 am cikin jirgin tare da 'yan ta'adda a kan jirgin rammed na farko hasumiya, da kuma a 10:28 da sauran "Boeing" - na biyu, da kuma waɗanda m seconds da aka kama a video. Wannan aikin ta'addanci ne babbar a tarihin 'yan adam. Ya shafa sun kusan mutane 3,000, wani 24 da aka rasa.

gini farfadowa

Nuwamba 21, 2006 ya yini a lõkacin da fara mataki na farko na gina zamani WTC 1. Wannan aikin ya dauki lokaci mai tsawo da kuma kudi - kusan $ 4 biliyan da shekaru 7 (as da wanda ya riga, wanda aka halaka Satumba 11, 2001). A tsawo daga hasumiya ne 541 mita (tare da wani karu, nauyin da fiye da 700 ton). Yau, da wannan gine-gine da halitta ne da tallest a New York, Amurka da kuma dukan Western Hemisphere.

A wadanda wuraren da zarar ya tsaya da tagwayen hasumiyoyin, tunawa 2 da aka shigar a cikin wani kwano, Ya sanya daga dutse, da kuma a kan kewaye dalaye da faranti na tagulla kwarzana da sunayen da matattu. Suna located daidai inda harsãshensa aka aza domin gine-gine. Kuma da World Trade Center 1 ne ayi a yammacin kusurwa na shafin. Sai dai itace cewa da sabon gine-gine kamar yadda aka kewaye da Ground Zero (tunawa).

Halaye na wani zamani gini

World Trade Center 1, ko Freedom Tower, ne mai sayar da ofishin ginin. A tsarin ne karfi da reminiscent na da magabata. Abu ne mai sauki karkace gini tare da wata babbar spire a saman. An glazed a waje da kuma cikin na tsakiyar ɓangare akwai manyan size haraba. Room tsawo ne 24 m, ya kuma inganta samar da damar yin amfani da ofisoshin, gidajen cin abinci, bayanai cibiyoyin da kuma nuni dakunan.

A karkashin kasa part aka sanye take da wani zaure, da alaka da Railway Lines da kuma birane jirgin karkashin kasa. A saman, ba shakka, gidajen cin abinci, na samar da mai ban mamaki shimfidar wuri. Har ila yau a cikin manya matakin akwai duba dandamali. Ƙananan ɓangare na Freedom Tower aka liyi tare da gilashi prismatic siffar, kuma a saman - blue.

Wasu ban sha'awa facts

• Mafi yawa daga cikin kasafin kudin da aka yi nufi ga tabbatar da zaman lafiya a taron na wani harin ta'addanci.
• A 1776 ta soma da jawabi na Independence, Amurka. Gina tsawo - 1.776 ƙafafunsu kuma shi ne babu wani hatsari.
• Glass bangarori, wanda aka zaba a matsayin cladding abu, rage aiki ta halin kaka ta 20%, saboda godiya ga su da ciki cike da na halitta haske.
• Tuna da mutanen da suka kashe, ko kuma ya bace a lokacin da ya rushe a baya skyscrapers na Manhattan, bisa ga daban-daban kimomi, mafi ziyarci, amma aikin da aka soki ga babbar kudin da rashin ilmi.

Me kana bukatar ka sani to yawon bude ido?

Duk wani yawon shakatawa na New York ya hada da ziyarar da World Trade Center 1. Zaka kuma iya samun shi a kan nasu. A kudin shiga ga kallo bene ne game da $ 30. Kamar yadda a cikin sauran kasashe da birane, za ka iya saya New York Wuce kuma ziyarci duk ka so wurare (ciki har da WTC 1) free.

Ra'ayoyi The Tower Liberty (New York, Manhattan) ne a 100, 101 da kuma 102 matakan. Karba gudun lif, wanda aka saka a cikin bango nuni, da nuna matakai na ci gaban birnin kamar yadda ta "girma."

Ganin mummunan bala'i da ya faru a wannan wuri shekaru 15 da suka wuce, mutane da yawa suna jin tsoro ya ziyarci cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya 1. Lokacin da ginin da aka sa a cikin aiki, da masu an jiran sufurin na gabatarwa - sosai 'yan mutane ya so ya riƙi cewa hadarin. Amma kamar yadda ka sani, da dako kuskure guda mazurari sau biyu, kuma ina fatan cewa wannan zai zahiri zama haka al'amarin.

World Trade Center 1 - ta'addanci martani

1 WTC ba kawai kyau gine-gine abu da panoramic Viewing dandamali. Wannan shi ne wani isasshen mayar da martani ga kasa da kasa da ta'addanci, kazalika da wuri a cikin abin girmama ƙwaƙwalwar na mutanen da suka mutu. Modern New York gini ne daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali da cewa an fi frequented by yan unguwa da kuma yawon bude ido.